The Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1905-1909
NMC359HS
Bancroft Hall, Room 323
Winter 2005
Monday, 4-6 p.m.
Website:
CCNet Website:
Required Reading:
On-line and print packets
Suggested Texts
Janet Afary, The Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1906-1911: Grassroots Democracy, Social Democracy, and the Origins of Feminism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996).
Mangol Bayat, Iran's First Revolution: Shi‘ism and the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1909 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991).
Edward G. Browne, The Persian Constitutional Revolution, 1905-1909 (Facsimile reprint 1910; [Washington, DC: Mage Publishers, 1995).
Cosroe Chaqueri, Origins of Social Democracy in Modern Iran (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001).
Reading and Discussion Schedule
Week 1, January 3: Definitions
Week 2, January 10: Historicizing Revolutions
Required Readings:
Ervand Abrahamian, The Causes of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3. (Aug., 1979), pp. 381-414.
Stable URL:
Nikki R. Keddie, Iranian Revolutions in Comparative Perspective, The American Historical Review, Vol. 88, No. 3. (Jun., 1983), pp. 579-598.
Stable URL:
Nader Sohrabi, Historicizing Revolutions: Constitutional Revolutions in the Ottoman Empire, Iran, and Russia, 1905-1908, The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 100, No. 6. (May, 1995), pp. 1383-1447.
Stable URL:
Mansour Bonakdarian, "A World Born Through the Chamber of a Revolver : Revolutionary Violence, Culture, and Modernity in Iran, 1905-1911," Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 25:2 (2005).
Said Amir Arjomand, Iran's Islamic Revolution in Comparative Perspective, World Politics, Vol. 38, No. 3. (Apr., 1986), pp. 383-414.
Stable URL:
Suggested Readings:
Hafez F. Farmayan, "Observations on Sources for the Study of Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Iranian History," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1. (Jan., 1974), pp. 32-49.
Stable URL:
Week 3, January 17: Oriental Despotism?
Required Readings:
Homa Katouzian, "The Aridisolatic Society: A Model of Long-Term Social and Economic Development in Iran," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 15, No. 2. (May, 1983), pp. 259-281.
Stable URL:
Homa Katouzian, "Arbitrary Rule: A Comparative Theory of State, Politics and Society in Iran," British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 24, No. 1. (May, 1997), pp. 49-73.
Stable URL:
Ervand Abrahamian, Oriental Despotism: The Case of Qajar Iran, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1. (Jan., 1974), pp. 3-31.
Stable URL:
Hafez Farmayan, "Portrait of a Nineteenth-Century Iranian Statesman: The Life and Times of Grand Vizier Amin ud-Dawlah, 1844-1904," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3. (Aug., 1983), pp. 337-351.
Stable URL:
Week 4, January 24: Transformations
Required Readings:
Gad G. Gilbar, "The Opening Up of Qajar Iran: Some Economic and Social Aspects," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 49, No. 1, In Honour of Ann K. S. Lambton. (1986), pp. 76-89.
Stable URL:
Hassan Hakimian, "Wage Labor and Migration: Persian Workers in Southern Russia, 1880-1914," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 17, No. 4. (Nov., 1985), pp. 443-462.
Stable URL:
Cosroe Chaqueri, "Transformation of the Economic System," in Origins of Social Democracy iin Modern Iran (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001), 45-76.
Week 5, January 31: Becoming National
Required Readings:
Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi, "Fractured Memories," in Refashioning Iran: Orientalism,Occidentalism,and Nationalist Historiography Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001).
Firoozeh Kashani-Sabet, Fragile Frontiers: The Diminishing Domains of Qajar Iran, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2. (May, 1997), pp. 205-234.
Stable URL:
Juan R. I. Cole, "Iranian Millenarianism and Democratic Thought in the 19th Century,"
International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 24, No. 1. (Feb., 1992), pp. 1-26.
Stable URL:
Nikki R. Keddie, "The Origins of the Religious-Radical Alliance in Iran," Past and Present, No. 34. (Jul., 1966), pp. 70-80.
Stable URL:
Mangol Bayat Philipp, "The Concepts of Religion and Government in the Thought of Mirza Aqa Khan Kirmani, a Nineteenth-Century Persian Revolutionary," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 5, No. 4. (Sep., 1974), pp. 381-400.
Stable URL:
Juan R. I. Cole: "The Provincial Politics of Heresy and Reform in Qajar Iran: Shaykh al-Ra'is in Shiraz, 1895-1902," Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 22 (2005).
Week 6, February7: Patriotism and Matriotism
Required Readings:
Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi, "Patriotic and Matriotic Homeland (Vatan)," Refashioning Iran: Orientalism,Occidentalism,and Nationalist Historiography Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001).
Afsaneh Najmabadi, "The Erotic Vatan [Homeland] as Beloved and Mother: To Love, to Possess, and To Protect (in Routes of Nationalism)," Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 39, No. 3. (Jul., 1997), pp. 442-467.
Stable URL:
Week 7, February 14: Reading Week!
Week 8, February 21: Revolutionary Populism
Required Readings:
John Foran, The Strengths and Weaknesses of Iran's Populist Alliance: A Class Analysis of the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1911, Theory and Society, Vol. 20, No. 6. (Dec., 1991), pp. 795-823.
Stable URL:
M. Reza Afshari, The Historians of the Constitutional Movement and the Making of the Iranian Populist Tradition, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 25, No. 3. (Aug., 1993), pp. 477-494.
Stable URL:
Week 9, February 28: Social Forces and Alliances
Mohammad Reza Afshari, The Pishivaran and Merchants in Precapitalist Iranian Society: An Essay on the Background and Causes of the Constitutional Revolution, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 15, No. 2. (May, 1983), pp. 133-155.
Stable URL:
Houri Berberian, "Traversing Boundaries and Selves: Iranian-Armenian Identity during the Iranian Consitutional Revolution," Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 25:2 (2005).
Eden Naby, "The Assyrians of Iran: Reunification of a "Millat," 1906-1914," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2. (Apr., 1977), pp. 237-249.
Stable URL:
Arash Khazeni, "The Bakhtiyari Tribe in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution," Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 25:2 (2005).
Janet Afary, Peasant Rebellions of the Caspian Region during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1906-1909, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 23, No. 2. (May, 1991), pp. 137-161.
Stable URL:
Richard Tapper, "Raiding, Reaction and Rivalry: The Shahsevan Tribes in the Constitutional Period," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 49, No. 3. (1986), pp. 508-531.
Stable URL:
Gene R. Garthwaite, "The Bakhtiyari Khans, the Government of Iran, and the British, 1846-1915," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1. (Jan., 1972), pp. 24-44.
Stable URL:
Week 10, March 7: Transnational Forces and Alliances
Required Readings:
Ira Klein, "British Intervention in the Persian Revolution, 1905-1909," The Historical Journal, Vol. 15, No. 4. (Dec., 1972), pp. 731-752.
Stable URL:
David McLean, "A Professor Extraordinary: E. G. Browne and His Persian Campaign 1908-1913 (in Communications)," The Historical Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2. (Jun., 1978), pp. 399-408.
Stable URL:
Nikki R. Keddie, British Policy and the Iranian Opposition 1901-1907, The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 39, No. 3. (Sep., 1967), pp. 266-282.
Stable URL:
Mansour Bonakdarian, Iranian Constitutional Exiles and British Foreign-Policy Dissenters, 1908-9, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 27, No. 2. (May, 1995), pp. 175-191.
Stable URL:
Mansour Bonakdarian, "The Persia Committee and the Constitutional Revolution in Iran," British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2. (1991), pp. 186-207.
Stable URL:
D. McLean, "English Radicals, Russia, and the Fate of Persia 1907-1913 (in Notes and Documents)," The English Historical Review, Vol. 93, No. 367. (Apr., 1978), pp. 338-352.
Stable URL:
Rose Louise Greaves, "Some Aspects of the Anglo-Russian Convention and Its Working in Persia, 1907-14--I," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 31, No. 1. (1968), pp. 69-91.
Stable URL:
Thomas P. Brockway, "Britain and the Persian Bubble, 1888-92," The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 13, No. 1. (Mar., 1941), pp. 36-47.
Stable URL:
A. P. Thornton, "British Policy in Persia, 1858-1890," The English Historical Review, Vol. 70, No. 274. (Jan., 1955), pp. 55-71.
Stable URL:
Week 11, March 14: The Bases of the Iran Constitution
Required Readings:
The Farman of 5 August 1906 [14 JUMADI II 1324]
The Electoral Law of 9 September 1906 [20 RAJAB 1324]
The Fundamental Laws of 30 December 1906 [14 Zul Qa‘dah 1324]
The Supplementary Fundamental Laws of 7 October 1907 [29 Sha‘ban 1325]
The New Electoral Law of 1 July 1909 [12 Jamadi II 1327]
A. Farmanfarma, "Constitutional Law of Iran (in Comments)," The American Journal of Comparative Law, Vol. 3, No. 2. (Spring, 1954), pp. 241-247.
Stable URL:
Janet Afary, "Civil Liberties and the Making of Iran’s First Constitution,"Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 25:2 (2005).
Week 12, March 21: Journalism and the Public Sphere
Ali Gheissari, "Despots of the World Unite!Satire in the Iranian Constitutional Press: The Majalleh-ye Estebdad (1907-1908)," Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East 25:2 (2005).
Week 13, March 28:
Symposium on the Centenial of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution
Week 14, April 5: Rethinking the Ceonstitutional Revolution
Further Readings:
Asghar Fathi, "Role of the Traditional Leader in Modernization of Iran, 1890-1910," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 11, No. 1. (Feb., 1980), pp. 87-98.
Stable URL:
Asghar Fathi, "The Role of the 'Rebels' in the Constitutional Movement in Iran," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1. (Feb., 1979), pp. 55-66.
Stable URL:
S. H. Taqizadeh, Some Chronological Data Relating to the Sasanian Period, Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol. 9, No. 1. (1937), pp. 125-139.
Stable URL:
Bernard Lewis, "On the Quietist and Activist Traditions in Islamic Political Writing," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 49, No. 1, In Honour of Ann K. S. Lambton. (1986), pp. 141-147.
Stable URL:
Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi, "Refashioning Iran: Language and Culture During the Constitutional Revolution," Iranian Studies 23: 1-4 (1990), 77-101.
Dwight E. Lee, "The Origins of Pan-Islamism (in Notes and Suggestions)," The American Historical Review, Vol. 47, No. 2. (Jan., 1942), pp. 278-287.
Stable URL:
Nathan J. Brown, Sharia and State in the Modern Muslim Middle East, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 29, No. 3. (Aug., 1997), pp. 359-376.
Stable URL:
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Palmira Brummett, Dogs, Women, Cholera, and Other Menaces in the Streets: Cartoon Satire in the Ottoman Revolutionary Press, 1908-11, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 27, No. 4. (Nov., 1995), pp. 433-460.
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M. B. Loraine, A Memoir on the Life and Poetical Works of Maliku'l-Shu'Ara' Bahar, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2. (Apr., 1972), pp. 140-168.
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Lawrence Stone, Theories of Revolution, World Politics, Vol. 18, No. 2. (Jan., 1966), pp. 159-176.
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Stanley Rothman, Barrington Moore and the Dialectics of Revolution: An Essay Review, The American Political Science Review, Vol. 64, No. 1. (Mar., 1970), pp. 61-82.
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Lewis W. Beck, Kant and the Right of Revolution (in Symposium: Kant on Revolution), Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 32, No. 3. (Jul. - Sep., 1971), pp. 411-422.
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Vernon F. Snow, The Concept of Revolution in Seventeenth-Century England (in Communications), The Historical Journal, Vol. 5, No. 2. (1962), pp. 167-174.
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James C. Davies, Toward a Theory of Revolution, American Sociological Review, Vol. 27, No. 1. (Feb., 1962), pp. 5-19.
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Gene Burns, Ideology, Culture, and Ambiguity: The Revolutionary Process in Iran, Theory and Society, Vol. 25, No. 3. (Jun., 1996), pp. 349-388.
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Mansoor Moaddel, Ideology as Episodic Discourse: The Case of the Iranian Revolution, American Sociological Review, Vol. 57, No. 3. (Jun., 1992), pp. 353-379.
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John Foran, "Theories of Revolution Revisited: Toward a Fourth Generation?," Sociological Theory, Vol. 11, No. 1. (Mar., 1993), pp. 1-20.
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John Foran; Jeff Goodwin, Revolutionary Outcomes in Iran and Nicaragua: Coalition Fragmentation, War, and the Limits of Social Transformation, Theory and Society, Vol. 22, No. 2. (Apr., 1993), pp. 209-247.
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David Zaret, "Petitions and the "Invention" of Public Opinion in the English Revolution," The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 101, No. 6. (May, 1996), pp. 1497-1555.
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Joseph Krause, "Interpreting the Bicentennial of the French Revolution," The French Review, Vol. 64, No. 1. (Oct., 1990), pp. 3-11.
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John Foran, "The Modes of Production Approach to Seventeenth-Century Iran," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 20, No. 3. (Aug., 1988), pp. 345-363.
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Mansoor Moaddel, "The Shi'i Ulama and the State in Iran," Theory and Society, Vol. 15, No. 4. (Jul., 1986), pp. 519-556.
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Nikki R. Keddie, "The Iranian Power Structure and Social Change 1800-1969: An Overview," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1. (Jan., 1971), pp. 3-20.
Stable URL:
Ervand Abrahamian, "Communism and Communalism in Iran: The Tudah and the Firqah-I Dimukrat," International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 1, No. 4. (Oct., 1970), pp. 291-316.
Stable URL:
Shaul Bakhash, Iran, The American Historical Review, Vol. 96, No. 5. (Dec., 1991), pp. 1479-1496.
Stable URL:
Daniel A. Bradburd, National Conditions and Local-Level Political Structures: Patronage in Prerevolutionary Iran (in Sociocultural Differentiation: Political and Economic Perspectives), American Ethnologist, Vol. 10, No. 1. (Feb., 1983), pp. 23-40.
Stable URL:
Habib Ladjevardi, The Origins of U.S. Support for an Autocratic Iran, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 15, No. 2. (May, 1983), pp. 225-239.
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Homa Katouzian, Problems of Political Development in Iran: Democracy, Dictatorship or Arbitrary Government? British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 22, No. 1/2. (1995), pp. 5-20.
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Shahrough Akhavi, The Ideology and Praxis of Shi'ism in the Iranian Revolution (in Religion and Communal Power), Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 25, No. 2. (Apr., 1983), pp. 195-221.
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Roger M. Savory, The Principle of Homeostasis Considered in Relation to Political Events in Iran in the 1960's, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 3, No. 3. (Jul., 1972), pp. 282-302.
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Mohammad H. Faghfoory, The Ulama-State Relations in Iran: 1921-1941, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 19, No. 4. (Nov., 1987), pp. 413-432.
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Nikki R. Keddie, Iran: Change in Islam; Islam and Change, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 11, No. 4. (Jul., 1980), pp. 527-542.
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Hammed Shahidian, The Iranian Left and the "Woman Question" in the Revolution of 1978-79, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2. (May, 1994), pp. 223-247.
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John R. Perry, Language Reform in Turkey and Iran, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 17, No. 3. (Aug., 1985), pp. 295-311.
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Asghar Fathi, The Role of the 'Rebels' in the Constitutional Movement in Iran, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1. (Feb., 1979), pp. 55-66.
Stable URL:
M. B. Loraine, A Memoir on the Life and Poetical Works of Maliku'l-Shu'Ara' Bahar, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2. (Apr., 1972), pp. 140-168.
Stable URL: