TOSSUPS – Columbia/Bevill StateSWORD BOWL/PENN BOWL 2006 (UTC/Penn/Oklahoma/Drake)

Questions by Columbia (Nick Flath, Grace Chan, Lily Wang, and Michael Jan with guest linguistics bonus by Joel Feiner), with Bevill State alums (Jim Sanford, Glenn Allen Bobo, et al.), Drake, and your genial quizmaster

1.(BS) He postulated three commandments: good thoughts, good words, and good deeds. In his view man was created to strengthen the hand of good in the eternal struggle against evil, personified respectively as Ormuzd or Ahura Mazda and Ahriman. His theology had a great impact on later religions’ beliefs surrounding God, Satan, the soul, resurrection, and final judgment. FTP name this Persian whose namesake dualistic religion was eventually adopted as the official state religion of the various Persian empires until the 7th century A.D.

Answer:Zoroaster or Zarathustra

2.Its name can be traced back to the Greek word for “nettle.” Gonads are the only organs in species of this phylum. Respiration takes place by diffusion of oxygen directly through tissues, and movement is coordinated by a decentralized nerve net. It is so named because organisms in this phylum carry nematocysts, specialized stinging cells. FTP, identify this phylum, formerly called coelentera, to which belongs sea anemones and jellyfish.

Answer: Cnidaria(prompt on coelentera or coelenterata before “coelentera”)

3.Nine million years ago he came into existence as a dock worker named Orion Pax. When civil war broke out, he was refurbished and made battle-ready by Alpha Trion. On a mission to gather resources, the Ark he captained crash-landed on Earth, an event which put all aboard into stasis until the year 1984. When mortally wounded, he transferred the Matrix of leadership to Hotrod, who turned out to be the foretold chosen one. FTP name this leader of the Autobots, who transforms from an 18-wheeler into a red and blue humanoid robot.

Answer: Optimus Prime

4.The novel was written as a satirical response to Samuel Richardson’s Pamela, and the title character is introduced as her brother. The style is picaresque, as the title character, Fanny, and Parson Adams journey through the English countryside. One memorable scene involves the group fighting off a pack of dogs, narrated in a mock epic style. FTP name this novel by Henry Fielding.

Answer: Joseph Andrews

5.A heterogeneous group, they coalesced during the 1700s when indigenous peoples such as the Yuchis and Yamasses came into contact with members of the migrating Lower Creek tribe. Currently, there are 3,100 official members of the Tribe in Florida, and 6,000 in Oklahoma. Their resistance to US encroachment was led by Osceola until his capture in 1837. FTP name this “unconquered people” of Florida, whose namesake war ended with no formal peace treaty in 1842 after the US government had spent roughly 20 million dollars and 1500 American soldiers had died.

Answer: SeminoleIndians

6.(YGQM) His death at age 34 and his style of careful composition and close matching of lyrics and music led to a smaller body of work than his churn-‘em-out contemporaries Rossini and Donizetti. It was just ten years from his first opera, Adelson e Salvini, to his last, the dramatic I Puritani. FTP name this composer, whose best-known operas are La Somnambula and Norma.

Answer:Vincenzo Bellini

7.(BS) Its chemical designation is 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructo-furanosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside. Its use was first approved in Canada in 1991, and in the US in 1998. It is produced by Tate and Lyle exclusively in the south Alabama town of McIntosh, Population 244. FTP name this artificial sweetener that is 500 to 600 times as sweet as sucrose, making it roughly twice as sweet as saccharin and four times as sweet as aspartame.

Answer:Splenda or Sucralose (Accept Splendar, as that is what it’s called in Canada)

8.(BS) While in prison he wrote poetry, published first in a collection not-so-creatively titled Poems from Prison but later reissued as A Shuttle in the Crypt. He had been placed insolitary confinement in 1967 for his attempts at brokering a peace between the parties in his nation’s civil war. He is currently the Elias Ghanem Professor of Creative Writing at the English department at Nevada-Las Vegas. Author of The Interpreters, Kongi’s Harvest, and The Lion and the Jewel, FTP, name this Nigerian winner of the 1986 Nobel prize for Literature.

Answer:Wole Soyinka
9.Its namesake gave the Fibonacci numbers their name, and appropriately these numbers are closely related to Fibonacci numbers. The nth of these numbers is the sum of the n-minus-1 and the n-plus-1 Fibonacci numbers. The direct formula for the nth of these numbers is phi to the nth power plus negative phi to the nth power, where phi is the golden ratio. FTP, identify these numbers, where every number is the sum of the two previous numbers, and the first two numbers are 1 and 3.

Answer: Lucas numbers

10.(YGQM) He taught school for six years, then passed the bar and within three years was elected a state senator. He served two terms as Governor before winning a write-in campaign to the U.S. Senate in 1954. He officially switched from the Democrats to the G.O.P. in 1964, making that his third party if you count the short-lived States’ Rights Democrats, which made him their lone Presidential nominee in 1948. FTP name this South Carolinian who served a record 47-plus years in the U.S. Senate.

Answer:Strom Thurmond

11.(CU/YGQM) Its only Oscar nomination in the acting categories was for Supporting Actor for Tom Courtenay, but it did win five Oscars, including for Robert Bolt’s screenplay and Maurice Jarre’s memorable score. In adjusted terms, this 1965 movie almost surpasses Titanic in its gross revenue. With the tagline “A Love Caught in the Fire of Revolution,” memorable scenes include a long train ride, a battle on horseback, and a demonstration in Moscow. FTP name this film directed by David Lean, starring Omar Sharif in the title role adapted from a Boris Pasternak novel.

Answer: Doctor Zhivago

12.His name means “over-king of the marching men,” and in 52 B.C.E. he began organizing forces against Julius Caesar. He adopted more modern styles of warfare, including a scorched earth policy to prevent the Roman legions from living off the land. His early successes against Caesar ended in the Battle of Alesia, where Caesar’s forces completely encircled his fortification, forcing a surrender. FTP, identify this Gaul, the last druid king.

Answer: Vercingetorix

13.It was composed in two minutes or so, describing a scene the poet witnessed from his backyard every day. The poem’s simplicity is a rejection of European verbosity in favor of an American image. Much of the poem’s strength derives from the inherent pause after the opening lines “so much depends / upon,” and the reader is left to sort out what depends on what. FTP, name this free verse poem by William Carlos Williams, where the colorful title object is “glazed with rain / water / beside the white / chickens”.

Answer: “The Red Wheelbarrow”

14.(BS) Taking its name from the Greek word for marble, it overlies the North Anatolian Fault. To the west, it is connected to the Aegean Sea by the Dardanelles, and to the east it is connected to the Black Sea by the Bosporus Strait. FTP name this inland sea, which separates the Asian and European parts of Turkey.

Answer:Sea of Marmara

15.He served in the army before becoming interested in natural history, later working at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris. He coined the terms “biology” and “invertebrate.” In Philosophie Zoologique, he outlined his teleological view of organism development. Though he is often vilified today, Darwin praised him for supporting and publicizing the concept of evolution. FTP, identify this scientist, commonly associated with the notion of spontaneous generation.

Answer: Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck

16.Born a miller’s son in Suffolk, he never left his native England, though his work was less acclaimed there than in France.. He began works by sketching in oil outdoors, but finished his paintings in his studio. Some critics praise the oil sketches more highly than the finished works, because of their free-form nature. He influenced Delacroix and is regarded as an equal of Turner, although he only sold 20 paintings during his lifetime. FTP name this British landscape artist, whose paintings include View on the Stour and The Hay Wain
Answer: John Constable

17.In this play, a country estate is thrown into turmoil when its irritable owner, a retired professor, drops in with his young wife Helena. The local physician Astrov and the estate’s caretaker, who is also the title character, promptly fall in love with her, only to be spurned. In the climactic scene the professor is shot at by the enraged caretaker. FTP name this play by Anton Chekhov,

Answer: Uncle Vanya

18.(BS/YGQM) The namesake mountains of this region are continued to the west by the Erzgebirge and to the east by the Carpathians. In 1934 Konrad Henlein founded a pro-German, Nazi-offshoot party there. That party later served as a vehicle for provoking the dispute which led to a 1938 conference between France, Italy, Britain, and Germany – but not Czechoslovakia. Almost devoid of ethnic Germans since 1945, FTP name this region ceded to Germany by the Munich pact in an attempt to appease Hitler.

Answer:The Sudetenland or Sudetes or Sudety

19.A comprehensive world-view, it held that the universe was finite, and governed by a divine consciousness. Along with the four elements was one more, called Pneuma, which had a part in all things. Human beings, simply by breathing the Pneuma in and out, participated in a great interconnected universe. Moral commands of this philosophy were frugal habits, and a strict control of emotions. FTP name this ancient way of life, famous adherents to which included Seneca, Cicero and Marcus Aurelius.

Answer: Stoicism

20.The statistical mechanical definition reduces to the nice mathematical form of k · ln() [read, “k times the natural log of omega”] – where k is Boltzmann’s constant and omega is the number of microstates consistent with a given macrostate. This quantity is measured using the SI units, joules per Kelvin, and is often abbreviated S. The Second Law of Thermodynamics specifies that this quantity increases over time, approaching a maximum value. FTP, name this quantity that describes the disorder of a system.

Answer: Entropy

21.(BS) Trees near Basel in 1998, walkways in a Kansas City park in 1977, eleven islands near Miami in 1983, Paris’ Pont Neuf in 1985, and Berlin’s Reichstag in 1995. These are among the objects that this man and his wife, Jeanne-Claude have wrapped in fabric or various plastics in the name of art. For ten points, name this 70 year old Bulgarian, whose saffron-yellow colored “The Gates” graced New York’s Central Park in February 2005.

Answer:Christo Javacheff (Accept Chrito and Jeann-Claude before she is named)

22.This city, founded under the guidance of Ulmo, stood for four hundred years. Although close to Angband, strict secrecy was maintained, so the location was never known to Morgoth. During the Battle of Unnumbered Tears, Turgon led 10,000 elves from this city to aid the other Noldor, but was forced to retreat after the fall of Fingon. Located in the vale of Tumladen and renowned for its weaponsmiths, FTP name this city of the First Age of Middle Earth, a creation of J.R.R. Tolkien.

Answer: Gondolin

23.An exile from his native Calydon, he met Polynices in Argos, and the two wedded the daughters of Adrastus there. After he was sent in an unsuccessful embassy, he slew 49 of the 50 men assigned to ambush him on the way home, and sent the last man packing to tell the tale. Mortally wounded by Melanippus, he would have been granted immortality by Athene if he had not appalled her by eating the brains of his fallen foe. FTP name this member of the Seven Against Thebes, the father of Diomedes.

Answer: Tydeus

BONI – Columbia/Bevill StateSWORD BOWL/PENN BOWL 2006 (UTC/Penn/Oklahoma/Drake)

Questions by Columbia (Nick Flath, Grace Chan, Lily Wang, and Michael Jan with guest linguistics bonus by Joel Feiner), with Bevill State alums (Jim Sanford, Glenn Allen Bobo, et al.), Drake, and your genial quizmaster

1.(BS) F10PE, name these Nazi concentration camps (Yes, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, they really existed. The “BS” that precedes this question stands for Bevill State.)

This Bavarian camp was the first concentration camp. Its liberation in 1945 gave the West one of its first looks at the horrors of what came to be known as the Holocaust.

Answer:Dachau

Located near Weimar, this labor camp, whose name means “Beech Forest”, housed Elie Wiesel.

Answer:Buchenwald

This was actually a cluster of camps in Poland, including the extermination center at Birkenau that saw the deaths of over a million

Answer:Auschwitz

2.FTPE identify the Edgar Allan Poe short story from lines from the first page:

1. “No pestilence had ever been so fatal, or so hideous.”

Answer: “The Masque of the Red Death”

2. “I was sick—sick unto death with that long agony.”

Answer: “The Pit and the Pendulum”

3. “The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could; but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge.”

Answer:“The Cask of Amontillado”

3.(BS/YGQM) Theories of Light FTP each:

In 1704 this physicist said light was made of a beam of particles, which explained shadows and reflections.

Answer:Sir IsaacNewton

Presaged to some extent by Robert Hooke, this Dutch scientist claimed in his 1690 Treatise on Light that light was made up of waves, which explained refraction.

Answer:ChristianHuygens

This French physicist won the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on wave-particle duality, based upon his hypothesis that any moving particle or object had a corresponding wave.

Answer:Louisde Broglie

4.Answer the following about Doomsdays FTPE

1. This religious group, founded by Charles Taze Russell in the late 19th century, saw 1914 as the year that the "sign of the Last Days" came to pass.

Answer:Jehovah’s Witnesses

2. After closely inspecting the prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John, this man, President of the Royal Academy in 1703, set Doomsday in the year 2060.

Answer: Isaac Newton

3. Victor Von Doom created the national holiday “Doom’s Day” in this fictional country, which he rules.

Answer: Latveria

5.(YGQM) Absinthe makes the art grow fonder. Name the French artists of these works FTPE:

1. His 1876 work A Sketch of a French Cafe attracted little notice till he retitled it L’absinthe, or The Glass of Absinthe.

Answer: Edgar Degas

2. One of the notable works from his relatively brief stint living in Paris was 1887’s Still Life with Absinthe.

Answer: Vincent Van Gogh

3. This caricaturist’s works included The Third Class Carriage and Absinthe Lithographs.

Answer: Honore Daumier

6. FTPE identify these people who have won all four major entertainment awards: the Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony.

1. Having won an Oscar and a Tony for writing works of the same name, this man also wrote directed 3 works that rank in the top 20 of AFI's List of Funniest American Films.

Answer: Mel Brooks

2. This man won his Tony for the score of A Chorus Line and an Oscar for the song, The Way We Were.

Answer: Marvin Hamlisch

3. Although more famous for his Broadway successes, this man’s lesser known achievements include an Emmy for his brilliant musical score of Winston Churchill-The Valiant Years and a Best Song Oscar for “It Might As Well Be Spring.”

Answer: RichardRodgers

7.(DU) Answer these questions about a certain family FTPE:

(10) This dynasty that produced various rulers for a large portion of the second half of the last millennia is known as well for its inbreeding, which may have helped perpetuate an extremely pronounced “lip and jaw”.
Answer:Hapsburg

(10) This Hapsburg monarch ruled Spain for the second half of the 16th century, and also sent some fleet thing to England.
Answer:Philip II

(10) This member of the Hapsburg line may not have had direct power, but she was married to Louis XIV.
Answer:Maria Theresa

8.(BS) Answer the following concerning cellular “parts”, on a 5-10-20-30 basis.

a) This is defined as the nucleus of a cell, or the germinal or active spot of a cellule through or in which cell development takes place.

Answer:Cytoblast

b) This is a saclike cellular organelle that contains various hydrolytic enzymes.

Answer:Lysosome

c) This is a system of interconnected vesicular and lamellar cytoplasmic membranes that function in the transport of materials within the cell.