The Counter ReformationWORLD HISTORY NOTES

DATE: ______

Reforming the Catholic Church

______

  • The Catholic Church’s series of reforms I response to the spread of ______in the mid-1500’s to the early 1600’s.

Early Reformers

______

  • Monk who tried to change the church from within. “______”
  • Excommunicated and Executed in Florence.

Religious Orders

______

  • “Society of Jesus”
  • Renewed church’s emphasis of spirituality and service.
  • Founded by ______
  • Basque Nobleman and former soldier.

______

The Council of Trent

1545, Church members decided to ______some religious doctrines of the Catholic Church.

Clarified Catholic teaching

  1. ______
  2. Addressed Corruption
  3. ______
  4. Addressed Financial Abuse
  5. ______

Council______:

  • Transubstantiation
  • Sacraments
  1. ______
  2. Confirmation
  3. Marriage
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. Anointing Sick

Basic structure of Church reaffirmed!

Reforming Catholics

______

  • Archbishop of Milan (1560 to 1584)
  • Implements Council of Trent reforms
  • ______

______

  • Implemented a missionary program in Savoy (Italy). He returned many back to the Catholic Church.

Women in the Church

______

  • Began Company of Saint Ursula

______

  • Trained women to be teachers

______

  • Created networks of schools for girls

______

  • Most famous female spiritual leader for the Catholic Church.

The Inquisitions

Two different Inquisitions:

  • ______
  • ______

The Roman Inquisition tried people for:

  • Being Protestant
  • ______
  • ______
  • Breaking with Church Law

Spanish Inquisition

Tried to convert:

  • ______
  • ______
  • ______

Many accounts of torture and executions!

Index of Forbidden Books= censorship

Changes in Religion

______bring many back to the Catholic Church, and renew the doctrines of the Catholic Church.

New denominations form because reformers interpret the Bible differently!

Expulsion of Jews and Muslims

Spain gives these groups of people three options.

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______

Jews segregated to ghetto

  • Ghettos- were walled sections of the city and their gates closed at a certain time each evening.

Censorship in the Church

______

  • The Forbidden Books were a list of books that people should not read.

You could lose your ______by reading these books.

  • Contained Reformer’s writing and some secular works.

Witchcraft

Hysteria of Witchcraft swept through Europe during 1580 to 1660.

Witches would:

  • ______
  • ______
  • ______

Political Effects

States and businesses want church to become ______with political affairs.

Political power was now ______from the church!

Religious Wars and Unrest

______

  • King Charles VIII of France invaded Italy, and Spain joined in the fight too.
  • Fighting ended in 1559.

______

  • During the fighting many important artists fled from Italy, and took their ideas as well!

Conflicts among Germans

______is stirred by Renaissance and Reformation ideas.

  • ______

Local Lutheran Princes go to war with Holy Roman Emperor.

  • ______(1555) Each prince can choose the religion that his subjects would practice.

Conflicts between Religions

Conflicts between Catholic faith and Protestant faith in France.

In 1598, Henry of Navarre converted to Catholicism, and this created temporary peace.

Edict of Nantes granted religious freedom to Protestants.