MAIN FINDINGS

The important findings of the survey conducted at Jaipur centre are given below:

SCOPE OF SURVEY

  1. The survey covered workers engaged in four organised sectors of employment viz. Registered Factories, Electricity Generating and Distributing Establishments, Public Motor Transport Undertakings and Railways.
  1. The total number of working class families covered during the survey was 216.

ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF THE CENTRE

  1. The estimated total number of working class families as defined for the purpose of the survey was about 36.66 thousand.
  1. The estimated total number of employees in these families was about 42.72 thousand.
  1. The average monthly income per employee from paid employment worked out to Rs. 4322.11 at current prices as compared to Rs. 564.79 in 1981-82. At constant prices of 1982, it was however Rs. 1085.96.
  1. ‘Manufacture of Basic Iron & Steel’ industry dominated in terms of employment.
  1. About 93 per cent of the total employees were employed on a regular basis, 5.66 per cent were on casual basis and the remaining 0.88 per cent on contractual basis.

FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS

  1. The average size of a working class family worked out to be 3.82 persons, of which 1.05 were earners, 0.19 earning dependants and 2.58 non-earning dependants. The average family consisted of 1.47 men, 0.98 women and 1.37 children.
  1. The modal family size was with ‘four and five’ members.
  1. The estimated total number of family members was 1.40 lakh, out of which 55.97 per cent were males. Of the total family members, 45.14 per cent were married, 2.36 per cent were widowed and the remaining 52.50 per cent were un-married, which included of 35.87 per cent family members in the age group of below 15 years.
  1. The dependency ratio was 584/1000.
  1. Around 19 percent of the family members (5 years of age and above) were illiterate and about 5 per cent were graduates and above.
  1. Around 33 per cent of the family members (5 years of age and above) were employees and about 63 per cent were not in labour force.
  1. Of all the families, 95.20 per cent of the families had one earner and remaining 4.80 per cent had two earners.

FAMILY INCOME AND RECEIPTS

  1. The average monthly income per family and per capita worked out to Rs. 5867.67 and Rs. 1537.60 respectively at current prices as compared to Rs. 775.07 and Rs. 191.77 respectively in 1981-82. At constant prices of 1982, however, the average monthly income per family and per capita worked out to Rs. 1474.29 and Rs. 386.33 respectively.
  1. As much as 85.84 per cent of the total average monthly income came from paid employment.
  1. Within the paid employment, basic wages and allowances contributed more than 81 per cent of the total income.

FAMILY EXPENDITURE AND DISBURSEMENTS

  1. The average expenditure per family worked out to Rs. 4472.66 at current prices, of which, Rs. 4245.01 was on consumption expenditure and Rs. 227.65 was on non-consumption expenditure. The monthly expenditure per family was Rs. 682.62 and Rs. 135.36 respectively in 1981-82 and 1958-59. At constant prices 1960, however, the average expenditure per family worked out to Rs. 217.33 and Rs. 141.04 in 1999-2000 and 1981-82 respectively.
  1. Within consumption expenditure, the share of food items was 44.37 per cent.
  1. Around 77 per cent of the families had spent less than 45 percent of their total expenditure on food.
  1. There was a significant decline in the percentage of families reporting expenditure on, tobaccotobacco products, household services, interest, litigation, remittances and debts repaid as compared to 1981-82 survey.
  1. The percentage of families reporting expenditure on pan, supari, alcoholic beverages, furniture & furnishings, medical care, personal care, education & reading and transportcommunication increased during 1999-2000 as compared to 1981-82 survey with the maximum jump on transport & communication.

FOOD CONSUMPTION

  1. The average monthly quantity of Cereals and Cereal Products consumed per family worked out to 39.15 Kg, of which major share was accounted for by wheat (29.54 Kg.) and wheat atta (5.82 Kg). The per capita per month consumption of Cereals and Cereal Products was 10.25 Kg.
  1. The average monthly consumption of milk per family has increased to 26.29 litres from 20.19 litres in 1981-82 survey.

BUDGETARY POSITION

  1. About 79 per cent of families recorded average surplus income. The average surplus income over per family expenditure was recorded at Rs. 1395.01.

INDEBTEDNESS

  1. The average amount of outstanding debt per indebted family worked out to be Rs. 17627.65.
  1. The incidence of indebtedness worked out to be 18.91 per cent during 1999-2000 as compared to 53.87 per cent in 1981-82 survey.
  1. Employer was the main source of loans.
  1. The proportion of families availing loans from friends & relatives rose substantially upto 33.16 per cent as compared to 9.87 per cent in 1981-82 survey. Further about 18 per cent of the indebted families have raised loans from the money lenders.

HOUSING

  1. Of all the families, 89.29 per cent had made their own arrangements for accommodation and the remaining 10.71 per cent were provided dwellings by the employers.
  1. The tap constituted the main source of drinking water with 95.24 per cent families reported under this source, of which equal proportion of families accounted for within dwellings and outside dwellings.
  1. The percentage of families enjoying basic amenities like kitchen, bathroom, latrine and electricity was 61.90 per cent, 90.48 per cent, 92.86 per cent and 98.81 per cent respectively.
  1. Majority of the families i.e. about 98 per cent of the families were residing in independent houses. Further none of the families were reported to be residing in Chawl & bustees and flats.

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Jaipur