Barrett/Sandt 1

Name: ______Date: ______

Study Guide

Middle East

Geography

The 10 geographic characteristics of the Middle East
  1. The ME is the first region where people developed ______.
  2. The ME is the birthplace of several world religions.
  3. The ME is mostly but not fully ______.
  4. The ME is the “Arab World” but significant population groups are not of Arab ancestry.
  5. Population in the ME is widely spread in sporadic clusters.
  6. The natural environment is dominated by ______and ______.
  7. The ME is a land bridge linking three continents:
  8. ______
  9. ______
  10. ______
  11. The ME has the largest ______in the world.
  12. The ME is a region of intense discord, bitter conflict, and political instability.
  13. Today, the ME is an area of international concern because of:
  14. ______
  15. ______
  16. ______
  17. Religious affections and passions.

What are the five major physical regions on the Middle East and describe them: (p.553)

  1. The Northern Tier: ______
  1. The ______

______

  1. The ______

______

  1. The NileValley

______

  1. The ______

______

*******REMEMBERArab and Muslim are not the same!!!!

  • Arab: person who speaks Arabic
  • Muslim: person who practices Islam.
  • Most Arab speaking people practice Islam.
  • There are also many Arab speaking people who practice Christianity.

Fill in the Blanks: (556-562, 572-579)

  1. This code regulated economic, social, and moral affairs. “An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”. ______
  2. Give two reasons for the Expansion of Islam during the 100 years after Muhammad’s death.
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. The Seljuks, Mongols , and another group from Europe invaded the ME around 1000 AD. Why? ______
  6. This man drove the Christians out of Jerusalem in the late 1100’s and united Muslims from Syria and Egypt. Who is he? ______
  7. In Arabia, who were the “People of the Tent” or desert nomads? ______
  8. The Koran permits a man to marry up to 4 wives. Why did few men only have a single wife? ______
  9. After WWI ended, Greece took over land that was ruled by the Turks in Anatolia. This man kicked the Greeks out of Anatolia and became strong enough to overthrow the sultan, abolish the Ottoman Empire, and make Turkey a republic. ______
  10. What is Anti-Semitism? ______
Religion
Judaism (p.563)

Key Terms:

  1. Monotheism: ______
  1. Covenant: ______

Key Concepts: the land, the law, the patriarchs

Key People:

  1. Abraham: ______
  2. Moses: ______
  3. David: ______
  4. Solomon: ______

Key Events:

  1. Maccebean Revolt: 167 BC
  2. Jews against Antiochus IV
  3. This is where we get 8 days of Hanukkah (festival of lights). Lights in lanterns should have only lasted 1 day but lasted 8.
  4. Destruction of the Temple by the Romans: 70 AD
  5. The Diaspora: Jews forced to move away from Israel, spread around the world.

(P.564-565)

The Hebrews recorded their early history as well as the moral and religious laws of God in their sacred book called ______.

These were given to the Hebrews while wandering around the Sinai Peninsula. They forbid, stealing, cheating, lying, and murder.

______

What is Judaism’s ethical world view?

______

Christianity (p. 565)

  1. ______was the founder of Christianity. He was Jewish.
  2. The Jewish prophets predicted that a ______would deliver the Jews from foreign rule.
  3. Many believe that ______was the Messiah.
  4. The teachings of Jesus originated in the Jewish tradition of monotheism.
  5. Define Parables: ______
  6. Define Martyrs: ______

Islam (p.569)

  1. Islam incorporates many beliefs and values of ______and ______.
  2. The ______is the Holy Scripture of Islam.
  1. Describe four (4) characteristics of the Arabs:
  2. ______Tribes
  3. Descendents of ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______is the home of Mohammed and the Kaaba.
  7. Describe 3 characteristics of Mohammed:
  8. Born in ______
  9. Vision of ______
  10. ______
  11. Islam means ______to God.
  12. A ______is one who submits to God.
  13. The ______are chapters in the Koran.
  14. The migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina is known as the ______.
  15. What are the FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH
  16. ______
  17. ______
  18. Fasting
  19. ______
  20. ______
  21. 6th pillar??? ______
Arab-Israelis Conflict (ch. 27-28)
  1. The highest authority for Islamic law is known as ______.
  2. What is the significance of the Hajj to Muslims? ______
  3. How does the Hajj encourage cultural diffusion? ______
  4. ______is a Persian word that means “signs of Allah”. It is the highest title that can be held by a Shiite Muslim religious leader.
  5. What was the Islamic revolution in Iran? ______
  6. The four wars between Arabs and Israelis: (p.617)
  7. 1948: British left Palestine and was divided into a Jewish State (Israel) and an Arab state.
  8. 1956: Israel, Britain, and France attacked Egypt after Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal. Israeli troops occupied the Sinai Peninsula and then later withdrew.
  9. 1967: Six Day War
  10. Israel defeated 4 Arab Nations and gained West Bank, Gaza, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan.
  11. 1973: Syria and Egypt attacked Israel in a almost successful attempt to regain they lost during the 6 day war.
  12. What is the goal of the PLO? (p. 617) ______
  13. Describe the intifada (p619)

______

Three Possible Solution to the Arab-Israel Conflict

Possible Solutions / Problems
  1. Two States
  2. Israel with 1967 borders
  • PalestinianState with West Bank and Gaza
/ Israelis will not have security and what about the settlements?
  1. One State
  2. All of Palestine is one state
/ Jews would be outnumbered by Arabs.
Either would become a non-Jewish majority or an Apartheid-like country would emerge.
  1. Israel expanded with part of West Bank and Gaza and a wall will be built.
/ No viable PalestinianState because walls push too far into WB and Gaza.
Review your notes on the Persian Gulf War!

Map

Label all of the following physical features:

Deserts / Rivers / Mountains / Sea / Other
Libyan Desert / Nile / Taurus / Mediterranean / Persian Gulf
Arabian / Tigris / Elbruz / Red / Gulf of Oman
Great Salt / Euphrates / Zagros / Arabian / Rub al Khali
Mt.Ararat / Aegean / Sinai Peninsula
Pontic / Black / Plateau of Iran
Sea of Marmara / Gulf of Suez
Dead Sea / Strait of Hormuz
Anatolian Plateau
Mesopotamia
Cyprus
Nile Delta
Gulf of Aqaba
Plateau of Iran
Label every country
Country / Capital
Iran / Tehran
Iraq / Baghdad
Israel / Jerusalem
Saudi Arabia / Riyadh
Jordan / Amman
Afghanistan / Kabul
Kuwait / KuwaitCity
Lebanon / Beirut
Oman / Muscat
Yemen / Sana
Syria / Damascus
Egypt / Cairo
Turkey / Ankara
United Arab Emirates / Abu Dhabi