THE CHOSEN
Traditional Jewish Clothing/Costumes
THE CHOSEN
Talmud
The Talmud is comprised of two parts: the Mishnah, the written law from oral law, and the Gemara, a discussion of the Mishnah.
Jerusalem Talmud (Talmud Yerushalmi)
The Gemara here is a synopsis of almost 200 years of analysis of the Mishna in the Academies in Israel (mainly Tiberias and Caesaria.) Due to the location of the Academies, the agricultural laws of the Land of Israel are discussed in great detail. Traditionally, it was redacted in the year 350 C.E. by Rav Muna and Rav Yossi in Israel. It is referred to traditionally as the Talmud Yerushalmi (The Jerusalem Talmud) however, the name is a misnomer, as it was not written in Jerusalem. As such it is also known more accurately as the The Talmud of the land of Israel. Others refer to it as the Palestinian Talmud for this reason.
It is written in both Hebrew and a western Aramaic dialect that differs from its Babylonian counterpart.
Babylonian Talmud (Talmud Bavli)
Talmud Bavli (the "Babylonian Talmud") comprises the Mishnah and the Babylonian Gemara. This Gemara is a synopsis of more than 300 years of analysis of the Mishna in the Babylonian Academies. Tradition ascribes the initial editing of the Babylonian Talmud to two Babylonian sages, Rav Ashi and Ravina.
The question as to when the Gemara was finally put into its present form is not settled among modern scholars. Some of the text did not reach its final form until around 700. Traditionally, the rabbis who edited the Talmud after the end of the Amoraic period are called the Saboraim or Rabanan Saborai. Modern scholars also use the term Stammaim (From the Heb. Stam meaning closed, vague or unattributed) for the authors of unattributed statements in the Gemara.
THE CHOSEN
Williamsburg, Brooklyn
THE CHOSEN
Online Resource List
Jews in America: Our Story
Center for Jewish History
Jewish Community Centers Association of North America
(formerly the Young Men’s Hebrew Association)
Jewish Virtual Library
American Jewish Committee
Zionism on the Web
Academic Guide to Jewish History
Jewish Community Relations Council of New York
AskMoses.com, Judaism, Ask a Rabbi
Judaism 101
MyJewishLearning.com—The Personal Gateway to Jewish Exploration
National Foundation for Jewish Culture
The History of the Jewish People
Jewish Path
Jewish Index Links Page
Yeshiva University
JewishGen: The Home of Jewish Genealogy
A Guide to Chabad Literature
THE CHOSEN
Yeshiva Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch (YRSRH, also known as Breuer's, after its creator) was founded in New York City in 1944, as a means of reestablishing the Orthodox Jewish community of Frankfurt, Germany in the United States. The school, founded by Rabbi Joseph Breuer, is run according to the philosophy of Rabbi Breuer's grandfather, Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch. It is located in Washington Heights.
The institution has several divisions, including separate elementary, middle and high schools for boys and girls, and post high school Talmudic academy. It also maintained a teacher's seminary for many years, which was discontinued in 2004.
It is under the general auspices of K'hal Adath Jeshurun, which is a community synagogue that serves the mostly German-Jewish community of Washington Heights and Fort Tryon in upper Manhattan.