Name: ______Per. ___ Date:____ Integrated Science 7

Matter is made of Particles Notes

Introduction: A long time ago, a Greek man named Democratis had an idea. He thought if you divided a rock in half over and over again, you would eventually get down to a particle so small that you could not see it or divide it any smaller. He named that particle an atom. Today we have proof that atoms exist, even though we still cannot see them with our eye. Thousands of experiments have shown that matter is made of atoms. We can predict what they will do and use them to explain what happens in chemical reactions. In this activity you will watch some chemical reactions and see how an understanding of the atom helps to explain them.

Procedure:

1. Watch as your teacher demonstrates some chemical reactions and physical changes. Record what happens. See if you can explain what happens in terms of atoms. Write down what YOU think.

2. Listen as your teacher explains the scientific view of the demonstration. Write down how this explanation is different from yours.

Demonstration #1

  1. What happened?
  1. How would you explain what happened? (remember to think about atoms)
  1. How is your teachers’ explanation different from yours?

Demonstration #2

  1. What happened?
  1. How would you explain what happened? (remember to think about atoms)
  1. How is your teachers’ explanation different from yours?
  1. How do atoms help us explain chemical reactions and changes in matter?

Possible demonstrations

Dissolving salt and evaporating the water

Collapsing can (heated aluminum can turned upside down in water)

Melting ice

Burning magnesium

Lead Iodide and Sodium Nitrate solutions, mixed.

Strong perfume-diffusion

Baking soda and vinegar-chemical reaction

Sample Script

1. Describe to the students that they are not to try any of the activities you show them at home unless they have a parent with them. Tell them never to mix chemicals they are unfamiliar with or to use fire or heat without supervision of parents. Many children have been burned, set houses on fire, etc. with experiments that got out of hand.

2. Handout safety glasses and explain the importance of protecting your eyes.

3. Write on Board and discuss: Atomic Theory: all matter is made of invisible particles called atoms and molecules. They are in constant motion.

4. Demonstrations: Emphasis with each reaction that they can be explained if you know something about invisible particles that are moving.

Matter is made of Particles Demonstrations and Notes

Introduction:A long time ago, a Greek man named Democratis had an idea. He thought if you divided a rock in half over and over again, you would eventually get down to a particle so small that you could not see it or divide it any smaller. He named that particle an atom. While you watch these demonstrations, think about how understanding that matter is made of atoms helps explain what occurs.

Demonstration #1

1.Write down what you observed. Diagrams are encouraged!

2. Construct an explanation of how or why it occurred. Be sure to support your ideas with evidence from your observations!

Demonstration #2

1.Write down what you observed. Diagrams are encouraged!

2. Construct an explanation of how or why it occurred. Be sure to support your ideas with evidence from your observations!

Engaging in Argument from Evidence

1.What evidence do we have of atoms?

2.How do atoms help us explain chemical reactions and changes in matter?

Matter is made of Particles Demonstrations and Notes

Introduction:A long time ago, a Greek man named Democratis had an idea. He thought if you divided a rock in half over and over again, you would eventually get down to a particle so small that you could not see it or divide it any smaller. He named that particle an atom. While you watch these demonstrations, think about how understanding that matter is made of atoms helps explain what occurs.

Demonstration #1

1.Write down what you observed. Diagrams are encouraged!

2. Construct an explanation of how or why it occurred. Be sure to support your ideas with evidence from your observations!

Demonstration #2

1.Write down what you observed. Diagrams are encouraged!

2. Construct an explanation of how or why it occurred. Be sure to support your ideas with evidence from your observations!

Engaging in Argument from evidence

1.What evidence do we have of atoms?

2.How do atoms help us explain chemical reactions and changes in matter?

How do we know matter is made of atoms even though we can’t see them?

  1. Matter comes apart. Thing can be cut and broken down smaller and smaller, so matter must be made of pieces. We call those pieces atoms.
  2. Matter reacts. If matter was all the made of the same substance, it wouldn’t react. Baking soda doesn’t react with baking soda, but it does react with vinegar. So baking soda and vinegar can’t made out of the same kind of matter. Therefore, there are different kinds of atoms.
  3. When things react, new substances are formed that weren’t there at the beginning. When you mix baking soda and vinegar, a gas is released. In order for a liquid and a solid to produce a gas, matter that used to be part of the solid and liquid must have separated and been released in the form of a gas.

How do we know matter is made of atoms even though we can’t see them?

  1. Matter comes apart. Thing can be cut and broken down smaller and smaller, so matter must be made of pieces. We call those pieces atoms.
  2. Matter reacts. If matter was all the made of the same substance, it wouldn’t react. Baking soda doesn’t react with baking soda, but it does react with vinegar. So baking soda and vinegar can’t made out of the same kind of matter. Therefore, there are different kinds of atoms.
  3. When things react, new substances are formed that weren’t there at the beginning. When you mix baking soda and vinegar, a gas is released. In order for a liquid and a solid to produce a gas, matter that used to be part of the solid and liquid must have separated and been released in the form of a gas.

How do we know matter is made of atoms even though we can’t see them?

  1. Matter comes apart. Thing can be cut and broken down smaller and smaller, so matter must be made of pieces. We call those pieces atoms.
  2. Matter reacts. If matter was all the made of the same substance, it wouldn’t react. Baking soda doesn’t react with baking soda, but it does react with vinegar. So baking soda and vinegar can’t made out of the same kind of matter. Therefore, there are different kinds of atoms.
  3. When things react, new substances are formed that weren’t there at the beginning. When you mix baking soda and vinegar, a gas is released. In order for a liquid and a solid to produce a gas, matter that used to be part of the solid and liquid must have separated and been released in the form of a gas.