This Paper Consists of 9 Pages

MARKS: 150

TIME: 3 hours

This paper consists of 9 pages

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

Answer ANY TWO of the following THREE questions:

How did Stalin’s Five Year Plans transform the economy of the USSR from 1928 to 1939?
What was the impact of the Great Depression on the American economy and its people?
How did Eugenics and Anti-Semitism lead to mass murder in the Third Reich?

Spend 1½ hrs on each question.

Number your responses exactly as the questions are numbered in the paper.

Start each question on a clean sheet.

The questions are based on the sources provided in the addendum.

Write legibly and allow for a marker’s margin.

Read all instructions and questions carefully. Check the fact and mark correlation before answering the questions.

Credit will be given for relevant content and evidence of analysis where applicable.

QUESTION 1: HOW DID STALIN'S FIVE YEAR PLANS TRANSFORM THE

ECONOMY OF THE USSR FROM 1928 TO 1939?

Refer to Source 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E.

1.1 Refer to Source 1A and your own knowledge:

1.1.1 Using your own words, define the following terms or concepts in the

context of Source 1A:

a. jungle law of capitalism 1x3 (3)

b. comrades 1x2 (2)

c. socialist system of economy 1x3 (3) (8)

1.1.2 Stalin was speaking to a group of industrial managers. Make a

deduction to explain why you think it was necessary for Stalin to

make this speech. 2x2(4)

1.1.3 In what ways did Stalin propose to challenge the capitalist West? 2x2(4)

1.2. Refer to Source 1B and your own knowledge:

1.2.1 This source suggests that Stalin had another motive for his programme

of'socialist construction'. In your own words, explain what his other aim

was. 1x2 (2)

1.2.2 Why according to Source 1B was Stalin against the NEP? 1x2 (2)

1.2.3 Stalin branded 'Bukharin and others' as 'right-wing deviationists'. What

do you think he meant by this? 1x2 (2)

1.3 Examine the two propaganda posters in Source 1C carefully and use the

clues to answer the following questions:

1.3.1 In each case list the target group for which the poster was intended? 2x1 (1)

1.3.2 Use three clues in Poster C1 and explain what improvements Stalin’s

Five Year Plans would bring to the lives of peasants. 3x2 (6)

1.3.2 Explain two techniques used by the artist of Poster C2 to influence

workers to support the Five Year Plans. 2x2 (4)

1.4 Paragraph writing: Compare the accounts of workers in Source 1D with the

message in Poster C2 and answer the following question in paragraph format:

1.4.1 How does the evidence in Source D contradict the message portrayed in

Poster C2? (7)

1.5 Refer to Source 1E and your own knowledge:

1.5.1 What do these statistics tell you about the industrial output during the first

two Five Year Plans? 3x1 (3)

1.5.2 Explain why statistics such as these on the production levels during Stalin's era would need to be corroborated (tested against other evidence and found to be authentic) to ensure their accuracy. 2x1 (2)

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1.6 EXTENDED WRITING (Your response should be 2-2½ pages in length).

Answer ONE of the following questions:

1.6.1 Discuss how Stalin’s Five Year Plans transformed the Russian economy

and indicate to what extent he achieved his aim of "Socialism in one country".

(30)

1.6.2 Using all the sources and your own knowledge discuss the positive and

negative consequences of Stalin's economic policies on the Russian

proletariat. (30)

75 marks.

QUESTION 2:WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION ON THE AMERICAN ECONOMY AND ITS PEOPLE?

Refer to Sources 2A, 2B. 2C, 2D, 2E and 2F to answer the following questions.

2.1Refer to Sources 2A and 2B.

2.1.1 Using your own knowledge, explain what is meant by the term ‘Crash’ in source 2A. (3)

2.1.2Use Source 2A to list three different ways in which the Crash affected the American economy. (3x1) (3)

2.1.3Refer to Source 2B. Who does Will Rogers blame for the depression? Explain your answer by using evidence from the source. (2x2) (4)

2.1.4 Will Rogers states the following in Source 2B: “We are the first nation in the history of the world to go to the poor house in an automobile.”

What is the meaning of this statement?(1x2)(2)

2.1.5In what ways are the extracts in Sources 2A and 2B (respectively) useful to historians trying to understand the Crash and the Great Depression?

(2x2)(4)

2.2 Refer to Sources 2C and 2D.

2.2.1In what ways does the data in Source 2D lend credibility to (support) H Zinn’s assessment of the American economy (Source 2A)? (2x2) (4)

2.2.2Explain why the changing value of stocks depicted in Source 2C are mirrored by the changes in the levels of unemployment and the number of business and bank failures in Source 2D before, during and after 1929. (6)

2.3 Refer to Source 2E.

2.3.1List four effects of the depression identified by K L Allen in Source 2E. (4x1) (4)

2.3.2Using your own knowledge, explain the term ‘Hoovervilles’ (Source 2E). (In your answer, include an explanation of why this name was used.) (2x2) (4)

2.4 Refer to Sources 2D and 2F.

2.4.1Refer to Source 2F. Comment on the cartoonist’s portrayal of the US ‘car’.

(2x2)(4)

2.4.2Who is the ‘new chauffeur’ rolling up his sleeves in Source 2F?(1)

2.4.3The ‘chauffeur’ in Source 2F is rolling up his sleeves, ready to get to work. By directly using the data in Source 2D, write a paragraph of approximately 6 lines (60 words) in which you assess how successful he was in driving the US car. (6)

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2.5Extended Writing: Refer to Sources 2A-2F and your knowledge to answer one of the following two questions.

EITHER

2.5.1The Great Depression had a devastating impact on both the American economy as well as the American people.

Assess the validity of this statement by examining the period 1929 to 1933. (30)

2.5.2Write a presidential campaign speech to be delivered by Franklin D Roosevelt in 1932 in which you identify the key challenges facing the American economy and the American people. Include a BRIEF outline of how you plan to address these challenges if you are elected president. (30)

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QUESTION 3: HOW DID EUGENICS AND ANTI-SEMITISM LEAD TO MASS MURDER IN THE THIRD REICH?

Refer to Sources 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D and 3E.

3.1 Refer to Source 3A and your own knowledge.

3.1.1 Hitler's ideas show him to be a supporter of eugenics. Use your

own words to explain this concept clearly andindicate who is

viewed as the Father of the Eugenics movement. 1+2 (3)

3.1.2 Nazi ideology was influenced by the ideas of eugenicists such as de

Gobineau and Galton. Use two clues from Source 3A to indicate that

this statement is true. 2x2 (4)

3.1.3 According to the source, what fundamental rights and freedoms

were taken away from German Jews in the early years of Nazi

Germany? 2x2 (4)

3.2 Refer to Source 3A, 3B and your own knowledge:

3.2.1 Explain how Hitler's basic principles of the 'purity of the blood'

and the master race divided the German people into Aryan and non-

Aryan citizens. 2x3 (6)

3.3 Refer to Source 3B and your own knowledge:

3.3.1 Using clues from Source 3B explain how racial anti-Semitic

policies made it increasingly difficult for Jews to live normally in

Nazi Germany. 3x2 (6)

3.4 Refer to Source 3C (C1 and C2) and your own knowledge.

3.4.1 The practices illustrated in photographs C1 and C2

indicate that many Germans e.g. doctors, bureaucrats, party officials,

scientists, etc were involved to carry out Nazi ideology. Explain three

possible reasons why these individuals chose to become perpetrators.

3x2 (6)

3.4.2 Trained scientists and doctors assisted with the application of

Nazi racial policies as illustrated in Source C1 and C2. What

were some of the moral and ethical issues that confronted

these professionals when they had to carry out these practices?

Explain your reasoning in each case. 2x2 (4)

3.5 Paragraph writing: After the events that became known as

Kristallnacht, shown in Source 3D, Max Rein, an historian,

remarked that the course of events in Nazi Germany

'changed forever'. By referring to anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany

as illustrated in Source 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D, indicate whether you

agree or disagree with Max Rein's observation.

(7)

Question 3.5.1 will be assessed using the following rubric:

Level / Criteria / Marks
1 / Sources not used efficiently. Too many omissions. Poor argumentation skills.
Poor linking of ideas to show synthesis and understanding. Communication of ideas haphazard. / Not achieved 0-2
2 / Some sources used but inadequate factual detail. Adequate skills demonstrated to show basic argumentation. Limited understanding and presentation of ideas lacking in parts. / Partially achieved 3-4
3 / Solid understanding of the content and demonstrated competent skills in presentation. Content adequate with glimpses of level 4 and argumentation is intact. / Achieved 5-6
4 / Excellent content and ideas have been expertly communicated. Outstanding analysis and linking of ideas to show argumentation. / Achieved with
excellence 7

3.6 Refer to Source 3E.

3.6.1 What is the warning that Coppel gives aboutbystander behaviour? (5)

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3.7 EXTENDED WRITING(Your written response should be 2 - 2½ pages).

Answer ONE of the following questions in essay format.

3.7.1To what extent did Eugenics and Social Darwinism led to the mass

murder of the Jews in Nazi occupied Europe? (30)

3.7.2 ‘Bystanders, people who witness but are not directly affected by the

actions of perpetrators, help shape society by their decisions.’

Using all the sources and your own knowledge, critically discuss whether this

was true for German society under Nazi rule. (30)

75 marks.

2x75 = 150 marks.