Supplementary material (available on line, not printed form)
Appendix S1: Vegetation map of the 20 landcover typesin DadiaNational Park and sites sampled. Forest types: P - pine , Q - oak, BL - broadleaved
Appendix S2: Sites sampled in the DadiaNational Park. Habitat codes refer to Annex I of the Directive 92/43/EEC (European Commission 2003). Codes in parenthesis refer to the additional Hellenic habitat types (Dafis et al 2001).
Site code / Site description / Habitat typecode / Site area (ha)
Pinewoods / P1 / (Sub-) Mediterranean pine forests (Pinus nigra) / *9530 / 5
P2 / Mediterranean pine forests (Pinus brutia) / 9540 / 20
P3a
P3b / Mediterranean pine forests (P. brutia) with scrub undergrowth / 9540 / 15
5
Pine-oak forests / PQa
PQb / Thermophilous pine-oak forests / 9540 X (924A) / 20
20
Oak forests / Q1 / Thermophilous oak woodlands (Quercus .frainetto/cerris) / (924A) / 20
Q2a
Q2b / Thermophilous oak woodlands (Quercus pubescens) / (924A) / 20
20
Q3a
Q3b / Thermophilous oak woodlands (Q.pubescens) with scrub undergrowth / (924A) / 20
20
Q4 / Q. pubescens open woodlands / (924A) / 20
Broad-leaved woods / BL1a
BL1b / Alluvial forests (Alnus glutinosa) / *91E0 / 10
10
BL2a
BL2b / Scrubs and woodlands with Arbutus unedo. / 9340 / 15
15
BL3 / Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub (Ph. latifolia) X pseudosteppe with grasses and annuals. / (934A) X *6220 / 10
Heaths / Ha
Hb / Garrigues of Eastern Mediterranean (Erica arborea) / (5340) / 10
10
Grasslands / G1 / Pseudomaquis X Mediterranean tall humid grasslands / (5350) X 6420 / 10
G2a
G2b / Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals / *6220 / 5
10
G3 / Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates / 6210 / 5
Agricultural / A1a / Field crops / (1020) / 20
Land / A1b / (1020) / 20
A2a / Rural mosaics (field with hedges) / (1020) / 20
A2b / (1020) / 20
Mosaics / M1a
M1b / Mosaic: pseudomaquis X lowland hay meadows / (5350) X 6510 / 20
20
M2 / Mosaic: pseudomaquis x lowland hay meadows X Mediterranean humid grasslands / (5350) X 6510 X 6420 / 10
Total / 30 / 16 / 445
*Priority habitat type of Annex I of the Dir. 92/43/EEC.
Appendix S3: Database of the 189 species of the six biological groups used in data analysis (see Kati et al. 2004b)
Woody plants / Orchids / Platycleis escalerai / Emberiza melanocephalaAcer monspessulanum / Anacamptis pyramidalis / Platycleis incerta / Erithacus rubecula
Alnus glutinosa / Cephalanthera epipactoides / Platycleis intermedia / Fringilla coelebs
Arbutus andrachne / Cephalanthera longifolia / Platycleis sepium / Galerida cristata
Asphodelus aestivus / Cephalanthera rubra / Poecilimon brunneri / Garrulus glandarius
Carpinus orientalis / Dactylorhiza romana / Poecilimon zwicki / Hippolais olivetorum
Cistus salviaefolius / Epipactis helleborine / Pterolepis germanica / Hippolais pallida
Clematis vitalba / Himantoglossum caprinum / Sphingonotus caerulans / Hirundo rustica
Clematis viticella / Limodorum abortivum / Tettigonia viridissima / Lanius collurio
Colutera arborescens / Ophrys mammosa / Tylopsis lilifolia / Lanius senator
Cornus mas / Orchis coriophora / Aq. herpetofauna / Lullula arborea
Cornus sanguinea / Orchis fragans / Bombina variegata / Luscinia megarhynchos
Crataegus monogyna / Orchis laxiflora / Bufo bufo / Melanocorypha calandra
Cytisus villosus / Orchis mascula / Pseudepidalea viridis / Milaria calandra
Erica arborea / Orchis morio group / Emys orbicularis / Motacilla alba
Ficus carica / Orchis purpurea / Hyla arborea / Motacilla cinerea
Fraxinus ornus / Orchis tridentata / Mauremys rivulata / Muscicapa striata
Jasminus fruticans / Orchis ustulata / Rana dalmatina / Oenathe oenathe
Juniperus oxycedrus / Platanthera clorantha / Pelophylax ridibundus / Oriolus oriolus
Ligustrum vulgare / Serapias vomeracea / Lissotriton vulgaris / Parus caeruleus
Lonicera sp. / Orthoptera / Ter. herpetofauna / Parus lugubris
Loranthus sp. / Acrida ungarica / Ablepharus kitaibelii / Parus major
Malus sp / Acrometopa servillea / Lacerta viridis/trilineata / Parus palustris
Morus alba / Acrotylus insubricus / Pseudopus apodus / Passer domesticus
Paliurus spina-christi / Acrotylus patruelis / Ophisops elegans / Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Phyllirea latifolia / Aiolopus strepens / Podarcis erhardii / Phylloscopus bonelli
Pinus brutia / Bucephaloptera bucephala / Podarcis muralis / Phylloscopus collybita
Pinus nigra / Calliptamus barbarus / Podarcis taurica / Picus viridis
Populus nigra / Chorthippus bornhalmi / Testudo graeca / Regulus ignicapillus
Prunus dulcis / Chorthippus parallelus / Eurotestudo hermanni / Riparia riparia
Prunus persica / Conocephalus hastatus / Birds / Saxicola rubetra
Prunus spinosa / Decticus verrucivorus / Aegithalos caudatus / Saxicola torquata
Pyrus amygdaliformis / Dociostaurus maroccanus / Alauda arvensis / Serinus serinus
Pyrus communis / Euchorthippus declivus / Anthus campestris / Sitta europaea
Pyrus sp. / Gryllus campestris / Calandrella brachydactyla / Streptopelia decaocto
Quercus cerris / Locusta migratoria / Carduelis carduelis / Streptopelia turtur
Quercus frainetto / Melanogryllus desertus / Carduelis chloris / Sturnus vulgaris
Quercus pubescens / Metrioptera oblongicollis / Certhia brachydactyla / Sylvia atricapilla
Rosa glutinosa / Oecanthus pellucens / Cettia cetti / Sylvia cantillans
Rubus sp. / Oedaleus decorus / Coccothraustes coccothraustes / Sylvia communis
Rubus ulmifolius / Oedipoda caerulescens / Corvus corax / Sylvia curruca
Salix cinerea / Oedipoda germanica / Corvus corone / Sylvia hortensis
Salix fragilis / Oedipoda miniata / Delichon urbica / Sylvia melanocephala
Sambucus nigra / Omocestus minutus / Dendrocopos major / Troglodytes troglodytes
Sorbus domestica / Omocestus rufipes / Dendrocopos medius / Turdus merula
Sorbus torminalis / Paracaloptenus caloptenoides / Dendrocopos minor / Turdus philomelos
Tamus communis / Paranocarodes chopardi / Dendrocopos syriacus / Turdus viscivorus
Ulmus sp. / Pezotettix giornae / Emberiza cirlus / Upupa epops
Vitis vinifera / Pholidoptera aptera / Emberiza hortulana
1
Appendix S4: Ecological heterogeneity indices and species richness for each site sampled
Ecological Heterogeneity Indices / Species richnessSite code / SIDI / ECON / SHAPE / NL / 1/D / Total / Woody plants / Orchids / Orthoptera / Aquatic
herpetofauna / Terrestrial
herpetofauna / Birds
P1 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.33 / 2.00 / 1.50 / 29 / 1 / 2 / 7 / 1 / 3 / 15
P2 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.38 / 4.00 / 2.80 / 25 / 2 / 1 / 2 / 0 / 2 / 18
P3a / 0.01 / 18.53 / 1.29 / 4.00 / 5.26 / 39 / 8 / 1 / 8 / 0 / 2 / 20
P3b / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.53 / 2.00 / 2.25 / 32 / 6 / 1 / 8 / 0 / 3 / 14
PQa / 0.60 / 13.52 / 2.01 / 5.00 / 4.59 / 55 / 14 / 6 / 12 / 0 / 4 / 19
PQb / 0.35 / 9.51 / 1.68 / 5.00 / 3.27 / 61 / 13 / 4 / 12 / 4 / 4 / 24
Q1 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.30 / 2.00 / 1.50 / 39 / 3 / 4 / 9 / 0 / 2 / 21
Q2a / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.50 / 2.00 / 1.67 / 41 / 2 / 0 / 17 / 0 / 5 / 17
Q2b / 0.12 / 0.00 / 1.91 / 2.00 / 1.50 / 32 / 2 / 0 / 8 / 0 / 3 / 19
Q3a / 0.29 / 7.89 / 1.58 / 4.00 / 5.26 / 49 / 5 / 1 / 11 / 0 / 7 / 25
Q3b / 0.34 / 0.00 / 2.92 / 3.00 / 4.00 / 56 / 7 / 0 / 15 / 0 / 7 / 27
Q4 / 0.54 / 15.75 / 1.62 / 5.00 / 5.99 / 64 / 9 / 6 / 19 / 0 / 3 / 27
BL1a / 0.30 / 9.39 / 2.29 / 3.00 / 2.10 / 48 / 12 / 0 / 3 / 3 / 2 / 28
BL1b / 0.59 / 2.53 / 1.84 / 4.00 / 2.80 / 31 / 2 / 0 / 3 / 3 / 2 / 21
BL2a / 0.30 / 6.78 / 1.21 / 3.00 / 2.10 / 40 / 7 / 3 / 6 / 0 / 1 / 23
BL2b / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.15 / 4.00 / 2.80 / 38 / 7 / 2 / 6 / 0 / 0 / 23
BL3 / 0.49 / 8.88 / 2.38 / 1.00 / 1.00 / 39 / 5 / 0 / 10 / 0 / 2 / 22
Ha / 0.08 / 0.00 / 1.28 / 2.00 / 1.50 / 42 / 3 / 0 / 11 / 0 / 6 / 22
Hb / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.25 / 2.00 / 1.50 / 36 / 4 / 0 / 10 / 0 / 4 / 18
G1 / 0.60 / 3.31 / 1.84 / 3.00 / 10.00 / 59 / 7 / 5 / 15 / 3 / 3 / 26
G2a / 0.04 / 0.00 / 1.35 / 3.00 / 5.99 / 36 / 6 / 0 / 7 / 0 / 3 / 20
G2b / 0.38 / 0.00 / 2.13 / 3.00 / 5.99 / 42 / 6 / 0 / 9 / 2 / 4 / 21
G3 / 0.16 / 0.00 / 1.57 / 2.00 / 3.00 / 40 / 4 / 0 / 13 / 0 / 2 / 21
A1a / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.11 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 37 / 1 / 0 / 15 / 4 / 2 / 15
A1b / 0.16 / 17.67 / 3.07 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 41 / 2 / 0 / 13 / 5 / 2 / 19
A2a / 0.42 / 86.09 / 4.69 / 4.00 / 10.00 / 72 / 16 / 0 / 16 / 4 / 2 / 34
A2b / 0.48 / 69.70 / 4.80 / 4.00 / 7.52 / 74 / 19 / 0 / 13 / 6 / 2 / 34
M1a / 0.66 / 0.00 / 2.63 / 5.00 / 9.35 / 80 / 21 / 8 / 11 / 2 / 2 / 36
M1b / 0.73 / 7.17 / 1.98 / 4.00 / 5.26 / 58 / 9 / 0 / 12 / 3 / 3 / 31
M2 / 0.67 / 5.56 / 2.23 / 5.00 / 10.53 / 77 / 10 / 7 / 17 / 5 / 5 / 33
SIDI: Simpson’s Diversity Index of landcover types, ECON: mean edge contrast index, SHAPE: area-weighted mean patch shape index, NL: Number of vegetation layers, 1/D: Simpson’s Diversity Index of vertical structure.
Appendix S5: Average proportion (%) of the species richness that is maintained in a number of λmaxreserve networks, designed after the four approaches for each group. In , where λ = 1, 2, 3… λmax number of sites, designed after the four approaches. In the complementary approach, 100% of species are preserved in the network of λ max number of sites, but less
Biological group / Stot / λ max / Reserve design approachComplementary / Scoring / EH / CEH / Random
woody plants / 48 / 8 / 83 / 79 / 64 / 48 / 38
orchids / 19 / 5 / 79 / 72 / 62 / 45 / 24
orthoptera / 38 / 5 / 82 / 75 / 64 / 66 / 47
aquatic herpetofauna / 9 / 3 / 85 / 81 / 67 / 74 / 26
terrestrial herpetofauna / 9 / 3 / 89 / 85 / 56 / 63 / 42
birds / 66 / 9 / 85 / 80 / 75 / 69 / 62
all groups / 189 / 33 / 84 / 79 / 65 / 61 / 40