THEORY AND RESEARCH1
The Relationship between Theory and Research
Michelle Guthrie Yarwood
Penn State University
Before writing running head in header, follow these instructions:
- Select the header.
- Under “Design” tab, place a checkmark next to “different first page.”
- You will need to type the running head on the first page and the second page.
- On the second page, the words “running head” are now removed.
Abstract
Your abstract goes here. The abstract should be 250 words or less. In the Abstract, the first sentence of the abstract is not indented. In the abstract, you will provide a brief summary of the content you will be discussing in your paper.
Keywords: applied social psychology, theory, research
The Relationship between Theory and Research[MFY1]
Do not place an “Introduction heading” here. Just start writing. After the first introductory paragraph, you might consider using APA headings to organize the information in your literature review.This section should be written in the following order: 1) Topic & Context 2) Literature Review: Study Details 3) Literature: Linking Studies to Intervention 4) Summary of Past Research and Thesis 5) Future Directions/Gap in research.[WW2]
This is the beginning of the paper. Ensure that you have the correct font, double-spacing, etc. From this point forward, the first sentence of each paragraph should be indented.
If you are talking about an idea from the book (or any source) an in-text citation is necessary. Applied social psychology is subsumed under the field of social psychology (Schneider, Gruman, & Coutts, 2012).
Later in the paper, if you would like to use an in-text citation mentioned previously in your paper, ensure to shorten the citation using et al. Only use et al. if 3 or more authors exist. Research methods and theory are dependent on each other (Schneider et al., 2012).
The appropriate APA level headings are below.
Level 1 Main Heading[MFY3][WW4]
Level 2 Heading[MFY5]
Level 3 Heading.[MFY6]
Level 4 Heading[WW7].
Level 5 Heading.[WW8]
Below, is an example using APA heading levels. Within the literature review, I strongly suggest using APA headings to organize similar information together and to provide a transition for the reader.
Self-esteem[WW9]
Define self-esteem here, types of self-esteem, any broad information.
Global Self-esteem[WW10]
Describe global self-esteem here and research on global self-esteem.
Domain-specific Self-Esteem[WW11]
Domain-specific self-esteem
Domain-specific self-esteem: Sports[WW12]
Describe domain-specific self-esteem of sports
Domain-specific self-esteem: Math
Describe domain-specific self-esteem of math
Stability of Self-esteem[WW13]
Self-Recognition
Conclusion[WW14]
References
References begin here in ABC order. Refer to APA book, OWL website, or OWL blog to see
types of references. After the first line, subsequent lines should be indented.
Reference page should be double-spaced.
For the journal title, only the first word and words after colons are capitalized.
Ensure the journal and book titles are italicized. Volume numbers, not issue numbers, are
reported in the reference.
For Empirical Journal Article:
Knee, C.R. (1998). Implicit theories of relationships: Assessment and prediction of romanticrelationship initiation, coping, and longevity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 360-370.
For Chapter in an Edited Book
Grolnick, W. S., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1997). Internalization within the family: The self-determination theory perspective. In J. E. Grusec & L. Kuczynski (Eds.), Parenting and children's internalization of values: A handbook of contemporary theory (pp. 135-161). Hoboken, NJ, US: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[MFY1]Repeat your APA Title here
[WW2]Do not use these as your headings. Use appropriate headings based on your contents. For example: personality and intelligence; personality and temperament.
[MFY3]Centered, Boldface, Uppercase, and Lowercase Heading
If you use this heading, you must have at least 2 of these headings
[WW4]You can copy the heading here or use format painter in Word.
[MFY5]Flush Left, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading
If using this heading, then you must have 2 of these types of headings in this section.
[MFY6]Indented, boldface, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.
If you use a Level 3 Heading, you must have at least 2 of them within this section.
[WW7]Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.
If you use a Level 4 Heading, you must have at least 2 of them within this section.
[WW8]Indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.
If you use a Level 5 Heading, you must have at least 2 of them within this section.
[WW9]This is a Level 1 heading
[WW10]Level 2 heading
[WW11]Level 2
[WW12]Level 3 heading
[WW13]Level 2
[WW14]These are level 1 headings