Tilapia add in
WORLD
Global tilapia production
The total world landings for tilapia from capture and culture increased from
515,000 mt in 1984 at APR of 7.7, to 1.16 million mt in 1995 ( Figure 1.1.2.13). In
recent years, this increase in total landings has been fueled by an expansion of
aquaculture. Between 1984 and 1995, the contribution of cultured tilapia to total
tilapia landing increased from 38% or 198,000 mt to 57% or 659,000 mt ( Figure
1.1.2.13).
Figure 1.1.2.14
Four cichlid species or species groups (Nile tilapia, unidentified tilapias,
Mozambique tilapia and blue tilapia) dominated production between 1984 and
1995; in 1995, these accounted for 99.5% of cichlid production. Global
production was greatly influenced by rapid expansion of Nile and Mozambique
tilapia culture in China, the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia and Egypt. Nile
tilapia dominated global tilapia culture and its share of total tilapia production
increased dramatically from 33% or 66,000 mt in 1984 to 72% or 474,000 mt in 1995 (Figure 1.1.2.14). In China,
the leading producer, production increased from 18,000t in 1984 to 315,000t in 1995. This resulted in China accounting for 48% of total global tilapia culture. The tonnage of incompletely identified tilapia species (tilapia nei) has not changed significantly, but the concurrent expansion of Nile tilapia has resulted in their global decline from 46% or 92,000 mt in 1984 to 18% or 118,000 mt in 1995 (Figure 1.1.2.14). Much of the production in this group in 1995 was attributable to Taiwan Province of China (39%), Philippines (16%), Mexico (13%), and USA (5.8%) where tilapia hybrids of species such as O. niloticus, O. aureus, O. mossambicus, O. hornorum and varieties known as red tilapia, cherry snapper, etc., are cultured.
Figure 1.1.2.15
In common with other major cultured groups, the expansion of tilapia culture
between 1984 and 1995 has not been uniform ( Figure 1.1.2.15). For all tilapias,
the fastest expansion was recorded during 1984-1990; thereafter, the average
rate of expansion decreased. For the Nile tilapia, the expansion of production
decreased from an APR of 22.6 during 1984-1990 to 9.6 in 1994-1995 ( Figure
1.1.2.15). Similarly, for the same periods the production of the Mozambique
tilapia decreased from an APR of 21.8 to 8.9. The production of the blue tilapia (O. aureus), which was mainly reported by Cuba, has declined sharply ( Figure 1.1.2.15).
LATIN AMERICA
Freshwater fish culture accounted for 19.8% by volume of total aquaculture production in the region in 1995.
Culture of red tilapia has experienced the highest growth rate due to the high prices it fetches in export
markets. In spite of the enormous existing potential, very few native freshwater fish species are being
cultured in the region. Tilapia culture shows a steady increase which seems bound to continue (APR
1984-1995, 12.7). The main producing countries are Colombia, Mexico, Cuba, Costa Rica and Jamaica. This is the main species group cultured at the rural small-scale level. Some important cases of intensive culture are those in Jamaica (2,800 mt in 1995) and Costa Rica (3,800 mt in 1995). The proportions by volume in 1995 of the main cultured species were: Oreochromis spp., 43%; O. niloticus, 37%, and O. aureus, 19.7%.
COLOMBIA
Evaluación de un concentrado comercial para reproductores de
Tilapia Roja (Orechromis sp)
Prof. Ricardo Murillo Pacheco
INSTITUTO DE ACUICULTURA DE
LOS LLANOS
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales
Universidad de los Llanos
Villavicencio, Meta - COLOMBIA
ARGENTINA
región tropical y subtropical del norte argentino, con prolongadas estaciones
de crecimiento, ideales para cultivos de: tilapia,
2.La especie denominada "tilapia" (Oreochromis nilotica) de carácter exótico, es
cultivada actualmente en la provincia de Formosa. Producción estimada para
1996-97 fue de 10 Tm/año, comercializándose por el momento, solamente a
mercado local (Clorinda) en forma entera y fileteada sin espinas.
En mercado local (Formosa), en 1997 se comercializa a 1,5 $/kg. entera y 6 $/kg. de
filet. Este precio por kg. de producto fileteado es el mismo al cual se lo ofrece en la
República del Paraguay.
In the USA, several species, such as tilapias, Atlantic salmon and striped bass,
are showing substantial increases in production. Tilapia production has grown
to 7,000 mt since 1987 at an APR of 130. The high rate of increase is often due to low initial production values in the 1980s, e.g. regular tilapia production started with 20 mt in 1988.
US IMPORTS
U.S. tilapia imports are expected to grow further in 1998 and are forecast to be
higher in 1999. The strength of the dollar versus most other currencies is
expected to encourage more imports from Asian countries such as Taiwan,
Thailand, and Indonesia, but also greater shipments from Western Hemisphere
producers such as Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Jamaica, as demand increases for
filleted products. Domestic tilapia production is expected to increase, but will
be restricted mostly to the live market, still the primary sales outlet for U.S.
producers.
U.S. tilapia imports in the first 6 months of 1998 were 20 percent higher than
the previous year. Frozen whole tilapia continues to dominate imports,
accounting for over three quarters of all shipments. Total imports were 29.9
million pounds, with whole fish at 22.9 million, fresh fillets at 4.0 million,
and frozen fillets at 3.0 million pounds. Imports of tilapia were higher in all
categories. Shipments from Taiwan have always dominated frozen whole imports,
but over the last year Taiwan has also begun to export frozen fillets. In the
first 6 months of 1998, Taiwan was the largest source of frozen tilapia fillets,
ahead of Indonesia and Thailand.
The value of tilapia imports in first-half 1998 increased only 3 percent to
$25.4 million. The average prices fell in all three market categories, with
frozen whole fish dropping below 50 cents a pound. Tilapia prices have fallen
sharply over the last 2 years. In the first half of 1996, tilapia imports
averaged $1.09 per pound. By first-half 1998, the average import value had
declined to only $0.85 a pound.
Given the current economic conditions, tilapia imports are expected to remain
strong, on a quantity basis, for the remainder of 1998 and into 1999. However,
prices are expected to remain close to their present lows due to the devaluation
of a number of foreign currencies and strong competition from other seafood
species and other protein sources such as pork and chicken.
References
Actualidad de la Acuicultura en Argentina
Laura Luchini
Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimentación
Subsecretaría de Pesca
Dirección Nacional de Pesca y Acuicultura
Dirección de Acuicultura
Buenos Aires (Argentina)
ESTUDIO DE DESARROLLO Y PRODUCCION de TILAPIA
(Oreochromis niloticus)
Gustavo A. Wicki
Dirección de Acuicultura
Néstor Gromenida
Ministerio de la Producción, Provincia de Formosa
FAO Inland Water Resources and Aquaculture Service, Fishery Resources Division Review of the state of world aquaculture. FAO Fisheries Circular. No. 886, Rev.1. Rome, FAO. 1997. 163 p.
AQUACULTURE OUTLOOK October 1998, LDP-AQS-8, Economic Research Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.