THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
MINISTRY OF WATER, IRRIGATION AND ENERGY
Ethiopian Nile Irrigation and drainage project
FINAL RESETLEMENT ACTION PLAN FOR RIBB IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT: PHASE I
aUGUST 2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Abbreviations
Executive Summary
Chapter 1 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1.1Project Context
1.2Ethiopian Nile Irrigation and Drainage Project
1.3Ribb Irrigation and Drainage Project(RIDP)
1.4Scope and Aim of the Resettlement Action Plan
1.5Constraints in Preparation ofRAP
1.6Structure of the RAP
Chapter 2 – Approach and Methodology
2.1Social screening Stage
2.2Survey and Consultation Stage
2.3Process of Quality Control of Data
2.4Report Preparation Stage
Chapter 3 –Profile of the Project Area AND IMPACTED POPULATION
3.1Socio-Economic environment
3.2Socio-Economic Profile of the Project area
3.3Social Services and Infrastructure
3.4Major Government Programs/Projects/Plans on-going in the Project Area
3.6Household Baseline Status of PAHs of RIDP Phase I
3.7Socio-Economic Profile of PAH of RIDP Phase I
Chapter 4 – stakeholder consultations
4.1Stakeholder workshops
4.2Community Consultations
4.3Institutional Consultations at Fogera
4.4Institutional Consultations at Libo-kemkem
4.5Institutional Consultations at Regional BoEPLAU
Chapter 5 – Assessment of PROJECT IMPACTS
5.1Potential Positive Impacts
5.2Adverse Impacts
5.3 Assessment of Likely Adverse Impacts
5.4Construction Stage Impacts
5.6Cut-Off date
5.7Summary of Impacts
Chapter 6 – Applicable Legal Framework
6.1National Legislation and Practice
6.2World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12) on Involuntary Resettlement
6.3Comparison between GoE legislations and WB OP 4.12
6.4Resettlement Policy Framework
CHAPTER 7 – COMPENSATION, LAND REDISTRIBUTION AND PROCESSES
7.1Mitigation measures for Preconstruction Stage Impacts
7.2Mitigation measures for Construction Stage Impacts
7.3Process of compensation and handing over of land
7.4Training Programs
7.5Database of Information
CHAPTER 8. Livelihood Restoration, GENDER Issues and Vulnerable Groups
8.1 Livelihood restoration:
8.2 Gender Mainstreaming:
8.2.1Gender Analysis
8.2.2Gender Strategy and Action Plan
8.2.3Specific mitigation measures
8.2.4.Role of Women in Monitoring and Evaluation
8.2.5Representation in Committees and Institutions
8.3 Provisions for Vulnerable Households
8.3.1 Differential Impact on Vulnerable Households
8.3.2 Mitigation measures
Chapter 9– Institutional and Organizational Framework
9.1National Level
9.2Regional Level
9.3Woreda Level
9.4Reporting linkages
Chapter 10 – Budget Estimate FOR RAP IMPLEMENTATION
10.1Applicable rates for compensation computation
10.2Budget Estimates
CHAPTER 11 – IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES AND SCHEDULE
11.1Construction Schedule of Phase I
11.2Implementation Activities
11.3Green Light conditions
Chapter 12 – Disclosure, ConsultationAndParticipation Plan
12.1Disclosure of RAP
12.2 Existing Perceptions and Expectations
12.3Existing channels of communication
12.4Principles and Objectives of Participation and Communication
12.5Participation and Communication Strategy and Plan for RAP implementation
12.6Issues for Dissemination and Participation
12.7Consultations with Communities excluded from Phase I Area
Chapter 13 – Monitoring and Evaluation
13.1Monitoring and Evaluation Framework of ENIDP
13.2M&E Structure – Scope and Responsibilities
13.3Monitoring of RAP Implementation
13.4External Evaluation
Chapter 14 – Grievance Redressal
14.1Types of likely Grievances
14.2Need for Grievance Redressal Mechanism
14.3Grievance Redressal Mechanism
14.4Kebele level Grievance Redressal
14.5Woreda level Grievance Redressal
14.6Regional level Grievance Redressal
14.7Time Frame for Operation
List of Tables, Photos, Figures, Boxes, Annexures and Appendices
Table / Content1.2 / Structure of the Resettlement Action Plan
3.1 / Area and Population density of the affected Woredas, Zone and Region
3.2 / Population by disaggregated by sex in each Woredas, Zone and Region
3.3 / Population segregated by sex in each affected kebeles of RIDP Phase I
3.4 / Livestock Population in the Project kebeles of RIDP Phase I
3.5 / Social Service institutions in the project affected kebelesof RIDP Phase I
4.1 / Summary of key issues of Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
4.2 / Community Consultations: Key issues raised and responses
4.3 / Focus Group Discussions: Key issues raised and responses
5.1 / No. of PAHs and PAPs by Woreda and Kebele in RIDP Phase I
5.2 / Quantum of land lost by Woreda and Kebele in RIDP Phase I
5.3 / Type of land impacted land (in ha) in RIDP Phase I
5.4 / Type of ownership of impacted land in RIDP Phase I
5.5 / Details on communal grazing land (total and affected) (in ha) by kebele in RIDP Phase I
5.6 / Number and Type of Structures impacted by Woreda and Kebele
5.7 / Number of impacted Eucalyptus trees (by no. and size) in RIDP Phase I
5.8 / Number of Perennial Crops impacted by RIDP Phase I
5.9 / Number of Community or Common Property Impacted by Woreda
5.10 / Number of Vulnerable Households by Woreda and Kebele in RIDP Phase I
5.11 / Number of Community or Common Property Impacted by Woreda in RIDP Phase I
5.12 / Summary of Impacts of RIDP Phase I
6.1 / Comparison between Government of Ethiopia’s Legislation and World Bank’s OP 4.12
6.2 / Entitlement Framework of RIDP
8.1 / Gender Sensitive Monitoring Indicators
9.1 / Implementation Activities along with responsibility of agencies involved
10.1 / Consolidated Budget for RAP Implementation of RIDP Phase I
12.1 / Implementation Schedule of RAP of Ribb Irrigation Phase I
13.1 / Performance Indicators for RAP implementation
13.2 / Broad parameters for assessing quality of life
Photos
4.1 / Community Consultations at Kebeles
Figures
1.1 / Layout Map of the command area of Ribb Irrigation and Drainage Project by Phase
1.2 / Figure 1.2 River Training Work (RIDP)
9.1 / Overall Information and Reporting Links for RAP implementation
12.1 / Communication gaps and risks
13.1 / Reporting linkages for Internal Monitoring
13.2 / Information and Reporting linkages for External Evaluation
Boxes
7.1 & 7.2 / National Strategic Plan for Malaria Prevention, Control and Elimination in Ethiopia, 2010-2015
14.1 / Essentials in Grievance Redressal
Annexures
2.1 / List of documents referred
3.1 / Household Baseline Survey Findings for RIDP Phase I and By Woreda
3.2 / Socio-Economic Survey Findings for RIDP Phase I and By Woreda
4.1 / List of Officials met
6.1 / Key Definitions
12.1 / Project Fact Sheet
13.1 / Indicators for Internal Monitoring
13.2 / External Evaluation of implementation of resettlement action plan of RIDP
Appendices / (In soft copy - CD)
2.1 / Survey instruments
3.1 / Household Baseline Survey Findings
3.2 / Socio-Economic Survey Findings
4.1 / Fogera Consultations – Minutes and list of participants
4.2 / Libo-kemkem Consultations – Minutes and list of participants
4.3 / Stakeholder Consultations
5.1 / Map of Affected Parcels and List of Land Parcels for Compensation
5.2 / List of Vulnerable Households
10.1 / Compensation Computation
List of Abbreviations
ANRS / Amhara National Regional StateASCI / Amhara Savings and Credit Institution
BCC / Behavioural Change Communication
BoARD / Bureau for Agricultural and Rural Development
BoEPLAU / Bureau of Environmental Protection and Land Administration Use
BoFED / Bureau for Finance and Economic Development
CSA / Central Statistical Agency
EC / Ethiopian Calendar
ENIDP / Ethiopian Nile Irrigation and Drainage Project
ENSAP / Eastern Nile Subsidiary Action Program
ETB / Ethiopian Birr
FDRE / Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
FGD / Focus Group Discussion
GoE / Government of Ethiopia
GRM / Grievance Redressal Mechanism
HEW / Health Extension Worker
IEC / Information Education and Communication
LDA / Livestock Development Agency
LLIN / Long Lasting Insecticidal Net
M & E / Monitoring and Evaluation
MoWIE / Ministry of Water and Energy
NPC / National Project Coordinator
NPSC / National Project Steering Committee
OP / Operational Policy
OP 4.12 / Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement
OoEPLAU / Office of Environmental Protection and Land Administration Use
PAH / Project Affected Household
PAP / Project Affected Person
PSNP / Productive Safety Net Program
RAP / Resettlement Action Plan
RPF / Resettlement Policy Framework
RPSC / Regional Project Steering Committee
SDS / Social Development Specialist
WB / The World Bank
WoARD / Woreda office of Agricultural and Rural Development
WoFED / Woreda office of Finance and Economic Development
WPITs / Woreda Project Implementation Teams
Executive Summary
Context
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) in agreement with the World Bank has prepared the Ethiopian Nile Irrigation and Drainage Project (ENIDP) that will finance up to 20,000 ha of new irrigated agriculture and complete detailed feasibility studies up to 80,000 ha of land. The Project Development Objective is to sustainably increase agricultural output and productivity in project areas. The schemes to be financed under the project include: Megech Pump (at Seraba) Irrigation and Drainage Project and Ribb Irrigation and Drainage Project (RIDP). The project comprises four components: Irrigation Development; Agricultural and Market Development; Irrigation Management and Project Management. The total Project cost is estimated to be US$ 173.6 million[1] of which the International Development Association (IDA) will finance US$ 150.00 million, while FDRE and Beneficiaries will contribute the balance US$ 23.6 million. The implementing agency for the project is Ministry of Water and Energy (MoWIE).
The preparation of this RAP has been delayed due to an outstanding issue of contractual dispute between the GoE and the RAP’s consultant. This issue was resolved in September 2014 by the signing of the “Contract Amendment Agreement for Consultancy Service” for the finalization of the RAP, and that its implementation will be based on recent data. Further, there is a potential for design review/changes (which will result in shifting of structures like canals, bridges etc) of the scheme within the existing command area, but the project does not envisage any major impact on the existing PAPs and or result in new PAPs been impacted, however, there may be small variation in the quantity of land take by the project due to the proposed design review.
Therefore, since the project is not sure of the specificity of these design changes, this RAP will be updated and its implementation requires that public and key stakeholder (PAPs) be consulted again during the actual implementation period. In line with this, the GoE will identify the various groups of interest group and PAPs to be impacted for the purpose of consultation and participation in the decisions that will shape the implementation of this RAP.
A provision of 10% of this total budget for contingencies such as inflation will be allowed and added to the current budget. Compensation will be based on replacement cost and will be sufficient to replace assets, plus necessary transaction costs associated with asset replacement.To ensure compensation at replacement cost, planned compensation rates will be recalculated if the payment period is delayed due to inflation.
Ribb Irrigation and Drainage Project (RIDP)
The RIDP intends to transform rainfed subsistence agriculture into irrigated commercial agriculture. Of the total irrigable command area of 19,925 ha identified, RIDP proposes that up to 14,460 ha[2]of the Fogera Plain, a floodplain on each side of the Ribb River, be irrigated by water stored behind the Ribb Dam, now under construction, released into the Ribb River and then distributed by gravity to approximately 11,500 farming households. Water released from the Ribb dam on the Ribb River will be diverted to the irrigated sites by a weir built close to the irrigation sites. The scheme would be built and operated by the government through private contractors.
Objective and Scope of Resettlement Action Plan for RIDP Phase I
An Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study carried out for RIDP identified the likely benefits, adverse impacts, and proposed indicative measures and mechanisms for mitigation of the identified impacts. It enabled scoping of the task for preparation of the RAP. The overall objective of RAP is to ensure that affected households are not worse-off after the Project when compared to the pre-project situation. The RAP carries forward the findings of the ESIA study, details the non-tangible and tangible impacts, enlists the affected persons along with their socio-economic details and records their preferences for resettlement and rehabilitation. It further elaborates on the mitigation measures within the context of Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) and the mechanisms: to implement the RAP, monitor and evaluate its implementation and outcomes, and redress any grievances. While RIDP .all households including beneficiary households in the command area, this specific RAP covers only those Project Affected Persons (PAPs) whose assets and livelihoods are to be directly affected due to proposed irrigation infrastructure.
The scope of this RAP is defined by the two phase construction approach proposed for RIDP partly due to funding contraints even though it is essentially one project. As per this approach, RIDP will be constructed in two phases. The parts of the command area from Libo-kemkem and Fogera Woredas that lie to the east of the Bahir Dar to Gondar road are covered under Phase I while the parts lying on the West rest in Phase II.This RAP is related to RIDP Phase 1 which covers about 3041 ha of project command area spread over 8 kebeles – 4 in each of the two woredas –Fogera and Libeokememe.Phase 2 covers the balance of 11,040ha of command area across 15 kebeles in the same Woredas.The construction work on phase 1 area includes construction of dykes and crossing structures (rviver training) in phase 2 area to provent downstream flooding included in “phase 1 of the irrigation sheme. Phase 1 will be financed by the World Bank while phase 2 will be finaced by GOE. This RAP relates to only Phase1 and a separate RAP will be established for phase 2.
Based on the schedule of construction of RIDP Phase I is further split in two phases – Phase I a, and Phase I b.While Phase I a involves completion of Head works (ie.. dversion weir and head regulator,) and all Main canals,(ie. Canals, cross drainage works, bridges and service roads). (757 ha), Phase I b will involve completion of drain
page and irrigation systems including the secondary and tertiary chanals and drains, cross drainage works along the canals and drains.(2284 ha). Phase 1b also includeds construction of river training and flood protection structures along the Rib River and other two small rivers Narza and Naturit falling in Phase 2 command area.River training refers to left and right side dykes that are necessary to maintain the course of the Rib River as well as the Narza and Nturit Rivers and protect from flooding and and crossing structures.
Baseline survey findings
RIDP Phase I (Phase 1a and 1b) will impact a total of 4,624 PAHHs or 20,047 PAPs. Out of these, construction in phase 1 area (1a and 1b) will impact 2,296 PAHs that includes 9,950 PAPs while 2,328PAHs and 10,097 PAPs living in phase 2 RIDP area will be impacted by the work in Phase 1. The total quantum of land impacted is 746ha of land.
Gender compositions of those to be impacted are 53% males and 47% female. In terms ofō religion, 96% practice Christianity while the rest are Muslims. Marital status recorded indicates: 43.18% are single, while 48.32% are married, with the balance being either divorced, widowed or separated. Illiteracy is very high amongst the PAPs as 53.32% are illiterate, while 14.79% can read and write. Only 2.40% of the PAPs have education upto Vocation/College level. In terms of physical condition 98.72% of the PAPs reported to be in a healthy condition. 0.46% of the PAPs are handicapped by birth and 0.97% have chronic health problems. 68.32% of the PAPs are employed and 57.75% of the PAPs indicate farming as the sole occupation, while 31.16% of PAPs have multiple occupations including farming, livestock and daily labor, etc. Livestock is the other major occupation for 9.40% of PAPs. Petty Trade (0.17%) and Spinning (0.07) are relatively less pursued as a sole occupation by PAPs.
The average annual income per household for RIDP Phase I kebele for PAHs is ETB 30,949.92. 47.About 30% of the PAHs have income in excess of ETB 25,000/year, while 26.95% have incomes between ETB 15-25,000/year. Breakup of income by sources indicates Farming or Cultivation (95.83%) as the main source of the total income. Of the balance, land related activities such as leasing or renting out of land for cultivation constitutes more than half (2.26%) and sale of animal bye products or livestock (0.95%). Petty Trading, employment of family members, financial support from family members, relatives / friends constitute insignificant proportion of the income. ETB 13702.80 is average annual expenditure of the PAHs. Medical care, Education and House maintenance comprise 22.93% of the expenditure, while Social and Religious events (22%) and consumables such as salt, sugar and oil constitute 21.14%. Farm inputs and livestock feed together constitute 23.30% of the household expenditure. 47.14% of the PAHs indicate expenditure in the range between ETB 10-15000/year.
Awareness of RIDP is indicated by 95% of the PAHs and the major sources of awareness include Kebele officials (42%) and Kebele consultations/Survey activities (43%). About 9% of the PAHs reported other sources such as neighbors, or other interacted from other kebeles, etc. Deemed positive and adverse impacts: Amongst the potential positive impacts, 68.74% of PAHs believe that the project will increase land productivity, assure water supply and other varied positive impacts such as increase in temporary work opportunities, increase market access, facilities in the area. Type of support and assistances expected under RIDP vary as 64.76% of PAHs have expectations of more than two of the benefits such as training on crop practices, seed inputs, credit facilities, water conservation practices, provision of fertilizers, trainings on market related activities, financial literacy and skill development. Adverse impacts likely due to the project is considered as the loss of land and structures by 28.1% PAHs. Other adverse impacts likely include: pressure on existing infrastructure, conflicts with outsides and increase in accidents.
In terms of opinion, the majority of the PAH (77.03%) consider the project to be good or useful to them, while 14.13% are not sure of the project when considering the positive and adverse impacts. 8.89% of the respondent PAHs, consider the project as not useful.
Stakeholder Consultations
Consultations included: a Workshop with a broad range of stakeholders, key informant interviews with officials of implementing agencies; consultations with communities, particularly PAPs and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with women groups. Key topics discussed included: objective and scope of the project, likely benefits such as fishery development, irrigation development in the command area. Key concerns expressed by the PAPs were:relating to the need and approach of the project; issues relating to provision of grazing land for landless households and others; issues relating to fragmented lands and varied fertility of land parcels in different areas; aspects of land redistribution, inheritance issues that might impede their getting the compensation; lack of marketing facilities, road access, and support measures planned such as marketing chains, access roads, fee for irrigation water, etc..
Project Impacts
Positive Impacts: The anticipated positive impacts likely to accrue in the command area of the project i.e. Libo-kemkem and Fogera woredas are: a) Increased cropping intensity due to provision of dry season irrigation water; b) Increased crop yields due to improved drainage, inputs and crop husbandry; c) Increased crop diversity due to an improvement of land capability by irrigation and drainage and improved access to seeds and markets; d) Increased and stabilised household incomes from agriculturally related goods and services – and associated local employment including for scheme operation and maintenance; e) Improved institutional capacity of government organizations responsible for water management and agricultural development at regional, woreda and kebele levels; f) Improved road access with many associated benefits; g) Reduced impacts from flooding; h) reduction in incidences of water-borne diseases malaria due to draining out of excess water; i) short-term and long term opportunities during construction stage.