Supplemental Figure S1. Core Biopsy Dissection Procedure for Methylight Analysis

Supplemental Figure S1. Core Biopsy Dissection Procedure for Methylight Analysis

Supplemental Figure S1. Core biopsy dissection procedure for MethyLight analysis.

Punches from paraffin-embedded tissue sample containing solely breast tumour material were taken followed by DNA isolation, bisulphite modification and MethyLight analysis.

1

Nomenclature / Forward Primer Sequence / Reverse Primer Sequence / Probe Oligo Sequence
BCL2 / TCGTATTTCGGGATTCGGTC / AACTAAACGCAAACCCCGC / 6FAM-ACGACGCCGAAAACAACCGAAATCTACA-BHQ-1
CACNA1G / TTTTTTCGTTTCGCGTTTAGGT / CTCGAAACGACTTCGCCG / 6FAM-AAATAACGCCGAATCCGACAACCGA-BHQ
CALCA / GTTTTGGAAGTATGAGGGTGACG / TTCCCGCCGCTATAAATCG / 6FAM-ATTCCGCCAATACACAACAACCAATAAACG-BHQ-1
CDH13 / AATTTCGTTCGTTTTGTGCGT / CTACCCGTACCGAACGATCC / 6FAM-AACGCAAAACGCGCCCGACA-BHQ-1
CRABP1 / TCGAAATTTTCGTTGTTGCGT / TATCCGTACCTACCGCCGC / 6FAM-ACCATACCCAACTTCGCCGACACCTAA-BHQ
CYP1B1 / GTGCGTTTGGACGGGAGTT / AACGCGACCTAACAAAACGAA / 6FAM-CGCCGCACACCAAACCGCTT-BHQ-1
CYP27B1 / GGGATAGTTAGAGAGAACGGATGTTT / CCGAATATAACCACACCGCC / 6FAM-CCAACCTCAACTCGCCTTTTCCTTATTTCA-BHQ-1
DCC / GGGTTCGGCGCGTGT / CGAAAAATACAAAAACCAACTTAAATACC / 6FAM-ACCAAAAATCGCGAACAACGACAACACT-BHQ-1
DLC1 / AGTAAGGATGCGTTGAGGATCG / ACGACTCGACTTCCGCGTC / 6FAM-AACCCACGACGACACCCGAAACG-BHQ-1
EBF3 (DKFZ) / GTAGGATATTGCGGGATCGTTC / GCAACACTCACTACCCCGTTTAT / 6FAM-TCTTTAAAACAAACGAACCGCGCCAA-BHQ-1
ESR1 / GGCGTTCGTTTTGGGATTG / GCCGACACGCGAACTCTAA / 6FAM-CGATAAAACCGAACGACCCGACGA-BHQ-1
FLJ39739 / GAACCCTCCGCGCCC / TGTTCGGGATGGTTGATATTTTG / 6FAM-CCGCCTAATCACCCGACCCGA-BHQ-1
GABRA2 / TCGTCGGAGGAGCGGA / AACCTCTCGAAAACCCCAACA / 6FAM-ACGACCTCGAAAAACAACCCGAAACTACG-BHQ-1
GAD1 / CGATTGGTTCGGCGTAGAAA / CCCTCCGATATACAAAACCCC / 6FAM-CCCGCACAACTCTCGCTTCTCTTTACAA-BHQ-1
GATA3 / TGTATCGGGACGGAATCGTT / ACGCGCGCTCTAACCCTT / 6FAM-AAATATAACCGCGACTCCTACCAATTCATTCG-BHQ
GATA4 / GATGGTGGTCGCGTGAAGTTA / TTCCCTCCATATACGAACTACCG / 6FAM-CCTATCCCGAATCCGTCAATCCCG-BHQ-1
GATA5 / AGTTACGTGATTTTGGTAGGTTTTGTT / TAATCCGAACTCCGCGCTA / 6FAM-CCCGTATCGTACGTCCTTATCGCCAAA-BHQ-1
GDNF / CGGTAGTTGTCGTTGAGTCGTTC / AACAACCGCCGCTACTTTAAATA / 6FAM-CGCGCGTCGCGCTCTTAACTAAAA-BHQ-1
HIC1 / GTTAGGCGGTTAGGGCGTC / CCGAACGCCTCCATCGTAT / 6FAM-CAACATCGTCTACCCAACACACTCTCCTACG-BHQ-1
HOXA1 / TTGTTTATTAGGAAGCGGTCGTC / TCGAACCATAAAATTACAACTTTCCA / 6FAM-TCGTACGCGATCAACGCCAACAATTA-BHQ-1
HOXA10 / TGTATTGATGGGTTAGGAGACGTATT / CCCACCAACCACGTTAAAACA / 6FAM-CAACTCCCGACCTTCGAACCAAAATATCG-BHQ-1
HOXA11 / TTTTGTTTTCGATTTTAGTCGGAAT / TAATCAAATCACCGTACAAATCGAAC / 6FAM-ACCACCAAACAAACACATCCACGACTTCA-BHQ-1
HOXA13 / GGTGGTAGAAGGCGAATTTTTTAG / TCGCGAACAAATACATAAATACCG / 6FAM-GACCCAACTACCGAAAAATTCAACTCCCG-BHQ-1
HOXA6 / CGAACGCCAACGACGAA / GGTTTTTGAGGCGGTTTAAGTATTAG / 6FAM-CGACCCTTTCAATAACGAACAAAT-BHQ-1
HOXA7 / CAAAACTCACTAACAAAAATCGACG / GGAGCGTTTAGTTGGCGGT / 6FAM-ACTACGTAAAACCGAACCGCCTA-BHQ-1
HOXA9 / AAAATCCGTCCCAAACGAAA / CGTTTTAGGCGGGTAGTTGTG / 6FAM-CGCCGACCCTACCAAAACACTCCAAA-BHQ-1
HOXB7 / CCTCGAAACGATCCGTATCAC / CGTGTAGAATTGGTTTGGTTTAATAAAG / 6FAM-CCCATCCTCTTCAACCCGTTACCGAA-BHQ-1
HOXC9 / TTTCTTAACGTAATCCGTCTCTATCG / ACGTTTCGAATTGATAATCGTTGAT / 6FAM-ACGCTCCCGCAATCTCTACGCGA-BHQ-1
HOXD11 / CCGCACTCGTCAAAATCGTT / TGTAATCGATGGTTTAGGTTGGTTG / 6FAM-ACTCCGCGACGTACGCGCCA-BHQ-1
HOXD12 / ATTCGTTTTCCGCAAACTTTCTAA / TGGTGTCGTCGGATCGC / 6FAM-ACATTTTCCATTAACCGACGCCTCTCGACT-BHQ-1
HOXD8 / ACCTCCGCCGACCTTAAAA / TGTCGGTTGCGATTCGTATTT / 6FAM-ACCCATAAAAACGCACTACCAAAAACTCCGT-BHQ-1
HOXD9 / ATCGAACCCCGTCGCTAACT / GGTTTGGCGTTTTCGCG / 6FAM-ACTTCCGAACCGCGAACGACGA-BHQ-1
IGF2 / GGTTGGCGCGATTATAAGAGTC / AACCGACCGAACCTCACG / 6FAM-AACTCCGCCGAAAAACAAACGAACTACG-BHQ
ITGA4 / TGCGGAGGCGTAGGGTC / CAACCGAAATTCCCCAACG / 6FAM-CCTACAACCGCGCGTAAACAAAAACG-BHQ-1
MT1A / CGTGTTTTCGTGTTATTGTGTACG / CTCGCTATCGCCTTACCTATCC / 6FAM-TCCACACCTAAATCCCTCGAACCCACT-BHQ-1
MT3 / GGTTTTAGGGTTTATGTCGAGGAGA / CCGCGCGTCCAATTACTTA / 6FAM-AAAACCCGTTCACCGCCTCCAACTACTA-BHQ-1
MYOD1 / GAGCGCGCGTAGTTAGCG / TCCGACACGCCCTTTCC / 6FAM-CTCCAACACCCGACTACTATATCCGCGAAA-BHQ-1
NEUROD1 / GTTTTTTGCGTGGGCGAAT / CCGCGCTTAACATCACTAACTAAA / 6FAM-CGCGCGACCACGACACGAAA-BHQ-1
NEUROD2 / GGTTTGGTATAGAGGTTGGTATTTCGT / ACGAACGCCGACGTCTTC / 6FAM-CGCCATACGAACCGCGAAACGAATATAA-BHQ-1
NEUROG1 / CGTGTAGCGTTCGGGTATTTGTA / CGATAATTACGAACACACTCCGAAT / 6FAM-CGATAACGACCTCCCGCGAACATAAA-BHQ-1
PENK / GGTTAATTATAAAGTGGTTTTAGTAGTCGTTAAG / CAACGTCTCTACGAAATCACGAAC / 6FAM-AACGCCTACCTCGCCGTCCCG-BHQ-1
PGR / TTATAATTCGAGGCGGTTAGTGTTT / TCGAACTTCTACTAACTCCGTACTACGA / 6FAM-ATCATCTCCGAAAATCTCAAATCCCAATAATACG-BHQ-1
PITX2 (I) / AGTTCGGTTGCGCGGTT / TACTTCCCTCCCCTACCTCGTT / 6FAM-CGACGCTCGCCCGAACGCTA-BHQ-1
PITX2 (II) / GTGGTTTCGTATTAATTAGGACGTTTC / CCGACCCCGCACTACTAATAAAT / 6FAM-ACAAAACAATCCCTCCACCGCGACT-BHQ-1
PYCARD (ASC) / TTGGAGATTTACGGCGTCG / ACCCTAATACGTAACCGCCTACAA / 6FAM-CATCTCCTACAAACCCATATCGCGCAA-BHQ-1
SFRP1 / CAACTCCCGACGAAACGAA / CGCGAGGGAGGCGATT / 6FAM-CACTCGTTACCACGTCCGTCACCG-BHQ-1
SFRP4 / TCCGCCGTCTAACACACAAA / TTCGTAATGGTCGTGGTTGGT / 6FAM-CAACGCCAACTCTCAACCTTCGAAACG-BHQ-1
SFRP5 / GAACGCCCCGACTAATCCTAA / TAGGCGGTCGGAGATTGGT / 6FAM-CTCCCACCTCGAAACTCCAACCCG-BHQ-1
SLC6A20 / AGGCGAATACGAATTGTAGCG / TAAAACGACGCGCCTAACG / 6FAM-CCGCGCACTAAAACTACCGTACCGAA-BHQ-1
SLIT2 / CAATTCTAAAAACGCACGACTCTAAA / CGGGAGATCGCGAGGAT / 6FAM-CGACCTCTCCCTCGCCCTCGACT-BHQ-1
TITF1 / CGAAATAAACCGAATCCTCCTTAA / TGTTTTGTTGTTTTAGCGTTTACGT / 6FAM-CTCGCGTTTATTTTAACCCGACGCCA-BHQ-1
TMEFF2 / CGACGAGGAGGTGTAAGGATG / CAACGCCTAACGAACGAACC / 6FAM-TATAACTTCCGCGACCGCCTCCTCCT-BHQ-1
TP73 / GGGTCGGGTAGTTCGTTTTG / CGATTTCGCTACGTCCCCT / 6FAM-AACCTCCGAACGAATACGCGAACGAA-BHQ-1
TWIST / GTAGCGCGGCGAACGT / AAACGCAACGAATCATAACCAAC / 6FAM-CCAACGCACCCAATCGCTAAACGA-BHQ-1
ZBTB16 / ATCACGACGACAACGACAACAT / TGATTTGTTAATTTCGTAGTAGAGAGGAGTT / 6FAM-CGACAATTCGCAATACCCGCTCTCA-BHQ-1

HUGO Gene Nomenclature / Alternative gene names / Chromosomal location / Amplicon start: location relative to transcription start (bp) / Amplicon end: location relative to transcription start (bp)
BCL2 / Bcl-2/B-cell CLL/lymphoma2 / 18q21.3 / 209 / 292
CACNA1G / Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 1G subunit / 17q22 / 16 / 82
CALCA / Calcitonin/Calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha; CALC1 / 11p15.2-p15.1 / -127 / -27
CDH13 / H-Cadherin/Cadherin 13, H-cadherin (heart)/T-cadherin; CDHH / 16q24.2-q24.3 / 140 / 242
CRABP1 / Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1/RBP5, CRABP, CRABPI, CRABP-I / 15q24 / 44 / 125
CYP1B1 / Cytochrome P450, family 1, Subfamily B, polypeptide 1; GLC3A; CP1B / 2p22-p21 / -165 / -80
CYP27B1 / Cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 / 12q14.1 / +404 / +482
DCC / Deleted in colorectal carcinoma; Colorectal cancer-related choromosome sequence 18 / 18q21.3 / -97 / 61
DLC1 / Deleted in liver cancer 1, HP, ARHGAP7, STARD12, FLJ21120, / 8p22-p21.3 / +221 / +144
EBF3 (DKFZ) / COE3 / 10q26 / -173 / -96
ESR1 / Estrogen receptor receptor 1, Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ESRA); NR3A1 / 6q25.1 / 14 / 114
FLJ39739 / Hypothetical FLJ39739 / 1q21.1 / -493 / -414
GABRA2 / Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor, alpha 2 / 4p12 / -410 / -483
GAD1 / Glutamine decarboxylase 1 (67 kda) / 2q31 / +1995 / +1915
GATA3 / GATA binding protein 3/HDR; MGC5445 / 10p15 / -478 / -399
GATA4 / GATA binding protein 4 / 8p23.1-8p22 / 393 / 466
GATA5 / GATA binding protein 5; bB379O24.1 / 20q13.33 / -156 / -240
GDNF / Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor / 5p13.1-p12 / -202 / -94
HIC1 / Hypermethylated in cancer 1; ZBTB29 / 17p13.3 / -55 / 45
HOXA1 / Homeobox A1; Homeobox 1F / 7p15.3 / 151 / 233
HOXA10 / Homeobox A10; Homeobox 1H / 7p15-p14.2 / -174 / -257
HOXA11 / Homeobox A11 / 7p15-p14.2 / -564 / -663
HOXA13 / Homeobox A13 / 7p15-p14 / 607 / 687
HOXA6 / Homeobox A6 / 7p15-p14 / -375 / -288
HOXA7 / Homeobox A7 / 7p15-p14 / -293 / -182
HOXA9 / Homeobox A9 / 7p15-p14 / -804 / -692
HOXB7 / Homeobox B7 / 17q21-q22 / -410 / -264
HOXC9 / Homeobox C9 / 12q12-q13 / -486 / -400
HOXD11 / Homeobox D11 / 2q31-q37 / -70 / 23
HOXD12 / Homeobox D12 / 2q31-q32 / -473 / -350
HOXD8 / Homeobox D8 / 2q31-q37 / -196 / -112
HOXD9 / Homeobox D9 / 2q31-q37 / -15 / 70
IGF2 / IGF2: Insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A) / 11p15.5 / -458 / -377
ITGA4 / Integrin alpha 4 (antigen CD49D, alpha-4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor); CD49D / 2q31-q32 / 796 / 866
MT1A / Metallothionein 1A/Metallothionein-I / 16q13 / -612 / -533
MT3 / Metallothionein 3 (growth inhibitory factor (neurotrophic))/GIF, GIFB, GRIF / 16q13 / +66 / -8
MYOD1 / Myogenic differentiating antigen 1; Myogenic determining factor 3/MYF3/PUM / 11p15.4 / -375 / -302
NEUROD1 / Neurogenic differentiation 1; B-cell E-box transctivator 2 (BETA2); BHF-1 / 2q32 / 35 / -47
NEUROD2 / Neurogenic differentiation 2 / 17q12 / -30 / +58
NEUROG1 / Neurogenin 1; NEOROD3; AKA / 5q23-q31 / -132 / -220
PENK / PpENK/Proenkephalin precursor / 8q23-q24 / -58 / +41
PGR / Progesterone receptor B / 11q22 / 99 / 192
PITX2 (I) / Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2; Pituitary homeobox 2 (PTX2) / 4q25-26 / 4818 / 4716
PITX2 (II) / Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2; Pituitary homeobox 2 (PTX2) / 4q25-26 / 113 / 192
PYCARD (ASC) / TMS1; CARD5; PYCARD; MGC10332 / 16p12-p11.2 / 420 / 515
SFRP1 / Secreted frizzled-related protein 1; FRP; FRP1; FrzA; SARP2 / 8p12-p11.1 / -130 / -58
SFRP4 / Secreted frizzled-related protein 4; FRPHE / 7p14-p13 / -40 / 64
SFRP5 / Secreted frizzled-related protein 5; SARP3 / 10q24.1 / -59 / 27
SLC6A20 / XT3/X transporter protein 3; Solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter), member 20 / 3p21.3 / 326 / 192
SLIT2 / FLJ14420; SLIL3 / 4p15.2 / -390 / -489
TITF1 / Thyroid transcription factor 1; NKX2A; TEBP; BCH; TTF-1 / 14q13 / -74 / 54
TMEFF2 / Exonal sequences shared with TENB2; HPP1; TPEF / 2q32.3 / -150 / -222
TP73 / hDNp73B / 1p36.3 / -63 / 19
TWIST / Twist homolog (acrocephalosyndactyly 3; Saethre-Chotzen syndrome) (Drosophila) / 7p21.2 / 669 / 745
ZBTB16 / Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF); ZNF145 / 11q23.2 / -32 / 55

1

Case / NEUROD1 / Case / NEUROD1
PMR / Expression / PMR / Expression
1 / 0.047 / 0.000 / 33 / 25.456 / 0.000
2 / 0.246 / 0.000 / 34 / 29.153 / 0.000
3 / 0.641 / 0.000 / 35 / 29.829 / 0.000
4 / 0.669 / 2.595 / 36 / 30.277 / 0.000
5 / 0.708 / 0.000 / 37 / 32.528 / 0.000
6 / 0.722 / 0.000 / 38 / 34.396 / 0.000
7 / 0.892 / 93.856 / 39 / 34.549 / 0.302
8 / 1.495 / 0.000 / 40 / 36.433 / 0.000
9 / 1.912 / 0.000 / 41 / 36.685 / 0.000
10 / 3.205 / 0.000 / 42 / 39.516 / 0.000
11 / 3.628 / 0.000 / 43 / 46.768 / 0.000
12 / 4.412 / 0.000 / 44 / 46.908 / 0.000
13 / 4.898 / 0.000 / 45 / 47.793 / 0.000
14 / 5.067 / 0.000 / 46 / 52.011 / 0.000
15 / 6.855 / 0.000 / 47 / 56.516 / 1.064
16 / 6.875 / 0.000 / 48 / 59.441 / 0.416
17 / 6.889 / 0.000 / 49 / 61.509 / 0.000
18 / 7.02 / 0.000 / 50 / 63.278 / 0.000
19 / 7.234 / 0.000 / 51 / 71.241 / 2.882
20 / 9.178 / 0.000 / 52 / 75.363 / 0.000
21 / 9.866 / 0.000 / 53 / 75.382 / 0.000
22 / 10.85 / 0.000 / 54 / 75.608 / 1.959
23 / 12.713 / 0.000 / 55 / 79.196 / 0.000
24 / 12.82 / 0.000 / 56 / 79.849 / 0.000
25 / 13.714 / 0.000 / 57 / 84.717 / 0.000
26 / 15.965 / 0.000 / 58 / 85.034 / 0.000
27 / 16.285 / 0.000 / 59 / 86.433 / 0.000
28 / 17.025 / 0.849 / 60 / 86.963 / 0.000
29 / 18.225 / 0.000 / 61 / 95.934 / 0.000
30 / 19.358 / 0.000 / 62 / 202.137 / 0.000
31 / 23.485 / 1.125 / 63 / 482.26 / 0.000
32 / 23.731 / 0.000

Supplemental Table S3. NEUROD1 methylation and mRNA expression in 63 breast cancer specimens. PMR=Percentage of Methylated Reference

Non Cancer Specific / p
Genes / value
SFRP1 / 0.063
NEUROD2 / 0.099
PGR / 0.109
GATA5 / 0.114
ESR1 / 0.144
DLC1 / 0.180
GATA3 / 0.180
GDNF / 0.180
MYOD1 / 0.203
CACNA1G / 0.285
CDH13 / 0.310
CYP1B1 / 0.317
SLC6A20 / 0.317
EBF3 (DKFZ) / 0.398
ZBTB16 / 0.401
MT3 / 0.424
HOXA11 / 0.470
HOXA6 / 0.484
GABRA2 / 0.500
SFRP5 / 0.534
HOXA10 / 0.551
CYP27B1 / 0.594
DCC / 0.655
HOXC9 / 0.655
IGF2 / 0.655
NEUROG1 / 0.655
TITF1 / 0.655
CALCA / 0.674
FLJ39739 / 0.674
HOXB7 / 0.730
SLIT2 / 0.790
ITGA4 / 0.893
PITX2 (I) / 0.893
TWIST / 0.893
SFRP4 / 0.917
HOXA9 / 0.925
HOXD8 / 0.972
BCL2 / 1.000
PYCARD / 1.000
TP73 / 1.000

Supplemental Table S4. Comparison of DNA methylation changes in non-cancer specific genes between tumour taken from the centre (TUC) and tumour taken from the periphery (TUP) with non-parametric paired test analysis.

1