UNIT 7 OVERVIEW

GENETICS AND HEREDITY

Biology Textbook: Chapters 10, 12.4, & 13

Essential Terms:

Definitions- Know what the term means and be able to use this information to apply the term to various circumstances.

a. DNA

b. Genes

c. Chromosomes

d. Alleles

e. Dominant Traits

f. Recessive Traits

g. Genetic Engineering

h. Selective Breeding

What I Need to Know/Be able to do:

  1. Punnett Squares- Monohybrids and Dihybrids

a. Know how to set them up and create the crosses.

  1. Capital letters represent Dominant traits
  2. Lowercase letters represent Recessive traits

b. Then you need to be able to interpret the information.

  1. Percentages and types of offspring produced
  2. Heterozygous (hybrid) or homozygous (purebred)
  3. Which traits will be seen in the offspring
  4. What happens in the next generation
  5. Know non-mendelian crosses
  1. Family Pedigree and Karyotypes (know how to read)

a. Know how to follow and trace a trait for several generations

b. Be able to determine which offspring will have the trait

  1. Hierarchy of Genetics

a. DNA -- Codes for Genes

b. Genes – Sections of DNA on a chromosome

  1. Genes determine the traits that show up in an organism
  2. Different forms of a trait that a gene may have are called alleles

c. Chromosomes – you have 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell

  1. Half of each pair you inherited from your mom
  2. The other half you inherited from dad
  1. Haploid and Diploid cell comparisons

a. Meiosis is the process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half in the sex cells (gametes) so that when they are recombined during fertilization, the new offspring will have the proper amount,

UNIT 7 OVERVIEW

GENETICS AND HEREDITY

Biology Textbook: Chapters 10, 12.4, & 13

Essential Terms:

Definitions- Know what the term means and be able to use this information to apply the term to various circumstances.

a. DNA

b. Genes

c. Chromosomes

d. Alleles

e. Dominant Traits

f. Recessive Traits

g. Genetic Engineering

h. Selective Breeding

What I Need to Know/Be able to do:

  1. Punnett Squares- Monohybrids and Dihybrids

a. Know how to set them up and create the crosses.

  1. Capital letters represent Dominant traits
  2. Lowercase letters represent Recessive traits

b. Then you need to be able to interpret the information.

  1. Percentages and types of offspring produced
  2. Heterozygous (hybrid) or homozygous (purebred)
  3. Which traits will be seen in the offspring
  4. What happens in the next generation
  5. Know non-mendelian crosses
  1. Family Pedigree and Karyotypes (know how to read)

a. Know how to follow and trace a trait for several generations

b. Be able to determine which offspring will have the trait

  1. Hierarchy of Genetics

a. DNA -- Codes for Genes

b. Genes – Sections of DNA on a chromosome

  1. Genes determine the traits that show up in an organism
  2. Different forms of a trait that a gene may have are called alleles

c. Chromosomes – you have 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell

  1. Half of each pair you inherited from your mom
  2. The other half you inherited from dad
  1. Haploid and Diploid cell comparisons

a. Meiosis is the process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half in the sex cells (gametes) so that when they are recombined during fertilization, the new offspring will have the proper amount.