SYMBOLS SAY SOMETHING
Anthropologists tell us that people have always felt the need to communicate with other people, and to leave some sort of record of their existence.
Many years ago, people living in caves around the world drew pictures on the cave walls to tell of their lives and times. Instead of letters and numbers, they used symbols and signs.
Draw a sign or symbol for each of these words.
Use your symbols to write a message telling future generations about life in the 2000s. ______
What belongs to whom and who lives where?
The chart below is to help you keep track of the information given in the clues. Read the clues carefully. Put an “x” to show a definite no and a “v” to show a definite yes. You may have to read the clues several times. Some answers may be based on the process of elimination. When you think you have solved the problem, fill in the grid at the bottom of the page.
JoshuaMary AnnDebbie Daniel Cat Dog GerbilBird
1E
1W
2E
2W
CatJoshua, Mary Ann, Debbie, and
Daniel live in the same apartment
Dogbuilding. They live in apartments 1
East, 1 West, 2 East and 2 West (1E. 1W,
Gerbil2E, and 2W). Each one has a pet. Read the
Clues below to find where each one lives and to
Birdwhich owner each pet belongs.
Clues
Joshua can hear the dog above when he runs after his ball in the neighbor’s apartment.
The cat sits in the window next to the front door of the building everyday at 3:00 and waits for Mary Ann.
Dan feeds seeds to his pet.
The gerbil does not belong to Dan.
The bird begins to sing as soon as the sun hits the apartment window each morning.
Joshua Mary Ann DebbieDaniel
Apartment
Pet
Directions: Imagine that your head is the earth
And that the head of a classmate is the sun.
Ohio is located on your forehead and the
Equator is at the tip of your nose. Stand
Several feet from that sun. Spend several
Moments trying to feel the light and heat
From the sun that you are facing. The more
You use your imagination, the more effective
This activity will be.
Then follow these steps:
Rotate in a circle. When you are facing the sun it is daytime in Ohio. When you are facing away from the sun, it is night in Ohio, but daytime in places on the back of your head, Asia, for example.
Notice that nothing happens to the sum at night.
Now walk around the sun. The earth would keep spinning – after all, days and nights keep occurring all year long – but to keep your from getting dizzy, just walk normally. In making one revolution, you complete a year’s journey. Next, you’ll demonstrate how season changes would have occurred during your walk.
Look at the sun and tilt your head upward, so that your chin gets direct light from the sun. Your forehead is now cooler than your chin. It is winter in Ohio (your forehead).
Go to the opposite side of the sun. Now tilt your head so that your forehead is getting the sun’s direct light. It is summer in Ohio.
During fall and spring, you would be halfway between summer and winter. Go to each of those positions and look directly at the sun (your partner). The sun’s light is more direct than in winter and less direct than in summer.
Summarize what happens during one rotation of the earth around its axis.
Summarize what happens during one earth revolution around the sun.
Why does the directness of the sun’s rays affect the seasons?
axis
N
earth
According to the diagram, what season is it in Ohio?
Summerfallwinterspring
State your reasons.
Warm-up
You have been acting like a scientist since birth. Watching and listening to people and music. Touching objects helped you make judgements.
Act like a scientist:
1. Describe your pointer finger using all your senses.
2. Which sense did you use to get most of the information about your thumb? Explain.
3. Which inferences can you make about your pointer finger? That is, what logically follows from what you observed?
4. What measuring devices or instruments would help you to describe your thumb in more detail, or in a more precise way?
Warm-up
When measurements are used for describing, the choice of units is always important.
Use the diagram to answer the questions.
This plant has been growing in the water for three days.
- What unit is being used to measure the volume of gas in the experiment?
A. centimetersB. millilitersC. millimetersD. centigrams
State your reason or reasons for selecting the answer.
- What source of energy is required for the gas layer to form?
A. SugarB. lightC. waterD. oxygen
Explain
- What substance is the plant providing that allows animals to live in water?
A. food and carbon dioxideB. oxygen and water
C. oxygen and foodD. carbon dioxide and water
Explain.
Crumble a sheet of paper or lightweight poster board into a ball. Uncrumple it, but do not smooth it out. Simply pull the edges and corners apart. You now have a model of a section of the earth’s surface. The highest parts are the tops of mountains or hills. The lowest parts are the bottoms of rivers and lakes.
Imagine that it is spring and that snow on the tops of the mountains is melting. Using colored markers, pencils or crayons, draw blue lines to show where you think streams and rivers would run. Use blue to color in sections where you think lakes would form. Use brown to show land that is too steep for many plants to grow on. Shade areas green to show where you think plants would grow. If time permits, use your creativity to show artificial structures.
- In what ways is the paper like the earth’s surface?
- How did you infer (what logically follows from what you observed?) the paths for your rivers and lakes?
- In what ways is crumpling the paper similar to the formation of the earth’s surface?
In the late 1600s, Sir Isaac Newton published a work, which described his well-known laws of motion. However, in the 1840s, it was pointed out that the motion of the planet Mercury was actually different than Newton’s tables had predicted. It wasn’t until a century later that Einstein’s theory of relativity could explain this occurrence.
1. Which of the following statements is supported by this information?
A. Scientific ideas are seldom accurate.B. Scientific progress requires a lot of hard work.
C. Theories of science are modified by new evidence. D. The laws of motion do not apply in space.
State you reason(s) for selecting the answer.
Empedocles, a Greek philosopher-scientist, theorized that air, fire, water, and earth made up all matter. He also theorized that two forces were responsible for every event. The attractive force of harmony caused the “elements” to combine and the repelling force of strife separated them again. The same elements then entered into further events.
1. What modern scientific law is related to Empedocles’ theory?
A. law of conservation of massB. universal law of gravitation
C. laws of motionD. law of electric charge
Hint: Which of these laws implies the “recycling” of the elements?
State your reason or reasons for selecting the answer.
The fossilized bones of Lystrosaurus, a hippopotamus relative of 200 million years ago, have been found in Antarctica. Other fossils of this animal were found in Africa. Such an animal could not survive in the climate of present Antarctica.
- What theory does this finding support?
A. plate tectonicsB. the big bang
C. evolutionD. cell
Hint: What could account for the climate change in Antarctica?
State your reason(s) for selecting the answer.
- In 1752, Benjamin Franklin demonstrated that lightning is a form of electricity. This discovery led to a greater understanding of both lightning and electricity. Which of the following inventions was a direct result of this finding?
A. weather radarB. electric lights
C. lightning rodsD. welding machines
Hint: Which invention provides a path for electric current generated in nature?
State your reason(s) for selecting the answer.
In the late 1800s, it was discovered that certain wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation could pass through solid opaque material. At the time, this information was seen by scientists to be useful in defining the structure and mechanism of the atom. However, this information was also used to develop an important medical technology.
What modern medical technology developed from this discovery?
A. x-raysB. fiber optic scopes
C. contact lensesD. laser surgery
Hint: The rays could penetrate objects that ordinary light could not.
State your reason(s) for selecting the answer.
Asbestos was once widely used as insulation because of its resistance to fire, heat, and corrosion. It is now being replaced because medical researchers have linked it to certain types of cancer. This change show an interdependence between what two fields?
A. science and technologyB. medicine and meteorology
C. technology and geologyD. science and geography
Hint: Define each of the individual terms first
State your reason(s) for selecting the answer.
Name ______
LOGIC SQUARES
With each logic problem below, there is a chart to help keep track of the information given in the clues. Read the clues carefully for each problem. Put an “x” to show a definite no and a “ ”
to show a definite yes. You may have to read the clues several times. Some of your answers may be based on the process of elimination. When you think you have solved each problem, fill in the small grid after it.
Tommy John CathyTerryA ball, a boat, a bear, and a pail were
Ballleft in the sandbox. They belonged to
BoatTommy, John, Cathy and Terry. Read
Bearthe clues below to see how the baby-
Pailsitter found out which toy belonged
to which child.
Tom’s toy is softer than John’s and
Terry’s.
Cathy’s toy is smooth and does not hold
anything. John uses Terry’s toy to fill his.
TOY Larry, Jean, Richard and George
participate in after-school sports. Each Larry Jean Richard George
one plays a different one. Read the cluesTennis
below to learn which sport each one plays. Softball
Swimming
Larry and Jean hit a ball in their sport. Golf
Richard and Jean participate in a sport
that can be played alone or as a team
sport.
Larry wears a uniform, but Jean does not.
Sport
Act Like a Scientist:
Make a map-like diagram of your science classroom. Note the location of the following, if present:
Fire extinguishereyewashsafety goggles
First aid kitfire evacuation routelab aprons
Special trash container for broken glassphone with emergency numbers posted
Safety shower
Which of the following statements is not a proper procedure when dealing with chemicals?
A. never touch, taste, or smell unknown chemicals
B. carefully return unused chemicals to their original containers.
C. wear safety goggles when working with chemicals.
D. place the lid back on the container when you are finished with it.
State you reason(s) for selecting the answer.
______
Lab Safety
1.