SIL Doulos 93 Font (12pt) in Word 2002 - symbols can be copied and pasted into other Word documents
Prepared by Geoff Morrison, August 2004, revised 2 May 2006
THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (revised to 1993, updated 1996)
consonants (pulmonic)
Bilabial / Labiodental / Dental / Alveolar / Postalveolar / Retroflex / Palatal / Velar / Uvular / Pharyngeal / GlottalPlosive / / / / / / /
Nasal / / / / / / /
Trill / / /
Tap or Flap / /
Fricative / / / / / / / / / / /
Lateral
fricative /
Approximant / / / / /
Lateral
approximant / / / /
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one on the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.
consonants (non-pulmonic)
Clicks / Voiced implosives / Ejectives / Bilabial / / Bilabial / / Examples:
/ Dental / / Dental/alveolar / / Bilabial
/ (Post)alveolar / / Palatal / / Dental/alveolar
/ Palatoalveolar / / Velar / / Velar
/ Alveolar lateral / / Uvular / / Alveolar fricative
other symbols
/ Voicless labial-velar fricative / / Alveolo-palatal fricatives / Voicled labial-velar approximant / / Alveolar lateral flap
/ Voicled labial-palatal approximant / / Simultaneous and
/ Voicless epiglottal fricative / Affricates and double articulations can be represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar if necessary
/ Voicled epiglottal fricative
/ Epiglottal plosive /
vowels
/ Front / Central / BackClose / / /
/
Close-mid / / /
Open-mid / / /
/
Open / /
Where symbols appear in pairs the one on the right represents a rounded vowel.
suprasegmentals / Primary stress
/ Secondary stress
diacritics Diacritics may be placed above a symbol with a descender, e.g.
/ Voiceless / / Breathy voice / / Dental / Voiced / / Creaky voice / / Apical
/ Aspirated / / Linguolabial / / Laminal
/ More rounded / / Labialised / / Nasalised
/ Less rounded / / Palatalised / / Nasal release
/ Advanced / / Velarised / / Lateral release
/ Retracted / / Pharyngealised / / No audible release
/ Centralised / / Velarised or pharyngeralised (alveolar lateral)
/ Mid-centralised / / Raised (( / / voiced alveolar fricative)
/ Syllabic / / Lowered (( / / voiced bilabial approximant)
/ Non-syllabic / / Advanced tongue root
/ Rhoticity / / Retracted tongue root
The International Phonetic Association permits (with no limitations or licensing restrictions and at no charge in the form of a license fee or royalties) third parties to use (copy, publicly display, publicly perform, publish/distribute and create derivative works based thereon) the IPA symbols and IPA charts as part of or in products such as books and software/hardware as long as the third party acknowledges the International Phonetic Association as the copyright owner of the International Phonetic Alphabet and the IPA charts.
/ Long / Half-long
/ Extra-short
/ Minor (foot) group
/ Major (intonation) group
/ Syllable break
/ Linking (absence of a break)
tones and word accents
LEVEL / CONTOUR / Extra high / / Rising
/ High / / Falling
/ Mid / N/A / High rising
/ Low / N/A / Low rising
/ Extra low / N/A N/A / Rising-falling
/ Downstep / / Global rise
/ Upstep / / Global fall