Supplemental Materials: Figure and Tables

[Supplemental Materials: Figure and Tables]

Analysis of cerebral blood flow by pneumatic-valves controlled microfluidic device: Risk assessment of infarction correlated with morphometric variation of cerebral vascular system

Youjin Cheong, Seong-Won Nam, Samjin Choi, Hoyoung Jang, Hun-Kuk Park

Supplemental figure 3 Changes in values of laser Doppler flow (LDF) as a function of collected outlet flow using a simple channel with dimension of 400 m width and 100 m deep (Total 15 independent measurements).

Supplemental table 1. Dimension of vessels in a complete CoW based on the clinical average(Alastruey et al. 2007).

Arterial segment / Clinical average (cm) / Microfluidic system (mm)
Length / Diameter / Length / Width
RCCA / 17.7 / 0.5 / 17.7 / 0.5
LCCA / 20.8 / 0.5 / 20.8 / 0.5
R/L VA / 14.8 / 0.272 / 14.8 / 0.272
R/L ECA / 17.7 / 0.3 / 17.7 / 0.3
R/L ICA-I / 17.7 / 0.4 / 17.7 / 0.4
R/L ICA-II / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 0.4
BA / 2.9 / 0.324 / 2.9 / 0.324
R/L PCA (P1) / 0.5 / 0.214 / 0.5 / 0.214
R/L PCA (P2) / 8.6 / 0.210 / 8.6 / 0.210
R/L PCoA / 1.5 / 0.146 / 1.5 / 0.146
R/L MCA / 11.9 / 0.286 / 11.9 / 0.286
R/L ACA (A1) / 1.2 / 0.234 / 1.2 / 0.234
R/L ACA (A2) / 10.3 / 0.24 / 10.3 / 0.24
ACoA / 0.3 / 0.148 / 0.3 / 0.148

* R/L=right/left.

Supplemental table 2. Representative scaling factors between human system and microfluidic system.

Factor / Human system / Microfluidic system / Scaling factor
Fluid density () / 1053 kg/m3 / 1037kg/m3 / 1
Fluid viscosity () / 3 mPa.s / 4.1mPa.s / 1
Pressure compensation / - / - / 4
Vessel dimension / Supplemental Table 1 / Supplemental Table 1 / 10
Cross-sectional areas / Supplemental Table 1 / Supplemental Table 1 / 1884
Inlet flow for left CCA / 389 73 mL/min / 52.97 L/min / 1884 * 4
Inlet flow for right CCA / 381 79 mL/min / 52.97 L/min / 1884 * 4
Inlet flow for left VA / 158  48 mL/min / 16.77L/min / 1884 * 4
Inlet flow for right VA / 158  48 mL/min / 16.77L/min / 1884 * 4
Flow rates / 20.1–233 mL/min / 4–26.96 L/min / 1884 * 4
Arterial pressure drops / 50–150 mmHg / 19.9–218.3 mmHg / 1884 * 4

Supplemental Table 3. Representative arterial velocity ratios (AVRs) measured through the microfluidic system.

AVR / Quantitative MRA / Microfluidic system
ACA/CCA / 0.2142 / 0.1891
MCA/CCA / 0.3831 / 0.4318
PCA/CCA / 0.1675 / 0.1564
MCA/ACA (>1.2) / 1.7878 / 2.2836

Supplemental Table 4. The flow rates measured through the microfluidic system and corresponding evaluated APs.

[Without occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 71.6±18.8 / 63.2±16.6 / 74.7±13.2 / 65.9±11.7 / 69.0±9.1 / 60.8±8.0 / 78.9±11.0 / 69.6±9.7
LACA / 79.4±9.1 / 70.0±8.0 / 76.6±16.5 / 67.6±14.6 / 75.4±8.3 / 66.5±7.3 / 82.8±8.6 / 73.0±7.6
RMCA / 177.1±19.5 / 165.5±17.2 / 170.1±13.9 / 158.9±12.2 / 154.0±18.8 / 143.9±16.6 / 162.3±13.9 / 151.6±12.2
LMCA / 167.7±26.4 / 156.7±23.3 / 157.6±28.2 / 147.3±24.9 / 131.5±29.1 / 122.9±25.6 / 184.1±26.4 / 172.1±23.3
RPCA / 63.8±8.7 / 93.4±7.7 / 67.8±8.9 / 99.2±7.8 / 53.3±19.9 / 77.9±17.6 / 52.0±8.4 / 76.1±7.5
LPCA / 61.0±12.7 / 89.3±11.2 / 66.4±11.4 / 97.2±10.1 / 40.6±11.8 / 59.4±10.4 / 96.0±15.3 / 140.4±13.5
RECA / 98.6±6.0 / 97.6±5.3 / 92.9±18.7 / 92.0±16.5 / 111.5±4.0 / 110.4±3.5 / 91.9±8.2 / 91.0±7.3
LECA / 105.1±14.0 / 104.0±12.4 / 90.9±23.5 / 90.0±20.8 / 103.1±12.0 / 102.1±10.6 / 105.5±25.5 / 104.4±22.5
[Right ACA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
LACA / 113.8±11.3 / 100.4±9.9 / 104.8±9.4 / 92.4±8.3 / 95.0±10.9 / 83.8±9.6 / 106.1±13.8 / 93.6±12.2
RMCA / 166.3±26.3 / 155.4±23.2 / 174.1±5.8 / 162.7±5.1 / 212.5±17.5 / 198.6±15.5 / 216.4±43.6 / 202.2±38.5
LMCA / 178.1±17.7 / 166.4±15.6 / 199.5±9.5 / 186.4±8.4 / 195.4±6.8 / 182.6±6.0 / 207.5±19.0 / 193.9±16.8
RPCA / 91.7±5.8 / 134.2±5.1 / 60.7±12.8 / 88.8±11.3 / 77.1±10.0 / 112.8±8.8 / 73.4±8.7 / 107.4±7.7
LPCA / 90.4±10.0 / 132.3±8.8 / 59.5±5.6 / 87.1±4.9 / 73.6±10.3 / 107.7±9.1 / 103.7±19.9 / 151.7±17.6
RECA / 102.2±10.6 / 101.2±9.3 / 129.4±6.2 / 128.1±5.5 / 107.5±16.5 / 106.4±14.6 / 110.0±25.1 / 108.9±22.2
LECA / 117.1±12.3 / 115.9±10.8 / 121.5±5.8 / 120.3±5.1 / 133.9±14.8 / 132.5±13.1 / 119.8±12.0 / 118.6±10.6
[Right MCA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 146.6±6.0 / 129.3±5.3 / 115.5±13.5 / 101.9±11.9 / 108.8±17.1 / 96.0±15.1 / 86.7±20.5 / 76.5±18.1
LACA / 121.5±4.5 / 107.2±4.0 / 118.9±13.5 / 104.9±11.9 / 97.0±9.2 / 85.6±8.1 / 96.0±11.7 / 84.7±10.3
RMCA / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
LMCA / 233.6±8.1 / 218.3±7.2 / 199.0±26.3 / 185.9±23.2 / 233.6±34.5 / 218.3±30.5 / 204.2±42.3 / 190.8±37.3
RPCA / 100.2±4.6 / 146.7±4.0 / 88.4±13.2 / 129.3±11.6 / 89.2±15.0 / 130.5±13.2 / 65.6±16.0 / 95.9±14.2
LPCA / 94.8±7.1 / 138.7±6.2 / 79.3±13.6 / 116.1±12.0 / 80.4±13.7 / 117.6±12.1 / 109.8±23.8 / 160.6±21.0
RECA / 157.3±5.7 / 155.7±5.0 / 142.6±15.5 / 141.2±13.7 / 114.8±29.4 / 113.6±26.0 / 75.1±8.8 / 74.3±7.8
LECA / 145.6±5.2 / 144.1±4.6 / 134.7±14.3 / 133.3±12.6 / 135.9±13.5 / 134.5±11.9 / 117.7±18.2 / 115.9±16.0
[Left MCA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 96.5±8.6 / 85.1±7.6 / 145.7±21.8 / 128.6±19.2 / 115.3±11.0 / 101.7±9.7 / 119.1±7.3 / 105.1±6.4
LACA / 91.9±7.4 / 81.1±6.5 / 117.1±17.4 / 103.3±15.3 / 120.4±7.8 / 106.2±6.9 / 126.9±5.8 / 111.9±5.1
RMCA / 210.4±22.2 / 196.6±19.6 / 190.9±22.1 / 178.4±19.5 / 249.6±22.9 / 233.3±20.2 / 267.3±6.4 / 249.8±5.7
LMCA / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
RPCA / 52.6±8.5 / 76.9±7.5 / 86.7±9.3 / 126.8±8.2 / 84.6±15.6 / 123.8±13.7 / 78.6±0.9 / 115.1±0.8
LPCA / 51.8±9.9 / 75.8±8.7 / 75.4±9.3 / 110.3±8.2 / 83.8±15.5 / 122.7±13.7 / 117.3±5.7 / 171.7±5.0
RECA / 124.0±2.8 / 122.7±2.5 / 130.1±18.0 / 128.8±15.9 / 141.5±12.6 / 140.0±11.1 / 119.6±1.6 / 118.3±1.4
LECA / 127.9±5.4 / 126.6±4.7 / 127.4±16.4 / 126.1±14.4 / 150.7±5.3 / 149.2±4.7 / 117.1±4.4 / 115.9±3.8
[Right PCA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 102.7±2.5 / 90.6±2.2 / 120.6±13.2 / 106.4±11.7 / 59.0±1.9 / 52.1±1.7 / 85.2±18.9 / 75.1±16.7
LACA / 100.2±6.4 / 88.4±5.7 / 104.2±5.5 / 92.0±4.8 / 56.5±4.0 / 49.9±3.5 / 88.9±18.5 / 78.5±16.3
RMCA / 224.6±6.1 / 209.9±5.4 / 178.4±7.8 / 166.7±6.9 / 155.7±8.7 / 145.5±7.7 / 171.1±37.5 / 159.9±33.1
LMCA / 191.0±7.8 / 178.5±6.9 / 198.4±4.4 / 185.4±3.8 / 144.9±18.2 / 135.4±16.0 / 200.7±39.1 / 187.6±34.5
RPCA / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
LPCA / 88.2±5.6 / 129.0±4.9 / 76.4±0.4 / 111.7±0.4 / 72.3±15.1 / 105.9±13.4 / 77.4±13.0 / 113.2±11.5
RECA / 111.9±7.3 / 110.8±6.5 / 133.6±4.4 / 132.3±3.8 / 88.2±3.3 / 87.3±2.9 / 88.7±13.7 / 87.8±12.1
LECA / 116.6±3.1 / 115.4±2.7 / 119.8±6.0 / 118.6±5.3 / 85.9±14.8 / 85.0±13.1 / 125.3±26.4 / 124.1±23.3
[Right CCA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 54.6±7.7 / 48.1±6.8 / 51.6±9.5 / 45.6±8.4 / 43.0±3.1 / 37.9±2.8 / 41.4±5.9 / 36.6±5.2
LACA / 55.2±7.3 / 48.7±6.4 / 50.0±14.3 / 44.1±12.6 / 46.8±3.4 / 41.3±3.0 / 55.0±3.9 / 48.5±3.5
RMCA / 89.1±9.9 / 83.2±8.8 / 80.9±12.7 / 75.6±11.2 / 84.2±5.3 / 78.6±4.7 / 83.4±5.0 / 77.9±4.4
LMCA / 110.0±13.8 / 102.8±12.2 / 128.7±33.1 / 120.3±29.2 / 100.6±5.3 / 94.0±4.7 / 131.9±12.1 / 123.2±10.7
RPCA / 48.1±6.4 / 70.4±5.7 / 41.4±10.9 / 60.7±9.6 / 56.1±4.0 / 82.2±3.5 / 24.6±1.6 / 36.0±1.4
LPCA / 57.0±23.7 / 83.4±20.9 / 42.6±5.0 / 62.3±4.4 / 57.3±5.0 / 83.8±4.4 / 81.9±1.2 / 119.8±1.0
RECA / 21.0±5.7 / 20.7±5.0 / 17.7±7.2 / 17.5±6.4 / 18.0±1.4 / 17.8±1.2 / 17.1±0.4 / 16.9±0.4
LECA / 84.3±18.2 / 83.4±16.1 / 102.4±6.7 / 101.3±5.9 / 92.6±3.8 / 91.6±3.3 / 105.0±13.4 / 103.9±11.8
[Left CCA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 56.3±3.8 / 49.7±3.4 / 55.1±4.4 / 48.7±3.8 / 42.7±2.3 / 37.7±2.0 / 49.9±5.6 / 44.1±4.9
LACA / 49.2±7.6 / 43.4±6.7 / 55.0±21.0 / 48.5±18.5 / 43.0±5.3 / 37.9±4.7 / 52.0±6.3 / 45.9±5.6
RMCA / 145.8±14.6 / 136.3±12.9 / 130.5±3.5 / 121.9±3.1 / 121.3±13.7 / 113.4±12.1 / 99.9±2.5 / 93.3±2.2
LMCA / 87.8±17.6 / 82.0±15.5 / 92.3±3.4 / 86.3±3.0 / 52.0±7.6 / 48.6±6.7 / 77.8±13.1 / 72.7±11.5
RPCA / 50.7±2.5 / 74.3±2.2 / 55.6±0.9 / 81.4±0.8 / 53.3±9.7 / 77.9±8.6 / 39.9±7.3 / 58.4±6.4
LPCA / 49.0±5.7 / 71.7±5.0 / 49.9±1.6 / 73.0±1.4 / 51.7±7.7 / 75.7±6.8 / 70.5±14.9 / 103.1±13.2
RECA / 91.1±8.0 / 90.1±7.0 / 101.9±15.7 / 100.8±13.9 / 100.5±15.7 / 99.4±13.8 / 74.0±9.6 / 73.3±8.5
LECA / 20.1±2.2 / 19.9±1.9 / 21.0±10.4 / 20.7±9.2 / 13.6±1.5 / 13.4±1.3 / 37.1±6.6 / 36.7±5.8
[VA occlusion]
Artery / Complete CoW / Duplicated ACoA / Absent PCoA / Absent P1
Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg) / Flow rate
(mL/min) / AP
(mmHg)
RACA / 59.5±2.0 / 52.5±1.8 / 89.9±4.5 / 79.4±4.0 / 58.8±7.8 / 51.9±6.8 / 70.8±14.6 / 62.5±12.8
LACA / 73.1±3.9 / 64.5±3.5 / 58.0±6.7 / 51.2±5.9 / 62.7±6.3 / 55.4±5.5 / 59.3±0.9 / 52.3±0.8
RMCA / 136.9±3.6 / 127.9±3.1 / 124.3±8.9 / 116.2±7.8 / 132.8±11.2 / 124.1±9.9 / 155.7±2.2 / 145.5±1.9
LMCA / 110.3±3.9 / 103.0±3.4 / 141.7±10.2 / 132.4±9.0 / 125.1±8.6 / 116.9±7.6 / 116.3±3.7 / 108.7±3.3
RPCA / 39.7±5.9 / 58.1±5.2 / 43.7±5.7 / 64.0±5.0 / 27.9±8.4 / 40.8±7.4 / 40.9±3.0 / 59.9±2.7
LPCA / 36.9±4.9 / 54.0±4.4 / 40.9±3.9 / 59.9±3.4 / 26.9±2.9 / 39.4±2.6 / 34.7±2.0 / 50.7±1.8
RECA / 87.4±4.0 / 86.5±3.5 / 113.3±13.3 / 112.1±11.7 / 88.9±9.6 / 88.0±8.5 / 90.4±6.5 / 89.5±5.8
LECA / 97.0±1.7 / 96.0±1.5 / 105.0±7.0 / 103.9±6.2 / 96.1±1.6 / 95.1±1.4 / 79.4±3.4 / 78.6±3.0