Study Terms – BIO 152 exam #2 Gleeson
Fall 2009
Terminology is a big part of mastering biology material for exams. Here are some terms I’m going to expect you to understand (to the extent they are used in this material) for exam #2. I suggest you pull out those you don’t know for extra study. No guarantee this is complete (I have left out many words I consider common knowledge, and I tried to not repeat terms). Send me any suggestions/corrections.
8. Plant Nutrition
essential resources, mineral nutrients, ions, amino acid, nitrogen fixation
dry weight, hydroponics, Mg, chlorophyll
macronutrients, micronutrients, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S
Fe, Cl, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, B, Ni
Cytochrome, ATP, DNA, RNA, protein
Supply, demand, soil, rock, organic matter, igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
Sandstone, quartzite, limestone, marble, shale, slate, rock cycle
Parent material, weathering, decomposition, aeration, soil profile
Sand, silt, clay, loam, pore space,
field moisture capacity, evapotranspiration, hydraulic lift
mineralization, reservoir, decomposition
cation, anion, mobility, phosphate, cation exchange, leaching
ammonification, nitrification, nitrite, nitrate, nitrogenase
root hairs, transport proteins, bulk flow
symbiosis, uptake capacity, mycorrhizae, infection, hyphae, garlic mustard
root nodule, legume, species specific, rhizobacteria, rhizosphere
carnivorous plant, bog, Venus Fly Trap, Pitcher Plant, Sundew
parasitic plant, Dodder, Mistletoe, Indian Pipe
text: sustainable agriculture, not-till agriculture, erosion, compaction, phytoremediation
9. Reproduction
asexual, sexual, plantlet, stolon, rhizome, root sprout, clone
genotype, grafting, genetic engineering
haploid, diploid, gametophyte, sporophyte, spore, gene, gamete, zygote
sperm, egg, heterospory, megaspore, microspore, recombination, genetic variation
whorl, inflorescence, calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium
sepals, petals, stamens, carpels, anther, filament
microsporocyte, tube cell, generative cell, pollen grain
pistil, ovary, ovule, stigma, style, embryo sac, micropyle, double fertilization
perianth, pollen vector, nectar guides, ultraviolet, nectary, fig wasp
yucca moth, capillary action, female mimicry,
outcrossing, inbreeding, self-incompatible
simple fruit, dehiscent, aggregate fruit, multiple fruit, germination, dormancy
text: hybridization, GMO (genetically modified organism), Bt toxin, transgene escape, golden rice, biofuel, carbon neutral
10. Growth Regulation & Environmental Response
adaptive plasticity, de-etioloation, greening
signal-transduction, receptor, transduction, response
hormone, auxin, positive phototropism, coleoptile, indoleactic acid, IAA
turgor pressure, polar transport, apical dominance, bud primordia
cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, ABA, ethylene, abscission,
tropisms, positive/negative tropism, phototropism, heliotropism, snow buttercup
gravitropism, statolith, plastid, thigmotropism, mimosa
biological clock, circadian rhythm, endogenous, entrain
photoperiodism, short/long day plant, red/far red
phytochrome, Pr, Pfr, shade light, secondary chemistry
limiting factor, law of the minimum, balanced uptake, root-shoot ratio (R/S), tundra
text: defense, canavanine, predator recruitment, parasitoid wasp, hypersensitive response, systemic acquired resistance
11. Ecology
Ecology, levels of organization, biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism
Distribution, niche, niche axes, trophic interactions
Competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism
Trophic structure, food webs, food chain, producer, consumer, decomposer
Biome, desert, grassland, forest, terrestrial
production, productivity, NPP, herbivory, climate, precipitation
competition, zone of influence, neighborhood competition, resource depletion
ecological space, niche space