Supplemental Table 1 Species of energy plants in China and their geographical distribution (province).

Species / Distribution
Anacardiaceae
Pistacia chinensis Bunge. 1 / Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi
Pistacia weinmannifolia J. Poisson ex Franch. 1 / Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi
Araceae
Colocasia esculenta L. Schott. 2 / Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan
Asclepiadaceae
Calotropis gigantea
(L.) Dryand. 1 / Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
Bombaeaceae
Bombax malabaricum DC. 1 / Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Fujian, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou
Brassicaceae
Brassica campestris L. 1 / Throughout the country
Chenopodiaceae
Beta vulgaris L. 3 / Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Shaanxi, Hebei, Shanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang
Compositae
Carthamus tinctorius L. 1 / Throughout the country
Helianthus annuus L. 1 / Throughout the country
Helianthus tuberosus L. 2 / Throughout the country
Ixeris chinensis (Thunb). Nakai. 1 / Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning，Jilin，Shaanxi, Gansu
Xanthium sibiricum
Patrin ex Widder 1 / Throughout the country
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. 2 / Throughout the country
Cornaceae
Cornus wilsoniana Wanger. 1 / Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbia lathyris L. 1 / Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Xinjiang
Euphorbia tirucalli L. 1 / Southern China, such as Guangxi, Hainan
Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg. 1 / Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan
Jatropha curcas L. 1 / Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hainan
Manihot esculenta Crantz. 2 / Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Guizhou, Yunnan
Ricinus communis L. 1 / Throughout the country
Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb 1 / Yangtze River and Pearl River Basin
Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) Airy Shaw. 1 / Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei
Flacourtiaceae
ldesia polycarpa Maxim. 1 / Zhejiang, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi
Gramineae
Achnatherum sibiricum (L.) Keng. 4 / Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang
Achnatherum splendens (Trin.) Nevski. 4 / Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang
Agropyron elongatum (Host). Beauv. 4 / Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet
Agropyron mongolicum Keng. 4 / Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Gansu and Xinjiang
Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth. 4 / Throughout the country
Elymus dahuricus Turcz. 4 / Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Tibet
Hordeum bogdanii Vilensky. 4 / Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang
Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. 4 / Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Xinjiang
Leymus racemosus (Lam.) Tzvel. 4 / Xinjiang
Leymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvel. 4 / Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan
Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. 4 / Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi
Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. 4 / Throughout the country
Pennisetum purpureum Schum. 4 / Guangdong, Taiwan, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Hunan,
Roegneria brevipes Keng. 4 / Qinghai, Sichuan and Tibet
Saccharum officinarum L. 3 / Guangdong, Taiwan, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Zhejiang, Hubei
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. 3 / Throughout the country
Triticum aestivum L.4 / Throughout the country
Zea mays L.4 / Throughout the country
Guttiferae
Garcinia multiflora Champ. 1 / Guangdong, Hainan
Juglandaceae
Pterocarya stenoptera C. DC. 1 / Throughout the country
Lauraceae
Cinnamomum petrophilum N. 1 / Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Guangdong, Hubei
Litsea pungens Hemsl. 1 / Tibet, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou，Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian
Leguminosae
Arachis hypogaea L. 1 / Throughout the country
Glycine max (L.) Merr. 1 / Throughout the country
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) De Wit.cv. 1 / Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan
Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre ex Merr. 1 / Guangdong, Taiwan
Sindora glabra Merr. ex de Wit. 1 / Hainan
Malvaceae
Gossypium herbaceum L. 1 / Xinjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Hubei, Shandong, Hebei, Anhui
Myrtaceae
Eucalyptus robusta Smith. 1 / Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Fujian, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi
Oleaceae
Olea europaea L. 1 / Gansu
Palmae
Borassus flabellifer L. 1 / Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan
Elaeis guineensis Jacq. 1 / Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan
Pinaceae
Pinus armandii Franch. 1 / Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou, Taiwan
Pittosporaceae
Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Ait. 1 / Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu
Rosaceae
Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. 1 / Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Henan
Photinia serrulata Lindl. 1 / Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
Salicaceae
Populus bolleana Lauche. 4 / Throughout the country
Salix matsudana Koidz. 4 / Throughout the country
Sapindaceae
Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. 1 / Gansu, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan
Solanaceae
Solanum tuberosum L. 2 / Throughout the country
Zygophyllaceae
Tetraena mongolica Maxim. 1 / Inner Mongolia, Ningxia

1.Oilseed crops for biodiesel, 2.Starch-producing crops, 3.Sugar-producing crops, 4.Lignocellulosic biomass