Supplementary Table 1 Magnesium Composition of 92 Edible Food Balance Sheet (FBS) Items

Supplementary Table 1 Magnesium composition of 92 edible Food Balance Sheet (FBS) items for Eastern (E), Western (W) and Southern (S) Africa. Middle region countries use W data; Northern region countries use S data. Composition data are presented in the form mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, edible portion. Key to sources: b Ferguson et al. (1989); d Lukmanji et al. (2008); e US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) (2011); f Stadlmayr et al. (2010); i Korkalo et al. (2011); j Prynne and Paul (2011); l Wolmarans et al. (2010)

Region / Food Balance Sheet (FBS) item / Fitted item (nomenclature from original source) / Source / Magnesium (mg 100 g-1)
E / Apples / Apples, raw, with skin / d / 5
E / Aquatic Animals, Others / Fish, fresh / d / 21
E / Aquatic Plants / Seaweed, agar, raw / e / 67
E / Bananas / Banana, ripe / d / 27
E / Barley / Barley, pearled, cooked / l / 22
E / Beans / Beans, kidney, mature, boiled without salt / d / 45
E / Beer / Beer, commercial / d / 6
E / Beverages, Alcoholic / spirits (gin, rum, vodka, whiskey) / i / 0
E / Beverages, Fermented / Beer, local, grain / d / 6
E / Bovine Meat / Beef, medium fat, cooked / d / 23
E / Butter, Ghee / Butter refined-ghee / d / 1
E / Cassava / Cassava, boiled / d / 10
E / Cephalopods / Molluscs, squid, mixed species, raw / e / 33
E / Cereals, Other / Wheat, flour, whole grain / d / 22
E / Citrus, Other / Orange, raw (all portion) / d / 10
E / Cloves / Spices, cloves, ground / e / 264
E / Cocoa Beans / Cocoa, dry powder, unsweetened / e / 499
E / Coconut Oil / Coconut oil / d / 0
E / Coconuts - Incl Copra / Coconut meat, raw / d / 32
E / Coffee / Coffee without milk, with sugar, / d / 0
E / Cottonseed Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
E / Cream / Cream, fresh, dessert (min 20% fat) / l / 8
E / Crustaceans / Crabs / b / 259
E / Dates / Date, red, dried / d / 26
E / Demersal Fish / Fish, fresh / d / 21
E / Eggs / Egg, chicken / d / 10
E / Fats, Animals, Raw / Animal fat, bacon grease / e / 0
E / Fish, Body Oil / Fish oil, sardine / e / 0
E / Fish, Liver Oil / Cod liver oil / d / 0
E / Freshwater Fish / madambane, dried, includes bones / i / 175
E / Fruits, Other / Mango, ripe, fresh (edible portion) / d / 9
E / Grapefruit / Grapefruit / d / 9
E / Grapes / Grape / d / 5
E / Groundnut Oil / Peanut oil / l / 0
E / Groundnuts (Shelled Equivalent) / Groundnuts / d / 168
E / Honey / Honey / d / 2
E / Lemons, Limes / Lemon, raw, without peel / d / 8
E / Maize / Maize, dried, raw / d / 127
E / Maize Germ Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
E / Marine Fish, Other / Fish, fresh / d / 21
E / Meat, Aquatic Mammals / Fish, fresh / d / 21
E / Meat, Other / Goat meat / d / 23
E / Milk - Excluding Butter / Milk whole, 0.0325 milk fat / d / 11
E / Millet / Millet, finger, grain or flour / d / 27
E / Molluscs, Other / Molluscs, snail, raw / e / 250
E / Mutton & Goat Meat / Goat meat / d / 23
E / Nuts / Cashewnut / d / 296
E / Oats / Oats, rolled or oatmeal, uncooked / l / 153
E / Offals, Edible / Beef, tripe / d / 14
E / Oilcrops Oil, Other / Vegetable oil / d / 0
E / Oilcrops, Other / Linseed / l / 346
E / Olive Oil / Olive oil / l / 0
E / Olives / Olives, pickled, canned or bottled, green / e / 11
E / Onions / Onion, raw / d / 10
E / Oranges, Mandarines / Orange, raw (all portion) / d / 10
E / Palm Oil / Palm oil / d / 0
E / Palmkernel Oil / Palm oil / d / 0
E / Peas / Pea, green, fresh / d / 39
E / Pelagic Fish / Fish, fresh / d / 21
E / Pepper / Spices, pepper, black / e / 194
E / Pigmeat / Pork, medium fat, cooked / d / 17
E / Pimento / Pepper dried or fresh, hot / d / 11
E / Pineapples / Pineapple, raw, all variety / d / 14
E / Plantains / Plantain, ripe, raw / f / 37
E / Potatoes / Potato, English, cooked / d / 25
E / Poultry Meat / Chicken, boiled or roasted / d / 20
E / Pulses, Other / Pigeon peas, cooked / d / 43
E / Rape and Mustard Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
E / Rice (Milled Equivalent) / Rice, fried and boiled / d / 20
E / Ricebran Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
E / Roots, Other / Taro, raw / d / 33
E / Rye / Wheat, flour, whole grain / d / 22
E / Sesameseed / Sesame seed / d / 351
E / Sesameseed Oil / Sesame oil / d / 0
E / Sorghum / Sorghum / d / 34
E / Soyabean Oil / Soybean oil / l / 0
E / Soyabeans / Soybean, yellow / d / 280
E / Spices, Other / Spices, allspice, ground / e / 135
E / Sugar (Raw Equivalent) / Sugar / d / 0
E / Sugar Beet / Beets, raw / e / 23
E / Sugar Cane / Sugarcane / d / 2
E / Sugar, Non-Centrifugal / Sugarcane juice / d / 4
E / Sunflowerseed / Sunflower seed / d / 347
E / Sunflowerseed Oil / Sunflower oil / l / 0
E / Sweet Potatoes / Sweet potato, fresh (edible portion) / d / 20
E / Sweeteners, Other / Sweeteners, tabletop, fructose, dry, powder / e / 0
E / Tea / Tea leaves / d / 2
E / Tomatoes / Tomato, ripe / d / 11
E / Vegetables, Other / Cabbage, cooked / d / 12
E / Wheat / Wheat, flour, whole grain / d / 22
E / Wine / Wine, red/ white/ rose, dry/ semi-sweet/ sparkling (alc 12% v/v; 9.4% w/w) / l / 10
E / Yams / Yam, raw / d / 26
S / Apples / Apple, average, raw / l / 3
S / Aquatic Animals, Others / Sole, grilled / l / 58
S / Aquatic Plants / Seaweed, agar, raw / e / 67
S / Bananas / Banana, raw (peeled) / l / 21
S / Barley / Barley, pearled, cooked / l / 22
S / Beans / Beans, sugar, dried, raw / l / 164
S / Beer / Beer, average (alc 4.6% v/v; s.6% w/w) / l / 9
S / Beverages, Alcoholic / Spirit, Brandy/ Gin/ Whisky/ Cane/ Vodka/ Rum (alc 43% v/v; 36% w/w) / l / 0
S / Beverages, Fermented / Beer, sorghum (alc 2-3% w/w) / l / 14
S / Bovine Meat / Beef, raw / l / 19
S / Butter, Ghee / Butter ghee (clarified butter) / l / 0
S / Cassava / Cassava, boiled / d / 10
S / Cephalopods / Molluscs, squid, mixed species, raw / e / 33
S / Cereals, Other / Wheat, whole / l / 68
S / Citrus, Other / Orange, raw (peeled) / l / 8
S / Cloves / Spices, cloves, ground / e / 264
S / Cocoa Beans / Cocoa powder / l / 520
S / Coconut Oil / Coconut oil / d / 0
S / Coconuts - Incl Copra / Coconut, flesh, raw / l / 47
S / Coffee / Coffee, brewed/ instant / l / 5
S / Cottonseed Oil / Vegetable oil (50% sunflower, 30% maize, 20% peanut) / l / 0
S / Cream / Cream, fresh, dessert (min 20% fat) / l / 8
S / Crustaceans / Crab, fresh, cooked / l / 33
S / Dates / Date, raw / l / 24
S / Demersal Fish / Haddock, smoked, steamed / l / 54
S / Eggs / Egg, chicken, whole, raw / l / 9
S / Fats, Animals, Raw / Lard / l / 0
S / Fish, Body Oil / Cod liver oil / l / 0
S / Fish, Liver Oil / Cod liver oil / l / 0
S / Freshwater Fish / Trout, rainbow, grilled / l / 39
S / Fruits, Other / Mango, raw (peeled) / l / 10
S / Grapefruit / Grapefruit, raw (peeled) / l / 8
S / Grapes / Grape, average, raw / l / 7
S / Groundnut Oil / Peanut oil / l / 0
S / Groundnuts (Shelled Equivalent) / Peanuts, raw / l / 168
S / Honey / Honey / l / 2
S / Lemons, Limes / Lemon, raw (without peel) / l / 9
S / Maize / Maize, whole kernel, raw (white) / l / 123
S / Maize Germ Oil / Vegetable oil (50% sunflower, 30% maize, 20% peanut) / l / 0
S / Marine Fish, Other / Sole, grilled / l / 58
S / Meat, Aquatic Mammals / Sole, grilled / l / 58
S / Meat, Other / Venison (buck/deer), roasted / l / 24
S / Milk - Excluding Butter / Milk, full fat/whole, fresh / l / 12
S / Millet / Millet, cooked / l / 44
S / Molluscs, Other / Oyster, raw / l / 54
S / Mutton & Goat Meat / Goat, raw / l / 0
S / Nuts / Cashew nut, dry-roasted, unsalted / l / 260
S / Oats / Oats, rolled or oatmeal, uncooked / l / 153
S / Offals, Edible / Offal, cooked (tripe/brawn/brain/tongue) / l / 10
S / Oilcrops Oil, Other / Vegetable oil (50% sunflower, 30% maize, 20% peanut) / l / 0
S / Oilcrops, Other / Linseed / l / 346
S / Olive Oil / Olive oil / l / 0
S / Olives / Olive, ripe, canned, drained, pitted / l / 4
S / Onions / Onion, raw / l / 12
S / Oranges, Mandarines / Orange, raw (peeled) / l / 8
S / Palm Oil / Palm oil / d / 0
S / Palmkernel Oil / Vegetable oil (50% sunflower, 30% maize, 20% peanut) / l / 0
S / Peas / Peas, raw / l / 28
S / Pelagic Fish / Fish, high fat, steamed, e.g. salmon / l / 29
S / Pepper / Pepper, black / l / 194
S / Pigmeat / Pork, raw (fat untrimmed) / l / 13
S / Pimento / Pepper, sweet, red, raw / l / 10
S / Pineapples / Pineapple, raw (peeled) / l / 10
S / Plantains / Plantain, ripe, raw / f / 37
S / Potatoes / Potato, raw (flesh and skin) / l / 15
S / Poultry Meat / Chicken, white meat, fresh, raw / l / 28
S / Pulses, Other / Lentils, split, raw / l / 107
S / Rape and Mustard Oil / Vegetable oil (50% sunflower, 30% maize, 20% peanut) / l / 0
S / Rice (Milled Equivalent) / Rice, white, cooked / l / 13
S / Ricebran Oil / Vegetable oil (50% sunflower, 30% maize, 20% peanut) / l / 0
S / Roots, Other / Amadumbe/ Taro, tuber, raw (flesh only) / l / 33
S / Rye / Wheat, whole / l / 68
S / Sesameseed / Sesame seed, dried, hulled / l / 347
S / Sesameseed Oil / Sesame oil / d / 0
S / Sorghum / Sorghum / d / 34
S / Soyabean Oil / Soybean oil / l / 0
S / Soyabeans / Soybeans, dried, raw / l / 280
S / Spices, Other / Turmeric, ground / l / 193
S / Sugar (Raw Equivalent) / Sugar, white, granulated / l / 0
S / Sugar Beet / Beetroot, raw (flesh and skin) / l / 26
S / Sugar Cane / Sugarcane / d / 2
S / Sugar, Non-Centrifugal / Sugarcane juice / d / 4
S / Sunflowerseed / Sunflower seed, dried / l / 354
S / Sunflowerseed Oil / Sunflower oil / l / 0
S / Sweet Potatoes / Sweet potato (White fleshed), raw (flesh only) / l / 13
S / Sweeteners, Other / Sweeteners, tabletop, fructose, dry, powder / e / 0
S / Tea / Tea, brewed / l / 3
S / Tomatoes / Tomato, raw / l / 11
S / Vegetables, Other / Cabbage, Chinese (Pe-tsai), raw / l / 7
S / Wheat / Wheat, whole / l / 68
S / Wine / Wine, red/white/ rose, dry/semi-sweet/sparkling (alc 12% v/v; 9.4% w/w) / l / 10
S / Yams / Yam, raw / d / 26
W / Apples / Apples, raw, with skin / d / 5
W / Aquatic Animals, Others / Fish, fresh / d / 21
W / Aquatic Plants / Seaweed, agar, raw / e / 67
W / Bananas / Banana, fruit, raw / f / 34
W / Barley / Barley, pearled, cooked / l / 22
W / Beans / Beans, boiled / j / 65
W / Beer / Beer europe (4.4% alcohol) / f / 7
W / Beverages, Alcoholic / Alcoholic beverage, distilled, all (gin, rum, vodka, whiskey) 80 proof / e / 0
W / Beverages, Fermented / Beer, local, grain / d / 6
W / Bovine Meat / Beef, meat, approx. 20% fat, raw / f / 28
W / Butter, Ghee / Butter refined-ghee / d / 1
W / Cassava / Cassava, raw / f / 21
W / Cephalopods / Molluscs, squid, mixed species, raw / e / 33
W / Cereals, Other / Fonio, white, whole grain, raw / f / 430
W / Citrus, Other / Orange, raw / f / 11
W / Cloves / Spices, cloves, ground / e / 264
W / Cocoa Beans / Cocoa, dry powder, unsweetened / e / 499
W / Coconut Oil / Coconut oil / f / 0
W / Coconuts - Incl Copra / Coconut, raw / f / 39
W / Coffee / Coffee without milk, with sugar, / d / 0
W / Cottonseed Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
W / Cream / Ice cream / d / 12
W / Crustaceans / Shellfish, boiled / j / 112
W / Dates / Date, red, dried / d / 26
W / Demersal Fish / White grouper, raw / f / 35
W / Eggs / Egg, raw / f / 11
W / Fats, Animals, Raw / Animal fat, bacon grease / e / 0
W / Fish, Body Oil / Fish oil, sardine / e / 0
W / Fish, Liver Oil / Cod liver oil / d / 0
W / Freshwater Fish / Challo, flesh only / j / 18
W / Fruits, Other / Mango, ripe, fruit, raw / f / 12
W / Grapefruit / Grapefruit / d / 9
W / Grapes / Grape / d / 5
W / Groundnut Oil / Groundnut oil / f / 0
W / Groundnuts (Shelled Equivalent) / Groundnut, dried, raw / f / 185
W / Honey / Honey / f / 10
W / Lemons, Limes / Lemon, fruit, raw / f / 16
W / Maize / Maize, white, whole, dried, raw / f / 85
W / Maize Germ Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
W / Marine Fish, Other / Sardine, raw / f / 41
W / Meat, Aquatic Mammals / Fish, fresh / d / 21
W / Meat, Other / Rabbit, meat, raw / f / 25
W / Milk - Excluding Butter / Milk, cow, whole, raw / f / 14
W / Millet / Pearl millet, raw / f / 97
W / Molluscs, Other / Molluscs, snail, raw / e / 250
W / Mutton & Goat Meat / Lamb, meat not specified, raw / f / 20
W / Nuts / Cashew nut, raw / f / 267
W / Oats / Oats, rolled or oatmeal, uncooked / l / 153
W / Offals, Edible / Beef liver, raw / f / 131
W / Oilcrops Oil, Other / Vegetable oil / d / 0
W / Oilcrops, Other / Linseed / l / 346
W / Olive Oil / Olive oil / l / 0
W / Olives / Olives, pickled, canned or bottled, green / e / 11
W / Onions / Onion, raw / f / 7
W / Oranges, Mandarines / Orange, raw / f / 11
W / Palm Oil / Palm oil / f / 0
W / Palmkernel Oil / Palm oil / f / 0
W / Peas / Pea, green, fresh / d / 39
W / Pelagic Fish / Mackerel, spanish, raw / f / 26
W / Pepper / Spices, pepper, black / e / 194
W / Pigmeat / Pork, meat, approx. 40%fat, raw / f / 12
W / Pimento / Chilli pepper, fresh / j / 42
W / Pineapples / Pineapple, pulp, raw / f / 9
W / Plantains / Plantain, ripe, raw / f / 37
W / Potatoes / Potato, raw / f / 27
W / Poultry Meat / Chicken, flesh only, raw / f / 25
W / Pulses, Other / Cowpea, dried, raw / f / 41
W / Rape and Mustard Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
W / Rice (Milled Equivalent) / Rice, white, raw / f / 35
W / Ricebran Oil / Vegetable oil / d / 0
W / Roots, Other / Taro, tuber, raw / f / 33
W / Rye / Wheat, flour, whole grain / d / 22
W / Sesameseed / Sesame seed / d / 351
W / Sesameseed Oil / Sesame oil / d / 0
W / Sorghum / Sorghum, whole grain, raw / f / 559