Structures and Tissues in Plants- Notes

Structures and Tissues in Plants- notes Name: ______

Seeds
** Not Found in Bryophytes or Ferns / A. ______- embryo of a plant that is protected by a covering and surrounded by a food supply. Seeds are produced only by gymnosperms and angiosperms.

1. Can remain ______for many years

2. Environmental ______(temperature and moisture) end dormancy
3. Many ______for easy dispersal – important for reducing competition
a. Light ______- can float in water and in the air
b. Textured seed ______that stick to animal fur
c.“Winged” seeds – can ______long distances away from parent plant
d. Angiosperm seeds are surrounded by fleshy ______that are eaten by animals allowing seeds to be dispersed
e. Seeds of Gymnosperms develop inside of protective ______.

Vascular Tissue
**Not found in Bryophytes /
Roots /

Stems / Stems- ______plant, contain vascular tissue to transport water and nutrients between the roots and leaves
Two types of ______occur in stems and roots
______growth– growth from the tips of the roots and the tips of the shoots at areas called apical meristem. (allows a plant to grow taller)
______growth– growth in width of the plant. (tree rings)

Leaves
/ Leaves- carry out ______and transpiration
1. ______- outer layer that covers the leaf. “skin”
2. ______- waxy cover over the epidermis that prevents the plant from drying out
3. ______- middle layer of cells that carry out photosynthesis and the exchange of the gases CO2 and O2
4. ______- openings on bottom of leaf that allow gases to enter and leave.
5. ______- cells around the stomata that open and close the stomata
When the guard cells are full of water the stomata is open. When they do not have water the stomata is closed. (This helps the plant conserve water when it is dry)The stomata are usually closed at night. (no sun = no photosynthesis)