ZAMBIA’S NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR ALL (SE4ALL)
Group Photo for participants who attended the workshop
11/23/2012 & 11/24/2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0BACKGROUND INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Zambia: Energy Profile
Table 1-Current Energy Access Situation in developing countries illustrated by World Energy Outlook in 2009
3.0PRESENTATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO AND OVERVIEW OF SE4 ALL PROCESS –CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE
Practical Action positioning: The engagement with the Initiative includes:
3.2 PRESENTATIONONNET METERING IN CITIES
Rural electrification
Models Used to Implement
Models Include
Discussions
3.3 Presentation onDomestic Biogas Technology and Prospects for Zambia byEkanathKhatiwada, Biogas Advisor for SNV Zambia
Feasibility Study Finding Summary: Prospects for Zambia
Way forward and Roles of Civil society:
Reactions and contributions from the participants
Responses
3.4 PROSPECTS OF BIOFUELS INDUSTRY IN CONTRIBUTING TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR ALL IN ZAMBIA, BY MR. TYSON CHISAMBO ANDPROF.THOMSONSINKALA
BIOFUELS ASSOCIATION OF ZAMBIA (BAZ)
3.5 THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE RENEWABLE ENERGY ROADMAP IN ZAMBIA,
PRESENTED BY MARRIOT NYANGU, CIVIL SOCIETY BIOFUELS FORUM (CSBF)
Renewable Energy Policy Framework in Zambia
Overview of the RE sector from the CSREF perspective
Civil society Participation
Biofuels Road map
Current Status
Research and development
The liquid biofuels market outlook
Civil Society participation
Recommendation on RE Roadmap
4.0 THE WORKPLAN
RECOMMENDED ACTION POINT
5.0 CONCLUSION
ACCRONMYS
COMESA.………………………………………………Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
ESAG…………………………………………………………………….…...Energy Sector Advisory Group
EIA……………………………………………………………………………..Environmental Impact Assessment
GVEP………………………………………………………………………..…..Global Village Energy Partnership
HIVOS……………………………………………………………………………………..
MP………………………………………………………………………………………….Member of Parliament
PVBCS……………………………………………………………………………………………..
REMP……………………………………………………………………………
REA………………………………………………………………………………Rural Electrification Agency
SE4ALL……………………………………………………………………………………..Sustainable Energy for All
SNV…………………………………………………………………….Netherlands Development Organization
SHS…………………………………………………………………………………………………
SADC………………………………………………………Southern African Development Community
TEA……………………………………………………………………………………………….. Total Energy Access
UNDP…………………………………………………………………..United Nations Development Program
ZESCO………………………………………………….. Zambia Electricity Supply Cooperation
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Sustainable Energy for All initiative SE4ALL workshop organizers whereMr Benny Ndonyo from Energy and Environmental Concerns of Zambia (EECZ). Mr Chanda Mongo from SNV,Mr Katebe from Zambia Alliance of Women (ZAW).
Gratitude goes to the supporters of the workshop namely the Hivos Netherlands and Practical Action. Further salutations goes to the presenters who took the time to prepare and share their knowledge and information on different sustainable energy sources and the benefits to the community as a whole, as well as the participants from different organizations who spared their time to attend the one day workshop and also share their views towards the initiative.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Worldwide, it has been estimated by the international energy agency (IEA) that over 1.3million people lack access to electricity and 2.7billion people lack cooking facilities. In addition, many countries spend a high share of their GDP on fossil fuel imports, making them dependent on foreign energy supplies and vulnerable to price fluctuations. The burning of fossil fuels pollutes local environments, endangers the health of citizens, and exacerbates global climate change.It is because of the above that the United Nations general is leading a wide global sustainable energy for all initiative to facilitate universal access to modern energy services ,double the rate of improvement in energy efficiency as well as to double the double the share renewable energy in the mix by 2030.
Moreover many countries have shown that it is possible to attain the above and make energy available to all. It is for this reason that the three organizations namely the Energy Concerns of Zambia, Zambia Alliance of Women and Netherlands Development Organizations organized the national workshop for Zambia to try and engage the different stake holders including the government, public sector organization, private sector organizations as well as the civil society and community based organizations in order to make energy for all a reality in Zambia. The workshop aimed at sharing insight on the current status of SE4ALL at international, regional and national level, further analyzing the policy environment at national level and identifying allies and opportunities for improvements in energy efficiency and grid technologies.
The workshop also aimed at Formulating and agreeing on joint actions and processes needed to influence the NationalImplementation Plans, and to furtherDevelop ideas and scope out possible activities to increase civil society awareness andengagement with the issue of energy access and to Plan further on national and coordination on energy access for all.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) is an initiative which is led, and was launched by the United Nations Secretary General in September 2011.The initiative aims to bring together stake holders from civil society ,private sector and government to take action to achieve three main objectives by 2030 that range from ensuring universal access to modern energy services, doubling the global rate of improvements in energy efficiency as well as doubling the share of renewable energy in global energy mix.
SE4ALL, under the leadership of high level group, have created a Global Action Agenda to guide efforts by countries and stake holders across eleven key areas. The action areas identified include sevensectorial areas that is modern cookingappliances and fuels, distributes electricity solutions, grid infrastructure and supply efficiency, large scale renewable energy power ,industrial and agricultural planning policies, as well as transportation and buildings and appliances. In addition to this, thefour enabling areas include energy planning and policies, business model and technology innovation, finance and risk management and capacity building and knowledge sharing.
SE4ALL has had engagement on a country level, taking in to consideration the Rio+20 summit in June 2012 where 52 countries from across Africa, Asia, LatinAmerica, and Small Islands Developing States committed to join the SE4ALLinitiative, where 22 of these countries are in Sub Saharan Africa.
Joining SE4ALL therefore, means a commitment to deliver two key activities ,firstly a gap analysis which is aimed at highlighting key areas where attention and investment need to be focused at national level to ensure progress towards each of the three SE4ALL objectives of which the majority of the analyses will be completed by the end of 2012.Secondly ,a national SE4ALL Implementation plan providing a rigorous assessment of the national energy situation and a year by year framework ,outlining the action and funding required for achieving the SE4ALL goals by 2030 at country level of which these plans should be completed by September 2013.
Both the Gap Analysis and National implementation plans represent real opportunities to shape energy provision in individual countries. The national plan will define energy access delivery for the coming decade and beyond, so it is crucial that the poor people’s energy needs at household, community and enterprise level and the ways in which energy can reach them.
1.1 INTRODUCTION
It is inevitable to be dependent on energy as simple tasks like preparing dinner ,heating a house, lighting a street, keeping a hospital open ,running a factory all require the use of energy. Energy is at the heart of everybody’s quality life and a crucial factor for economic competitiveness and employment. It is therefore important for countries to make radical changes in the way energy is generated and used to ensure sustainable growth for today and the future generations to come.
The initiative therefore, presents an opportunity for Africa to advance its national, regional and continental agendas through encouraging participation of the three pillars including the government, businesses and civil society in public private partnership of policy, investment and market development. The role of each stake holder can vary from improving policy and institutional capacity to supporting innovations according to their strengths and weaknesses.
From September 2012, the SE4ALL Initiative moves into operational phase with a new international structure comprised of an Advisory committee, Steering Group and Global Secretariat. Inreality, this means much greater levels of activity at country level and many more opportunities for civil society to engage in planning, and translating these plans into reality .To ensure that people have the power to challenge their poverty, Civil societies have the task to thrustin order to be engaged as an equal partner in the initiative and ensure to make a unique contribution to deliver sustainable energy for all especially the poor.
It is in the above context that a national workshop on sustainable energy for all was held in Zambia on the 23rd of November, 2012 at the Blue Crest Lodge in Kabulonga.Energy and Environmental Concerns for Zambia(EECZ), Zambia Alliance of Women(ZAW) and NetherlandsDevelopment Organization(SNV) with the support from Practical Action and Hivos Netherlands are working together in steering efforts of civil society organizations towards the UN Sustainable Energy for All Initiative. Civil Society Organizationsplay acrucial role in achieving Universal Energy access by promoting wider awareness and understanding of people’s needs and preferred solutions.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Zambia: Energy Profile
According to the World Bankdata, the population of Zambia In total was last reported at 13,474,959 million in 2011 with 69% being the rural people and 31% being urban. Zambiacurrently has a national electrification rate of 18.8% while electrification has reached 47% of the urban household, rural electrification still lies very low at 3.3%.Only 15.8% of the population has access to modern cooking fuel andapproximately 60% still rely on fuel wood for cooking.
Table 1-Current Energy Access Situation in developing countries illustrated by World Energy Outlook in 2009
National / Rural / Urban% of Population with Access to Electricity / 18.8 / 3. 4.7 / 47
Fuel used for cooking / % of population with access to modern fuel for cooking
(Electricity ,Gas or Kerosene) / 15.8 / 1.8 / 41.2
% of population using wood for cooking / 59.5 / 88.2 / 7.5
% of population using charcoal for cooking / 24.5 / 10 / 50.7
% of population relying on solid fuel for cooking that use
Improved cook stoves / 0.4 / 0.3 / 0.7
According to the Renewable Energy Country Profiles (IRENA,2010), Zambia is self-sufficient in energy that is primary energy sources including biomass ,hydropower, coal and renewable energy with the exception of crude oil for petroleum which is fully imported. Total installed electricity capacity (2008):1,967 MW, Hydro 95.9% and Thermal 4.1%.
The electricity produced is used mainly for the mining industry (68%) and leaving more than 80% of the household to rely on biomass for energy needs .41% of the population use kerosene and 22% use candles for lighting. The continued large scale usage of wood for energy and non-energy tasks results in woodland depletion, which may eventually lead to an energy crisis in the near future affecting large sections of the population.
The largest renewable energy generation potential exists through solar and hydro though;
- Less than 30% of the available 6000mwt hydro potential has been harnessed so far
- Solar power development is slow .To date it has only been installed in 400households ,several schools and chiefs palaces in various parts of the country
- Wind power which is suggested to be most suitable for mechanical uses mainly water pumping for households and irrigation has not been harnessed sufficiently
- With more than 80% hot springs available for potential geothermal has not been exploited.
Efforts to improve energy supplies in Zambia come from different angles , for instance, The Energy Regulatory Board of Zambia (ERB) established in1997 by law to regulate the provision of energy services to the consumers has been playing an important role in Zambia’s energy sector .There is also a Rural Electrification Agency (REA) formed in 2003 which has been spearheading the implementation of the REMP.In addition, the Global Village Energy Partnership (GVEP), in association with the Department of Energy, and the Ministry of Energy and Water Development, are working on a mechanism to increase access to reliable, affordable and environmentally sustainable energy services as a means of enhancing economic and social development.
Organizers of the workshop Right Mr. Chanda Mongo, middle Mr. Ceasar Katebe and far left Mr. Benny Ndonyo
3.0Presentations and Discussions
Different organizations were invited to the workshop in order to share ideas and put heads together in coming up with the way forward on how to go about the implementation of the project in Zambia as a nation. Presentationswere spearheaded by the Environmental Concern of Zambia (EECZ) were made. The organization aims to back the objectives of the grouping of researchers, academicians and policy makers which is to contribute to the development, promotion and wider use of energy in sustainable manner, as well as to provide a forum for interaction and exchange of ideas between individuals and organizations involved in planning, development and sustainable utilization of energy. Below is the synopsis of each presentation that was given at the workshop all in line with fostering education, scientific research and development and the nationwide disseminations of information in energy and the environment.
Mr. Ndonyo facilitating a session
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO AND OVERVIEW OF SE4 ALL PROCESS –CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE
Billions of poor people do not have access to the energy they need to light their homes, cook
Mealssafely and earn a living. Although the technology exists to deliver universal access to modern energy, ahuge effort is needed to make that happen. Change is needed urgently in order to improve the policy environment, to support poor people, boost capacity to deliver more and better quality energy technologies and to ramp up the volume and types of energy financing that support access.
Hivos and Practical Action have joined the global effort to eliminate energy poverty and support the UN goal of universal energy access by 2030. It should be highlighted though, thatdespite the availability of technical solutions, 1.3 billion people are still without any form of electricity and 2.7 billion people still cook over open fires. Practical Action believes that this represents a global technology injustice.
For Practical Action, ‘energy access’ means poor people having daily use of the energy they need for their wellbeing in terms of lighting, cooking and water heating, space heating, cooling, information and communications and earning a living. A set of minimum energy service standards called “Total Energy Access (TEA)”.Policy and action needs to recognize the full range of energy services which people need, want and have a right to. People need a range of energy technologies, services and supplies to avoid darkness, drudgery and ill health in the household. Energy can help them to earn a living, and so escape poverty.
Governments, too, must be held to account for their actions in supporting SE4ALL. That is why clear targets and monitoring must be agreed at national and international levels. Progress should be measured in terms of achievement of minimum standards for each of the principal energy services people need.Monitoring the reliability, quality, affordability and adequacy of supplies is also needed to improve services. The financial and other commitments made by governments and relevant organizations must be monitored in order to ensure that it helps deliver progress where it is needed most.
In addition, investment in energy access can and must be increased fast. Investment must increase by around a factor of five compared to 2009 levels. Domestic governments in developing countries should lead the way, supported in roughly equal measure by official development assistance and private investors. Public investment is limited so it must be targeted effectively, both on leveraging private sector investment and on delivering energy access where private sector finance cannot, or does not yet, operate.
The private sector is good at innovating and implementing but cannot invest in markets without effective demand. So, it is important to stimulate opportunities for a full range of providers to deliver Total Energy Access solutions, enhancing demand for energy solutions in forms people really need and want. For the UN goal of Universal Energy Access by 2030, it is estimated that 55 percent of all new electricity generated will be mini-grid or off-grid. The rest will come from national grid extension.
Helen Marsh, CEO of Practical Action gave an overview as follows:
- The SE4ALL Initiative is focused on working with stakeholders to deliver three key objectives by 2030 ;
- Ensuring Universal Access to modern energy services
- Doubling the share of renewables in the global energy mix
- Doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
The timeline of action is as follows:
• September 2011 - SE4ALL Initiative launched
• November 2011 - EC announce ‘Agenda for Change’ – energy priority for ODA
• April 2012 – SE4ALL Action Agenda launched
• June 2012 - Rio +20 – 52 countries endorse SE4ALL, $50b committed from private sector to the Initiative
• September 2012 – launch of ‘operational’ phase of the Initiative (country-focused)
• November 2012 – baseline report released (WB-led)
The key players are the UN (UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO), European Commission, Energy+, GIZ and the World Bank .The European Commission with the task of ‘Energising Development’ as this would demonstrate leadership on energy access through:
1) New Development Strategy ‘Agenda for Change’ prioritizing energy access in Sub Saharan Africa (2014 – 2020)
2) Launch of a €50m Technical Assistance Facility (by 2014)
3) Announcement of €500m commitment to ‘concrete energy access projects’ (by 2014)
In addition, The Energy+ which is a Norwegian government initiative is there to promote energy access and low carbon development, country government agreements already signed with Kenya, Liberia and Ethiopia (c.150m Euros). The World Bank also Leading the development of an SE4ALL baseline , a snapshot of the global picture of each of the goals in 2012 and establishing a tracking framework to define and monitor progress to 2030. As well as the Fifty two (52) priority countries having actively ‘opted in’ to the SE4ALL Initiative (22 of which are in sub Saharan Africa). All core Practical Action countries have endorsed, and will therefore take action on the Initiative.Twelve countries have been prioritized as ‘first-movers’ largely in Sub-Saharan Africa includingKenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, Ghana, Uganda, Burkina Faso and Sierra Leone.