Social Studies-8 Pathways Chapter 16 the New Deal Test Review & Key Terms
NamePeriodDate
Social Studies-8 Pathways Chapter 16 – The New Deal Test Review & Key Terms
Key Terms
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) – established in 1933 to raise farm prices through government financial assistance.
American Liberty League – organization founded in 1934 to oppose the New Deal.
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) – established by Congress in 1933, this program put more than 2.5 million young men to work restoring and maintaining forests, beaches, and parks.
closed shop – workplace open only to union members.
coalition – alliance of groups with similar goals.
deficit spending – paying out more money from the annual federal budget than the government receives in revenues.
demagogue – a leader who manipulates people with half-truths, deceptive promises, and scare tactics.
hundred days – period at the start of Franklin Roosevelt’s presidency in 1933, when many New Deal programs were passed by Congress.
national debt – total amount of money that the federal government borrows and has to pay back.
nationalization – government takeover and ownership of banks, and the redistribution of wealth.
New Deal – term used to describe President Franklin Roosevelt’s relief, recovery, and reform programs designed to combat the Great Depression.
public works program – government-funded projects to build public facilities.
recession – a period of slow business activity.
revenue – income.
Second New Deal – period of legislative activity launched by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1935.
sit-down strike – labor protest in which laborers stop working but refuse to leave the workplace.
Social Security system – system established by the 1935 Social Security Act to provide financial security, in the form of regular payments, to people who cannot support themselves.
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) – Federal project to provide inexpensive electric power, flood control, and recreational opportunities to the Tennessee River.
Wagner Act – law passed in 1935 that aided unions by legalizing collective bargaining and closed shops, and by establishing the National Labor Relations Board.
Chapter Highlights
New Deal jobs programs discriminated against women and minorities.
Roosevelt refused to support strong anti-lynching legislation because he did not want to offend powerful southern congressmen.
Many wealthy Republicans criticized the New Deal as being socialistic.
Huey Long was the popular Louisiana politician who pushed for a more equal distribution of the nation’s wealth.
Many Socialists and Progressives believed that the New Deal did not do enough.
In Roosevelt’s first hundred days in office he pushed to have legislation passed to improve the U.S. economy.
Labor unions grew stronger and were legalized under the New Deal.
The Second New Deal contained legislation aimed at helping ordinary Americans.
Eleanor Roosevelt went against the traditional role of First Lady by publically promoting the New Deal.
Many Republicans thought that the New Deal went too far to reform the economy.
The Supreme Court outlawed sit-down strikes because they were so successful.
Roosevelt won the election of 1936 by a landslide
President Roosevelt declared a “bank holiday” soon after his election to inspect the financial health of the banks.
President Roosevelt’s “brain trust” was a group of advisers who helped him create the New Deal policies.
The “black cabinet” was an unofficial group of African American officeholders.
Federal funds had been allocated by Congress to employ writers, painters, theater actors, and other artists so that the public would benefit from their work.
New Deal Programs & LegislationAgricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) – (1933) established to raise farm prices through government financial assistance. It raised farm prices through subsidies. They paid farmers not to raise certain crops and livestock, hoping that lower production would cause prices to rise.
Banking Act of 1933 – Glass-Stegall Banking Act of 1933. This act established the FDIC to insurebank deposits. The Act was needed to restore confidence in the nation’s banks. The EBA authorized the government to inspect the financial health of all banks.
Civilian Conservation Corp. (CCC) – (1933) provided jobs to young, unmarried men (and later women) to work on conservation and resource development projects. It was established by Congress, this program put more than 2.5 million young, unmarried men (and later women) to work restoring and maintaining forests, beaches, and parks.
Civil Works Administration (CWA) – (1933) Provided federal jobs in building and improving roads and public facilities.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) – (1933) Insured bank deposits up to $5,000. Established by the Glass-Stegall Banking Act of 1933.
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) – (1933) Provided funds to state relief agencies. FERA put money into public works programs and government-funded projects to build public facilities and create jobs.
National Recovery Act (NRA) –(1933) Worked with industries to establish codes outlining fair business and labor practices. The NRA codes regulated wages, working conditions, production, prices, and set a minimum wage.
Public Works Administration (PWA) - (1933) Sponsored massive public works projects such as dams and hydroelectric plants.
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) – (1933) Provided hydroelectric power, flood control, and recreational opportunities to the Tennessee River valley and surrounding areas. Provided jobs to farmers in the underdeveloped Tennessee Valley.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) – Government agency to regulate television, radio, and other communication devices.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) – (1934) Regulated the stock market and protected investors from dishonest trading practices.
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) – (1935) Enforced provisions of the Wagner, which included the right to collective bargaining and other union rights. It also outlawed spying on union activities and blacklisting, a practice in which employers agreed not to hire union leaders. (National Labor Relations Act is known as the Wagner Act)
Social Security Act (SSA) – (1935) Provided old-age pensions, disability payments, and unemployment benefits. Established to provide financial security, in the form of regular payments, to people who cannot support themselves.
Works Progress Administration (WPA) – (1935) Gave the unemployed work in building construction and arts programs. Provided work for more than 8 million citizens. It built or improved thousands of playgrounds, schools, hospitals, and airfields. It also supported the creative work of many artists and writers.
Fair Labor Standards Act – (1938) Banned child labor and established a minimum wage for all workers covered under the act.
Wagner Act – law passed in 1935 that aided unions by legalizing collective bargaining and closed shops. It also established the National Labor Relations Board