The following list provides some examples of clinical cases from which ESA-type scenarios may be developed.

A patient …

  • With acute or chronic recurrent central chest pain
  • With heart failure
  • With hypertension and its common complications
  • With problems from anaemia
  • With a swollen painful leg
  • With intermittent claudication
  • Who needs intravenous fluid therapy
  • Who needs cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Who smokes
  • Who has wheezy breathlessness
  • With either acute or chronic productive cough or with haemoptysis
  • With progressive breathlessness
  • With respiratory failure from any of its causes
  • With a hoarse voice
  • With a ligamentous injury or dislocation or bone fracture affecting a limb or a major joint or the spine
  • With problems from a bone disorder related to its growth or vascularity or mineralization, or its endocrine or genetic regulation.
  • With dysphagia
  • Who may be depressed
  • Who has been vomiting
  • Who has jaundice or ascites or both
  • With a pancreatic problem and any of its GI tract or endocrine consequences
  • Who has either acute or chronic diarrhoea
  • Who has rectal bleeding
  • With poor treatment compliance
  • Who has either acute or chronic blood loss from the GI tract
  • Who has anaemia from any of its causes related to the GI tract
  • Who has a problem with impaired voiding or with incontinence
  • Who has problems from an upper or a lower urinary tract infection
  • A patient with renal failure from any of its causes and to any degree
  • With any type of diabetes mellitus
  • Who is diabetic and has problems from its common complications
  • With a pituitary problem and any of its endocrine or neurological consequences
  • With a thyroid problem and any of its endocrine consequences
  • With an adrenal problem and any of its endocrine consequences
  • Who has a problem with body weight
  • Who has abnormal palpable lymph nodes in the neck
  • With a lump in the groin or scrotum or testis related to physical activity
  • Who has an inherited disorder or a family history with genetic implications
  • With contraceptive needs or a normal pregnancy
  • With an abnormality of fetal growth and development
  • Who has abnormal menstruation
  • With an abnormal cervical smear
  • With a breast lump or local or disseminated breast malignancy
  • With chronic headache or with acute severe headache
  • Who has a head Injury with a disturbance of consciousness
  • Who suddenly experiences a hemiparesis
  • Who developed various neurological problems over some years
  • With chronic disability
  • With a progressive movement disorder
  • Developing loss of vision or other visual disturbance
  • Who is elderly, confused or depressed or demented and needs residential care
  • Who has psychological problems related to a physical illness