Standard on Fire Fighting Equipment

OISD-STANDARD-189

August, 2000

STANDARD ON FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT

FOR

DRILLING RIGS, WORK OVER RIGS

AND PRODUCTION INSTALLATIONS

Prepared by :

Committee on " Standard on fire fighting equipment for

Drilling rigs, Work over rigs

and Production installations"

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE

2ND FLOOR , KAILASH

26, Kasturba Gandhi Marg,

NEW DELHI-110001

Committee on

" Standard on fire fighting equipment for

Drilling rigs, Work over rigs

and Production installations".

SN . / NAME / ORGANISATION / POSITION IN THE COMMITTEE
1
2. / Sh. P.S.Narayanan
Sh. Gulab Singh / Oil India Limited
OISD / Leader
Co-ordinator
3
4. / Sh. Neeraj Sharma
Sh. V.S.Kumar / ONGC
ONGC / Member
Member

FOREWORD

The purpose of this standard is to assist the oil industry in prevention of fire incidents.

It is recognised that the provision indicated in the standard cannot possibly cover all the problems which may arise during the operation. However provision indicated in the standard will definitely help in reducing the major fire hazards in oil industry. Employees available at site should always be kept alert to unforeseen hazards and changing conditions will present new exposures, which must be met with appropriate precautions. The standard will however, assist each individual worker to improve his work methods and reduce accidents.

Suggestions are invited from the users after it is put into practice to improve the document further. Suggestions for amendments to this document should be addressed to:

The Coordinator

Committee on" Standard on fire fighting equipment for Drilling rigs, Work over rigs and Production installations".

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE

KAILASH, 2ND FLOOR

26, K.G. MARG

NEW DELHI – 110 001

The standard in no way supersedes the statutory requirements of bodies like DGMS, CCE or any other Government Body which must be followed as applicable.

NOTE

OISD publications are prepared for use in the oil and gas industry under Ministry of Petroleum & Chemicals. These are the property of Ministry of Petroleum & Chemicals and shall not be reproduced or copied and loaned or exhibited to others without written consent from OISD.

Though every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in this documents. OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from their use.

These documents are intended to supplement rather than replace their prevailing statutory requirements.

CONTENT

SECTIONDESCRIPTIONPAGE NOS.

1.Introduction1

2.Scope1

3.Definitions1

4.Fire protection philosophy2

5.Fire fighting system -Drilling Rig2

6.Fire fighting system - WOR4

Fire fighting system- Production Installation6

GGS/OCS

Fire fighting system- GCP/GCS10
Fire fighting system- EPS12
Fire fighting system- QPS/WHI13
Material Specifications14
Fire Alarm and communications14
Fire safety organisation/Training14
Fire emergency manual15
Fire protection system inspection and testing15
References 15

FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES FOR DRILLING RIGS, WORKOVER RIGS, GROUP GATHERING STATIONS/OIL COLLECTING STATIONS,

GAS COMPRESSOR PLANTS/GAS COMPRESSOR STATIONS,

EARLY PRODUCTION SET-UP AND QUICK PRODUCTION SET-UP/ WELL HEAD INSTALLATION

1.0INTRODUCTION

In the upstream petroleum industry companies are engaged in exploration and development of oilfields as well as production of crude oil and gas. It has been observed that most of the activities like drilling operation, setting up of GGS/OCS, GCP/GCS etc. are carried out initially at remote areas away from the thickly populated locality. However, once the field is established, it has been observed that the area gets surrounded by population and small industries. These causes hazards to the oilfield installations as well as to surrounding residents.

For the protection of the costly equipment and the safety of the surrounding areas, it is important to install necessary in-built fire protection arrangement in the installations. It would be highly costly affair to build systems to control oil well blowout fire or any catastrophic fire situation at each drill site. Here in the standard, necessary minimum fire protection arrangements which are required to fight initial fire in the oilfield installations, workover rigs(WOR) and drilling rigs were included. However, while making the system, due consideration should be given to the availability of nearby city as well as industrial fire services.

It may not be possible to build/incorporate all these fire fighting systems in the existing oilfield installations which are already approved by the respective statutory authority long back. However, it is desirable to incorporate certain fire fighting system in these old installations as and where practicable and acceptable to the management.

2.0SCOPE

2.1This standard covers certain design criteria and minimum requirement of fire protection facilities at drilling rigs, workover rigs and production installations (GGS/OCS, GCP/GCS, EPS, QPS/WHI etc).

2.2This standard does not cover fire protection facilities of refineries, petroleum depots, terminals or any other gas processing plant for which OISD - STD - 116 should be referred to.

2.3This standard does not cover plants processing Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) handling, storage or bottling areas. The same are covered in OISD-STD-144, 116 OR 169 as the case may be.

3.0DEFINITIONS

3.1DRILLING RIG

Drilling Rig is a compact unit including derrick structure,power generating unit for running the draw-works, mud preparation unit and all other necessary equipment for carrying out drilling operation of the earth’s surface by mechanical means to reach down to the oil bearing zones below the ground for exploration and development of oil and gas field.

3.2WORKOVER RIG

Workover Rig is a compact mobile unit along with some other external equipment for mud preparation and power generation etc. The whole unit is mainly required for oil/gas well servicing by performing variety of remedial operation on an oil/gas well as per the technical requirement with the intention of restoring or increasing production.

3.3GROUP GATHERING STATION/OIL COLLECTING STATION

It is a production installation where production from number of wells are collected together for treating and separating oil, water & gas for further despatch to central tank farm.

3.4GAS COMPRESSION PLANT/GAS COMPRESSOR STATION

It is an installation where gases are collected from GGS/OCS and are compressed to different pressures for transportation..

3.5EARLY PRODUCTION SET UP (EPS)

It is a production installation similar to GGS or OCS in nature; however, very small in capacity. This type of set up is generally installed

at a very early stage of development of any oilfield area when the number of wells are limited and their total production is also very less.

3.6QUICK PRODUCTION SET UP (QPS)/ Well Head Installation(WHI)

It is a production installation, generally set up in case of extremely new oildfield area and its capacity is further smaller compared to any EPS.

4.0FIRE PROTECTION PHILOSOPHY

Activities involved in exploration and production of crude oil are extremely risky and may cause considerable financial burden for the industry if any fire / exploration occurred in a drilling or any other installation. Hence, emphasis should be given to design minimum fire protection facilities at various drilling and other production installations, so that in case of fire, it can be Extinguished at its incipient stage to minimise the loss of life and property and also to prevent further spread of fire.

4.1GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

All drilling and workover rigs are rigged-up for short duration and activities are similar in nature therefore basic fire protection facilities and design criteria would be similar in nature.

However, for GGS/OCS, GCP/GCS, EPS & QPS/WHI, fire protection facilities would depend upon the size/capacity of the plant and its layout. Layout of the plant shall be done in accordance with the relevant OISD Standard (Std.118 on Layouts). A good layout can minimise fire risk hazard by providing adequate fire fighting access, means of escape in case of fire and also isolation/segregation of risks / facilities, so that nearby facilities are not affected during a fire incident. In this regard, safe distance from various hazards to installations mentioned in OMR-1984 may be referred.

The following fire protection facilities shall be provided according to various categories of installations and risks associated therein:

-Fire Water system

-Foam system

-First Aid fire fighting equipment

-Communication systems, etc.

4.2Design criteria

Design criteria of any fire fighting system would depend upon the type of installation involved. Following shall be the basic design criteria for a fire protection system.

I)In drilling and workover rigs, fire water storage/fire protection system should be designed to initiate the fire fighting operation before the mobile fire tenders reach at site to provide back up service for prolonged period.

II)In CTF/GGS/OCS and GCP/GCS fire protection, facilities shall be designed to fight one major fire within the installation.

III)In EPS, QPS and WHI minimum fire protection facilities shall be designed to initiate the fire fighting operation before the mobile fire tenders reaches at site to provide back up service for prolonged period.

IV)All the areas except QPS/WHI shall be covered with hydrants and water monitors.

V)Foam system should be provided for storage tank (fixed/floating roof) protection at CTF/GGS /OCS.

VI)All storage tanks (fixed/floating roof) at CTF/GGS/OCS having capacity more than 500 KL and diameter more than 9.0 metres should be protected with water spray/drenching system.

VII)Fire fighting equipment shall be provided at all installations CTF/GGS/OCS as per section 70 (2) & (3) OMR-84. A water ring main with adequate storage of water at site, pump feeding hydrants and water monitors shall be provided and maintained. Fixed roof storage tank shall be provided with fixed foam connections.

5.0FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT AT DRILLING RIG

In drilling rig following fire fighting system/equipment should be provided:

-Fire water system

-First aid fire fighting system

5.1Fire Water System

In drilling rig minimum fire water system should be considered to initiate the fire fighting operation at the incipient stage and before the arrival of the mobile fire tenders.

5.1.1Components of fire water system

The main components of fire water system are fire water storage, fire water pumps and distribution network.

5.1.2Criteria

The fire water system in a drilling rig should be designed to meet the fire water flow required for fighting fire with a monitor of minimum 1600 LPM capacity. However, provision should be made in the system to hook up from the mobile fire tender or any other water supply of adequate pressure to operate some additional water monitors etc.

5.1.3Water Storage

One water tank of capacity minimum 50 KL should be installed at the approach site of the drilling location. The tanks should be skid mounted welded type with adequate thickness.

Provision should be made to divert the water available for mud preparation purpose to the fire water storage tank if required during any emergency. Water filling arrangement for the tank should be made.

In exploratory well drilling, one additional tank/pit of 40 KL to be provided.

5.1.4Fire Water Pump

One diesel engine driven trailer fire pump of capacity 1800 LPM should be placed at the approach area of a drilling site. The pump should be capable of developing 7.0 kg/cm2 pressure and it should be hooked up with the water storage tank provided at the approach area.

5.1.5Fire Water Distribution Line

i)One fire water distribution single line with minimum 4” size pipe/casing should be installed at the drilling rig with a minimum distance of 15.0 metres from the well head area. The water line should be charged from the delivery of the trailer fire pump and also provision shall be made to charge the line from the outside fire tender/pump.

ii) Hydrants

Hydrants in the line should be located in such a manner that the entire hazardous areas are covered/protected. At least 2 nos. of hydrants should be provided on the line (one near bunk houses and other near generator area). Single hydrant with landing valves and 4” stand post shall be provided. All hydrant outlets shall be situated 1.2 mtrs above the ground level.

iii)Monitors

Water monitors fixed/portable shall be installed/provided at least 15.0 mtrs. away from the well head. Monitors shall be located to direct the water jet on the well head and other hazardous area and also to provide water shield to the fireman approaching a fire. The location of the monitors shall not exceed 30.0 mtrs. from the derrick area to be protected.

iv)Minimum four numbers of fire hoses with two numbers of branch pipes should be provided at site.

5.2FIRST AID FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT AT DRILLING RIG

5.2.1Portable Fire Extinguisher

Portable fire Extinguisher should be installed as per the IS-2190 . All the Extinguisher should be located at a convenient location and clearly visible and easily accessible. Maximum running distance from any point to the nearest Extinguisher shall not exceed 10.0 metres. The portable Extinguisher shall be installed in such a way that the top of the Extinguisher is not more than

1.5 mtrs above the floor level.

The minimum quantities of fire Extinguisher at various locations should be provided as per the followings:

Type of AreaPortable Extinguisher

i)Derrick floor-2 nos. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

ii)Main Engine area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

(catterpillar Engine 3 nos.)for each engine

iii)Electrical motor/pump for-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

water circulation for

mud preparation

iv)Mud gunning pump area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher for each mud gunning pump

v)Electrical Control Room-1 No. 6.8 kg CO2 Extinguisher for

each unit

-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher for

each unit

vi)Mud mixing tank area/-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

Chemical laboratory

vii)Diesel storage area-1 No. 50 ltrs Mechanical foam

Extinguisher

-1 No. 50 kg DCP Extinguisher

2 Nos. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

2 Nos. sand bucket or 1/2’ sand

drum with spade.

viii)Lube storage area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

1 No. Sand bucket stand

ix)Air compressor area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

x)Fire pump area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

xi)Near DIC office-1 No. Fire Extinguisher/Shed with

3 Nos. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

and 2 Nos. sand bucket.

xii)Fire bell near bunk house-1 No.

6.0FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES AT WORKOVER RIG

In Workover Rig following fire fighting arrangement should be made:

- Fire water storage facilities with fire pump

- Portable fire Extinguisher

6.1Fire Water Storage with fire pump

One 40.0 KL capacity water storage tank should be provided at the approach area and it should be connected with a trailer/skid mounted diesel engine driven fire water pump of capacity 1800 LPM at 7.0 kg/cm2 pressure. The water storage tank should be skid mounted welded type of adequate thickness. Minimum 4” hydrant line/Hoses to cover well head and hazardous area form approach side(Single line) should be provided with one monitor and one hydrant point. One point near approach should be provided for connecting fire tender. Tank available for preparation of well work over fluid can also be used for fire fighting purpose, provided it is kept at safe place and always kept full.

One additional TPC connection should be provided with the fire water storage tank for connection of the fire tender in case of emergency. Regular filling arrangement of the above mentioned tank should be provided.

Necessary hose storage facilities should be provided for keeping 4 nos. Fire hose of full length with 2 nos. branch pipe.

In case more number of WORs are operating in same area and fire fighting facilities are available within 15 minutes from nearby GGS/CTF/WOR/Drilling rig than pumps and water tankers can be pooled suitably for WORs so that resources are available during critical operations.

6.2First Aid Fire Fighting Equipment at Workover Rig

Type of AreaPortable Extinguisher

I)Workover rig’s engine area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

ii)Rig’s compressor area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

iii)Rig floor area-2 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

iv)Electrical generator house-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

-1 No. 6.8 kg CO2 Extinguisher

v)Mud Water Pump/motor area-1 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

vi)Near DIC office area-2 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

2 Nos. Sand bucket

vii)Fire bell near office cabin-1

viii)Lub. Oil area-2 No. 10 kg DCP Extinguisher

2 Nos sand bucket

Note: Sufficient safety precaution should be taken while transporting the Extinguisher from location to location.

7.0FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES IN CTF/GGS/OCS

The fire fighting facilities in CTF should be done as per OISD Standard 117.

7.1FIRE WATER SYSTEM

Water is an essential and the most important medium available to mankind for fire protection. Water is used for fire extinguishment, fire control, cooling of equipment, exposure protection of equipment and personnel from heat radiation. For these purposes water is used in various forms such as straight jet, water fog, water curtain, water spray, deluge / sprinkler, oscillating monitors for foam preparation etc.

7.1.1Components of Fire Water System

The main components of the system are Fire Water Storage, Fire Water Pumps and Distribution Piping Network.

7.1.2Basis :

The fire water system in an installation should be designed to meet the fire water flow required for fighting one largest risk at a time.

DESIGN FLOW RATE:

Fire water flow rate for a tank farm shall be aggregate of the following:

-Water flow calculated for cooling a tank on fire at a rate of 3 lpm/m² of tank shell area.

-Water flow calculated for exposure protection for all other tanks falling within a radius of (R +30)m from centre of the tank on fire (R-Radius of tank on fire) and situated in the same dyke at a rate of 3 lpm/m² of tank shell area.

- Water flow calculated for exposure protection for all other tanks falling outside a radius of (R+30)m from centre of the tank on fire and situated in the same dyke at a rate of 1 lpm/m2 of tank shell area.