BIOLOGY 1308

TAKE HOME EXAM: CHAPTERS 1, 2, 3

  1. Put the steps of the scientific method in order from beginning to end:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______
  8. What is the name of the single factor in an experiment that is allowed to change? ______
  9. List the levels of organization of life in order from the smallest to the largest:
  10. ______
  11. ______
  12. ______
  13. ______
  14. ______
  15. ______
  16. There are 5 characteristics that all living things have in common. Please name 3 of the 5 characteristics:
  17. ______
  18. ______
  19. ______
  20. What was the name of the antibiotic (mold) that was accidentally discovered by Alexander Flemming? ______
  21. Please name the location where the following subatomic particles can be found in an atom:
  22. Protons: ______
  23. Neutrons: ______
  24. Electrons: ______
  25. ______are atoms of the same element that have a different numbers of neutrons.
  26. The ______represents the number of protons in an atom and can be found on the periodic table.
  27. Please diagram the element oxygen in the space below. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. For full credit label and indicate the correct location and number of each subatomic particle. You do not need to indicate the number for neutrons.
  1. What does hydrophilic and hydrophobic mean? ______, ______
  2. Water molecules have hydrogen bonds which helps them stick together. This is called ______. The water also has a tendency to resist being broken at the surface which is called ______.
  3. List the 4 principles of biological molecules:
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______
  8. Matching

WORD BANK:

a)Dehydration synthesis

b)Functional groups

c)Amino acids

d)Disaccharide

e)Polysaccharide

______: Carbohydrate consisting of 2 monosaccharides:

______: Glycogen

______: A chemical reaction used to build molecules with water as a by-product

______: Specific groups of atoms attached to the carbon backbone that determine the characteristics and chemical reactivity of molecules

______: A central carbon atom attached to the carboxylic group, hydrogen, amino acid, and variable group

  1. Dogs with food allergies are often prescribed a diet in which the large molecules of protein in the food have been broken down into smaller subunits. What chemical process was used to achieve this? ______
  2. The components of a triglyceride are:
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. The primary structure of a protein is determined by ______
  6. What is the subunit for nucleic acids? ______; name 2 nucleic acids: ______, ______and what does this subunit consist of?
  7. ______
  8. ______
  9. ______
  10. What is the process by which cells acquire particles that are too large to move across a membrane? ______
  11. Please label the process as either active or passive
  12. Simple diffusion ______
  13. Osmosis ______
  14. Pinocytosis ______
  15. Facilitated diffusion ______
  16. A molecule of calcium is moving across the plasma membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. What kind of transport must it use? ______
  17. You accidentally start an animal on hypertonic saline drip instead of an isotonic saline drip. What result will this have on the animal’s cells? ______
  18. Name 3 major categories of proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane?
  19. ______
  20. ______
  21. ______
  22. ______is the long term storage molecule in animals, whereas, ______is the long term energy storage molecule in plants.

  1. Study the set of five beakers shown here to answer questions 1 – 3:

Which beaker(s) contain(s) a solution that is hypertonic to the bag?
  1. Beaker 3
  2. Beakers 2 and 4
  3. Beakers 1, 2, and 5
  4. Beaker 4
  5. Beakers 3 and 4

  1. Which bag would you predict to show the least change in mass at the end of the experiment?
  2. The bag in Beaker 1
  3. The bag in Beaker 2
  4. The bag in Beaker 3
  5. The bag in Beaker 4
  6. The bag in Beaker 5
  7. Arrange the beakers in order of the mass of the bags inside them after the experiment has run for 30 minutes. List the bag that loses the most mass first.
  8. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  9. 1, 5, 2, 3, 4
  10. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1
  11. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5
  12. 2, 1, 5, 3, 4
  13. Name 5 features that are shared by all cells
  14. ______
  15. ______
  16. ______
  17. ______
  18. ______
  19. Identify 3 features that distinguish eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
  20. ______
  21. ______
  22. ______
  23. In eukaryotic cells name 3 characteristics that distinguish animal cells from plant cells:
  24. ______
  25. ______
  26. ______
  27. Give a function in one sentence of the following structures:
  28. Nucleolus ______
  29. Mitochondria: ______
  30. Ribosomes: ______
  31. Plasma membrane: ______
  32. Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough): ______
  33. Chloroplasts: ______
  34. Lysosome: ______
  35. Golgi apparatus: ______
  36. Nucleus: ______
  37. Central vacuole: ______
  38. Cilia and flagella: ______
  39. Microtubules: ______
  40. Central vacuole: ______
  41. Cell wall: ______
  42. Plastids: ______
  43. Why doesn’t chromatin remain in its condensed form in nondividing cells?______
    ______
  44. Cilia and flagella both contain cytoskeletal elements called ______. List three ways in which cilia differ from flagella: ______, ______, ______

BONUS QUESTION

  1. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) have no nuclei, mitochondria, or other organelles at maturity. These organelles are ejected when the RBC enters the bloodstream, or shortly thereafter.
  2. Should this still be considered a cell? ______

______

  1. What will be the effect of having no nucleus? ______

______

  1. In these cells, is the lack of mitochondria is an advantage? ______
  2. Why?. ______

______