Spring Physics Final Review Name: Period:
This review counts for 40% of the final exam grade. Passing the final exam without completing it will be very hard. This review is not fully comprehensive. It is recommended that you review all chapters, notes, and formulas from this semester in addition to this review. It must be completed in full and turned in no later than the time and date of your final exam.
HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS
1. Define heat and list all UNITS used in heat measurement.
2. Calculate the quantity of heat required to melt a certain mass of solid.
3. Heat transfer in the various states of matter.
4. Define Newton's law of cooling.
5. Why do pressure cookers cook food faster?
6. Compare burns caused by steam and boiling water.
7. The value of absolute zero in the different temperature scales.
8. Carnot's efficiency of heat engines.
9. Define entropy.
10. Relationship among internal energy ,heat and work.
WAVES – Sound and Light
speed=frequency X wavelength
11. Define Sources, frequency, period, the Doppler effect and wave types.
12. You are hungry, so you decide to cook a hot pocket in the microwave. The microwaves in the microwave travel at the speed of light, which is 300,000 km/s. The frequency of the microwaves is 300 megahertz. What is the wavelength of the microwaves? (Remember to use the correct units.)
13. A ball in a wave pool moves up and down three times every second. The wave’s wavelength is 5m. What is the speed of the wave?
14. How fast or slow a sound wave travels depends on what?
15. A note on a violin is played with a frequency of 950-Hz while a tuning fork is played at the same time. While listening, you count 10 beats in five seconds. What is the frequency of the tuning fork?
16. Know how the polarization of light is effected by water.
17. When we look at an object with color, what are we truly seeing in terms of light waves?
18. What are the primary and complementary colors of light? Know which colors add to form other colors.
19. How does a TV work? How about printer cartridges?
20. What determines the colors that we see?
21. Why is it that when the sun is shining, it is most comfortable to wear white?
22. What does refraction of light mean?
23. What causes a mirage?
24. How does the angle of light bend when it comes out of water?
25. List the mediums that light travels through from fastest to slowest.
26. What type of lens/mirrors does a magnifying glass have? A telescope? A microscope?
27. How do lenses affect light?
28. What happens to an image you see, when it lands on your retina?
29. People who can only see far-sighted (not up close) need what type of lens?
30. What happens to a wave when it passes through an opening?
Electric Fields and Forces
Electrical Force= kcharge1charge2distance2
31. Like charges ______and opposite charges ______. Electrons are ______charged and protons are ______charged.
32. “The force between any two charged particles varies directly on the size of the charges and inversely with the square of the distance between the charges” is ______.
33. When distance is increased, electrical force ______.
Circuits
voltage=currentresistance power=currentvoltage
Rseries= R1+ R2+ R3…. 1Rparallel= 1R1+ 1R2+ 1R3….
34. Given 10 Ω and 20 Ω, calculate the total resistance in a series circuit and a parallel circuit.
35. Given 6 amps and 2 ohms, calculate voltage.
36. Given 9 volts and 3 ohms, calculate current.
37. Given 12 volts and 4 ohms, calculate resistance.
38. Given 120 volts and 2 amps, calculate electrical power.
39. List the components of a complete circuit.
40. What is the difference between an open and closed circuit?
41. What is a series circuit?
42. What is a parallel circuit?
43. What is the symbol for a resistor, a wire, a battery, and a switch in a schematic diagram?
44. A circuit in which each resistor has the same current is a ______circuit. A circuit in which each resistor has its own separate current it is a ______circuit.
45. In a ______circuit the total resistance is larger than the individual resistances. In a ______circuit the total resistance is smaller than the individual resistances.
46. The more devices you connect in ______the more the current decreases. The more devices you connect in ______the more the current increases.
47. When Christmas lights are wired in ______a burned out bulb will shut down the whole string.
48. Light bulbs wired in a ______circuit will be brighter than those in a ______circuit.
49. Higher power electrical devices use ______current than lower power devices.
Magnetism
50. What two fields surround an electron?
51. List 3 ways to create a permanent magnet.
52. Define magnetic domain.
53. How do magnetic domains determine if a ferromagnetic substance is magnetic or not?
54. Why can a magnet attract unmagnetized objects?
55. What happens when you break a magnet in half?
56. Where is the magnetic field strongest on a bar magnet? Does its strength increase or decrease with distance?
57. Which poles of a magnet attract? Which poles repel?
58. What are the parts of an electromagnet?
59. Cosmic rays follow Earth’s magnetic field. So where would they be concentrated?