Feet & Joints
Dissector: Sole of Foot (Planta); Joints of the Lower Limb (DIS148-156)
General RemarksN492-505
arch of foot
medial arch is high
lateral arch is low
bearing points
calcaneus (posterior)
heads of 5 metatarsals (anterior)
plantar aponeurosis
medial & lateral plantar nerves
Plantar Aponeurosis and Cutaneous Nerves
plantar vessels (continuous w/tibial a.)
medial calcanean nerve
digital branches of medial & lateral plantar nerves
other digital nerves
flexor digitorum brevis & longus muscles
Muscle Layers
First Layer of Plantar Muscles
abductor hallucis muscle
abductor digiti minimi muscle
flexor digitorum brevis
Second Layer of Plantar Muscles
quadratus plantae muscle
flexor digitorum longus
lumbrical muscles (4)
Third Layer of Plantar Muscles
flexor hallucis brevis & longus
adductor hallucis muscle
flexor digiti minimi muscle
Fourth Layer of Plantar Muscles
dorsal (aBductor) / plantar (aDductor) interossei muscles
fibularis (peroneus) longus tendon/muscle
plantar arterial arch & perforating branches
medial malleolus posteriorly associated tendons (Tom, Dick & Harry):
tibialis posterior tendon
flexor digitorum longus tendon
flexor hallucis longus tendon
medial malleolus anteriorly associated tendon:
tibialis anterior tendon
Hip JointN458-463, 465-466, 470
Anterior Relations of the Hip Joint:
sartorius muscle
femoral artery
iliopsoas muscle
iliofemoral ligament
joint capsule
articular head of femur
obturator externus muscle
Feet & Joints
Posterior Relations of the Hip Joint:
piriformis muscle
obturator internus & externus muscles
superior & inferior gamelli muscles
quadratus femoris muscle
gluteus medius & minimus
ischiofemoral ligament
acetabulum
ligament of the head of the femur
acetabular fossa
Knee JointN476-480
Medial Aspect of the Knee Joint:
tendons of sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus muscles
tibial collateral ligament
medial meniscus
Lateral Aspect of the Knee Joint:
iliotibial tract
fibular collateral ligament
lateral meniscus
Anterior Aspect of the Knee Joint:
expansions of vasti muscles
ligamentum patellae
prepatellar bursa
quadriceps tendon
suprapatellar or quadriceps bursa
Back of Knee Joint:
popliteal fossa
semimembranosus muscle
plantaris muscle
gastrocnemius muscle
popliteus muscle
posterior cruciate ligament
Interior of Knee Joint
intercondylar septum
anterior cruciate ligament
infrapatellar synovial fold
Ankle JointN492-495
deltoid or medial ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
anterior talofibular ligament
anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
articular capsule of ankle
lateral ligament (calcaneoufibular, anterior & posterior talofibular ligaments)
Joints of Inversion & EversionN492-495
posterior talar face (surface) of calcaneus
middle & anterior talar facets & posterior talar surface of navicular
spring or plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
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by johnny carotid and dick azygosman