Supplemental Table 1: Distribution of the sample population by community type

Community / Type / Number of HH / Number of Individ
Bugembe / Fragment / 5 / 32
Bwendera / Fragment / 9 / 39
Byara 1 / Fragment / 5 / 36
Byara 2 / Fragment / 7 / 31
Isule / Forest Edge / 5 / 28
Isunga / Fragment / 7 / 36
Itale / Control / 5 / 37
Kaburara / Forest Edge / 5 / 30
Kamakune 1 / Fragment / 7 / 34
Kamakune 2 / Fragment / 4 / 16
Kanyamuhoko 1 / Forest Edge / 5 / 37
Kanyamuhoko 2 / Forest Edge / 5 / 37
Kanyansohera 1 / Forest Edge / 7 / 34
Kanyansohera 2 / Forest Edge / 5 / 27
Kasojo / Forest Edge / 5 / 30
Kigando / Control / 5 / 37
Kimuhonde / Fragment / 7 / 29
Kinjonjomi / Forest Edge / 5 / 34
Kitojo / Fragment / 10 / 44
Kyakabuzi 1 / Forest Edge / 5 / 40
Kyakabuzi 2 / Forest Edge / 5 / 37
Kyakaijia / Control / 5 / 41
Kyakiheeka / Forest Edge / 5 / 32
Kyamazima / Fragment / 6 / 35
Kyamugarra / Forest Edge / 5 / 34
Kyamukoka / Fragment / 6 / 31
Kyeragira / Fragment / 6 / 35
Makobyo / Control / 4 / 21
Mparo / Fragment / 5 / 34
Mwibura / Forest Edge / 5 / 30
Nyabinyungu / Forest Edge / 5 / 32
Nyaminoni / Fragment / 7 / 46
Nyambinyonyi / Forest Edge / 3 / 4
Nyaruzigati / Fragment / 7 / 35
Rurama / Fragment / 6 / 31
Rutoma / Fragment / 6 / 32
Rwabaganda / Fragment / 5 / 33
Rwengobe / Fragment / 6 / 29
Totals / 215 / 1240

Supplemental Table 2: Demographic characteristics of participants who reported any type of animal contact, animal injury, or primate contact.

Any Animal Contact / Animal Injury / Primate Contact
Age at time of event
(in years) / Mean= 23
Median = 17
Mode = 10
Range=2-86 / Mean= 23
Median = 16
Mode = 10
Range=2-76 / Mean= 24
Median = 18
Mode = 20
Range= 3-86
Sex / Count / % / Count / % / Count / %
Female (n=597) / 80 / 13.4 / 62 / 10.4 / 24 / 4.0
Male (n=643) / 166 / 25.8 / 102 / 15.9 / 86 / 13.4
Community
Control (n=136) / 13 / 9.6 / 12 / 8.8 / 3 / 2.2
Forest Edge (n=466) / 82 / 17.6 / 56 / 12.0 / 31 / 6.7
Forest Fragment (n=638) / 151 / 23.7 / 96 / 15.0 / 76 / 11.9
Cultural Group
Mutooro
(n=854) / 166 / 19.4 / 118 / 13.8 / 66 / 7.7
Mukiga
(n=288) / 61 / 21.2 / 31 / 10.8 / 36 / 12.5
Munyankole
(n=49) / 10 / 20.4 / 9 / 18.4 / 4 / 8.2
Other
(n=49) / 9 / 18.4 / 6 / 12.2 / 4 / 8.2
Occupation
Farmer
(n=373) / 111 / 29.8 / 86 / 23.1 / 40 / 10.7
Student
(n=486) / 72 / 14.8 / 40 / 8.2 / 38 / 7.8
Low Wage
(n=38) / 16 / 42.1 / 10 / 26.3 / 7 / 18.4
None
(n=256) / 15 / 5.9 / 9 / 3.5 / 8 / 3.1
Tradesman
(n=41) / 11 / 26.8 / 6 / 14.6 / 6 / 14.6
Business
(n=22) / 9 / 40.9 / 6 / 27.3 / 4 / 18.2
High Wage
(n=21) / 8 / 38.1 / 4 / 19.0 / 5 / 23.8
High Social Tier
(n=6) / 4 / 66.7 / 3 / 50.0 / 2 / 33.3
Dog Ownership
No
(n=642) / 120 / 18.7 / 87 / 13.6 / 50 / 7.8
Yes
(n=598) / 126 / 21.1 / 77 / 12.9 / 60 / 10.0

Supplemental Table 3:Frequencies of animal injuries over participants’ lifetimes in communities around Kibale National Park, Uganda.

Injury Type / Animal / Count / % / Medical Consequence / Count / %
Bite
(n=132) 75.9% / Dog / 83 / 62.9 / None/Not reported / 47 / 56.6
Scar / 34 / 41.0
Phantom pain / 1 / 1.2
Swelling / 1 / 1.2
Other D.A.[1] / 22 / 16.7 / None/Not reported / 15 / 68.2
Scar / 5 / 22.7
Chest pain / 2 / 9.1
Snake / 20 / 15.1 / None/Not reported / 13 / 65.0
Scar / 4 / 20.0
Dizziness / 2 / 10.0
Swelling / 1 / 5.0
Other Wildlife / 4 / 3 / None/Not reported / 2 / 50.0
Scar / 2 / 50.0
Primate / 3 / 2.3 / None/Not reported / 1 / 33.0
Scar / 2 / 67.0
Scratch
(n=42) 24.1% / Cow / 16 / 38.1 / None/Not reported / 9 / 56.2
Scar / 5 / 31.3
Lameness / 1 / 6.2
Poor circulation / 1 / 6.3
Dog / 10 / 23.8 / None/Not reported / 9 / 90.0
Scar / 1 / 10.0
Cat / 7 / 16.7 / None/Not reported / 5 / 71.4
Scar / 2 / 28.6
Goat / 6 / 14.3 / None/Not reported / 3 / 50.0
Still fresh / 1 / 16.7
Scar / 1 / 16.7
Lost his nail / 1 / 16.7
Other D.A.1 / 3 / 7.1 / None / 3 / 100

Supplemental Table 4: Frequencies of human-primate contact over participants’ lifetimes in communities around Kibale National Park, Uganda.

Contact Type / Primate / Count / %
Touched Dead
(n=76) 60.8% / Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus tephrosceles) / 24 / 31.6
Red-tailed Guenon (Cercopithecus ascanius) / 20 / 26.3
Vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops) / 18 / 23.7
Black and White Colobus (Colobus guerza) / 8 / 10.5
Unknown Monkey / 3 / 3.9
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) / 1 / 1.3
L’hoest Monkey (Cercopithecus lhoestii) / 1 / 1.3
Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei) / 1 / 1.3
Prepared Carcass (n=20) 16% / Vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops) / 8 / 40.0
Black and White Colobus (Colobus guerza) / 4 / 20.0
Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus tephrosceles) / 3 / 15.0
L’hoest Monkey (Cercopithecus lhoestii) / 2 / 10.0
Red-tailed Guenon (Cercopithecus ascanius) / 2 / 10.0
Baboon (Papio anubis) / 1 / 5.0
Hunted
(n=13) 10.4% / Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus tephrosceles) / 6 / 46.2
Black and White Colobus (Colobus guerza) / 6 / 46.2
Vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops) / 1 / 7.7
Touched Live
(n=12) 9.6% / Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus tephrosceles) / 5 / 41.7
Vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops) / 3 / 25.0
Red-tailed Guenon (Cercopithecus ascanius) / 2 / 16.7
Baboon (Papio anubis) / 1 / 8.3
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) / 1 / 8.3
Other[2]
(n=4) 3.2% / Baboon (Papio anubis) / 2 / 50.0
Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus tephrosceles) / 1 / 25.0
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) / 1 / 25.0

[1] Other D.A. refers to “Other Domestic Animals” including cats, ducks and sheep

[2] Includes 2 bites from baboons, 1 bite from a red colobus, and person was touched by a chimpanzee.