Supplementary information

Table S1. Geographic origin, Bos taurus breeds, samples size, and reference or GenBank accession numbers.

Gographic origin / Breed / n / Reference/Acc. Number
Tuscany / Cabannina / 12 / 66 / AY700411-AY700422
Calvana / 9 / AY700423-AY700431
Chianina / 32 / AY700474-AY700505
Maremmana / 13 / AY700506-AY700518
Northern Italy / Italian Red Pied / 11 / 57 / AY700519-AY700529
Piedmontese / 11 / AY700530-AY700540
Rendena / 10 / AY700556-AY700565
Romagnola / 15 / AY700541-AY700555
Romagnola / 10 / [1]
Southern Italy / Cinisara / 8 / 51 / AY700432-AY700439
Italian Podolian / 34 / AY700440-AY700473
Modicana / 9 / AY700402-AY700410
Iberian Peninsula / Alistana / 11 / 81 / [3]
Barrenda / 11 / [1]
Retinta / 16 / [3]
Portuguese breeds / 43 / [2]
Balkan Peninsula / Katerini / 12 / 32 / DQ518325-DQ518336
Sikias / 12 / [1]
Rodopska / 8 / [4]
Eastern Europe
(Balkan Range and Eastern Plains) / Illyaska / 8 / 48 / [4]
Busa / 10 / [4]
Slovakian Red / 8 / [4]
Hungarian Grey / 12 / [4]
Suri / 10 / [4]
Britain / Aberdeen Angus / 11 / 63 / [1]
Galloway / 17 / [1]
Hereford / 12 / [1]
Highland / 12 / [1]
Jersey / 11 / [1]
Mainland Europe / Charolais / 12 / 53 / [1]
German Black / 7 / [1]
Holstein Friesian / 12 / [1]
Limousine / 10 / [1]
Simmenthal / 12 / [1]
Western-fringe Europe / Icelandic / 12 / 50 / [1]
Kerry / 10 / [1]
Norwegian Red / 12 / [1]
Telemark / 5 / [1]
Westland Fjord / 11 / [1]
Middle East / Damascus / 12 / 36 / [1]
Iraqi / 14 / [1]
Kurdish / 10 / [1]
Anatolia / Anatolian Black / 16 / 62 / [1, 4]
East Anatolian Red / 14 / [1, 4]
South Anatolian Red / 16 / [1, 4
Turkish Grey / 16 / [1, 4]
Egypt / Egyptian / 11 / 32 / [1]
Baladi / 21 / [4]

References

1.  Troy, C. S., MacHugh, D. E., Bailey, J. F., Magee, D. A., Loftus, R. T., Cunningham, P., Chamberlain, A. T., Sykes, B. C. & Bradley, D. G. 2001 Genetic evidence for Near-Eastern origins of European cattle. Nature 410, 1088-1091.

2.  Cymbron, T., Loftus, R. T., Malheiro, M. I, & Bradley, D. G. 1999 Mitochondrial sequence variation suggests an African influence in Portuguese cattle. Proc. R. Soc. B 266, 597-603.Miretti M M, Dunner S, Naves M, Contel E P, Ferro J A (2004) Predominant African-derived mtDNA in Caribbean and Brazilian Creole cattle is also found in Spanish cattle (Bos taurus). J Hered 95: 450-453.

3.  Miretti, M. M., Dunner, S., Naves, M., Contel, E. P. & Ferro, J. A. 2004 Predominant African-Derived mtDNA in Caribbean and Brazilian Creole Cattle is also Found in Spanish Cattle Bos taurus. J. Hered. 95, 450-453. (DOI 10.1093/jhered/esh070)

4.  Beja-Pereira, A., Caramelli, D., Lalueza-Fox, C., Vernesi, C., Ferrand, N., Casoli, A., Goyache, F., Royo, L. J., Conti, S., Lari, M., Martini, A., Ouragh, L., Magid, A., Atash, A., Zsolnai, A., Boscato, P., Triantaphylidis, C., Ploumi, K., Sineo, L., Mallegni, F., Taberlet, P., Erhardt, G., Sampietro, L., Bertranpetit, J., Barbujani, G., Luikart, G. & Bertorelle, G. 2006 The origin of European cattle: Evidence from modern and ancient DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 103, 8113-8118. (DOI 10.1073/pnas.0509210103)