Semester Test Review
1. Who crossed the plains in 1540 with his conquistadors resulting in the beginning of recorded history in Oklahoma?
a.) Christopher Columbus
b.) Francisco Coronado
c.) Amerigo Vespucci
2. Where was the land bridge “Beringia” located?
a.) Between Russia and Alaska
b.) Between Mexico and the United States
c.) Between Canada and the United States
3. Where were the “Cross Timbers” prehistorically?
a.) Western Oklahoma
b.) Eastern Oklahoma
c.) In the Panhandle
4. What type of land does Western Oklahoma generally have?
a.) Cross Timers
b.) Prairie land
c.) Mountainous type land
5. What part of Oklahoma has the lushest vegetation?
a.) Panhandle
b.) Eastern
c.) Western
6. What type of legacy did the Spaniards leave?
a.) One of fame, fortune and good will
b.) One of cowardice and unwilling to fight
c.) One of distrust and hatred
7. What was the European policy concerning land ownership?
a.) The Nation that found the land should share it with the Indians
b.) The Nation that found the land had ownership
c.) All land should be commonly owned
8. What are inhabitants?
a.) People who sold land after they had discovered it
b.) People who discovered new land
c.) The people that were on the land before discovery
9. Who instructed the French minister of finance to sell all of Louisiana?
a.) Napoleon
b.) Christopher Columbus
c.) Amerigo Vespucci
10. Why did the French sell Louisiana?
a.) Because the colonies of America forced them to.
b.) Because they were constantly at war and needed money
c.) Because they no longer wanted to be imperialist
11. How much did the United States buy Louisiana for?
a.) 15 Million dollars
b.) 5 Million dollars
c.) 15 Trillion dollars
12. What did President Jefferson commission Lewis and Clark to do?
a.) To clearly find a passage from the United States to Mexico
b.) To find a passage through the high mountains of the West
c.) To Find gold to fund the purchase of Louisiana
13. Whose expedition was the first to include Oklahoma?
a.) Lewis and Clark
b.) Vespucci and Columbus
c.) Wilkinson and Pike
14. Who found the Great Salt Plains?
a.) Sibley
b.) Coronado
c.) Cortez
15. Name one effect the Doctrine of Discovery had on the Indian-U.S. Government?
a.) The Indian nations were forced to join together as one tribe
b.) The Indian nations were recognized as separate and sovereign nations
c.) The U.S. claims to have conquered the Indian nations
16. Who made the final decisions about what to do with Indian land?
a.) The U.S. government
b.) The independent nations
c.) The tribal councils
17. What did the Doctrine of Discovery do?
a.) It gave individual ownership of land to the explorer who found it
b.) It gave ownership of land to the natives that were already living on the land
c.) It gave ownership of land to the government of the explorer who found the land
18. What happened to the natives after the land they lived on was discovered?
a.) They became the rightful occupants of the land but did not own it.
b.) They were immediately forced to move to reservations
c.) They became the rightful owner of the land
19. Describe the Europeans views on land ownership.
a.) They believed it was commonly owned for the greater good of all
b.) They believed in individual land ownership
c.) They believed that the Indians should be the rightful owner since they were the original inhabitants
20. Describe the Indians views on land ownership.
a.) They believed it was commonly owned for the greater good of all
b.) They believed in individual land ownership
c.) They believed that the Indians should be the rightful owner since they were the original inhabitants
21. What did the early land transactions between the colonists and Indians lead to?
a.) It led to distrust on each side
b.) It led to a strong trust between each side
c.) It led to the Indian ownership of the land they occupied
22. What was President Jefferson’s beliefs about the solution to the Indian problem.
a.) He believed we should assimilate them into society through education
b.) He believed we should conquer them
c.) The Indians should be the owners of their land because they lived there first
23. Who was the primary creator of the Indian removal as the answer to the Indian Problem?
a.) Thomas Jefferson
b.) George Washington
c.) John C. Calhoun
24. How many Indians were rounded up for the first removal?
a.) about 2000
b.) about 10,000
c.) about 18,000
25. How many Indians died on the first removal?
a.) 250
b.) 2500
c.) 25
26. Who had to walk in the second removal?
a.) All Indians
b.) The non elderly and healthy
c.) No one
27. What disease struck the second removal?
a.) The black plague
b.) The bubonic plague
c.) Cholera
28. Compare the human pain and suffering in the second removal as compared to the first?
a.) There was less human pain and suffering
b.) There was more human pain and suffering
c.) It was about the same
29. Describe the views of many of the Choctaws about the Third removal.
a.) They refused to go
b.) They demanded to be sent on train
c.) They were happy to go to get away from the english settlers
30. What name was the removal journey given?
a.) The Indian Removal
b.) The Trail of Tears
c.) They Indian Trail
31. What happened to Indians when they were given credit at Trading Posts?
a.) They bought white land
b.) They refused to use the credit
c.) They piled up huge debts
32. Where did the Natives move from and where did they move to in the first removal?
a.) From Tennessee to Oklahoma
b.) From Memphis to Arkansas
c.) From Memphis to Oklahoma
33. Where were the Chickasaws placed before they were removed?
a.) In jail
b.) On reservations
c.) In emigration camps
34. How were the Chickasaws in the second removal going to be removed initially?
a.) By foot
b.) By Riverboat
c.) By Train
35. What happened to the Native Americans after they arrived on their new land?
a.) They found the land lush and easy to farm
b.) They found that Western tribes were already living on the land
c.) They found that the land did not exist
36. What was the main disease killed several Chickasaws and Choctaws?
a.) Smallpox
b.) Cancer
c.) Chicken Pox
37. Where were the Seminoles located before their removal?
a.) Florida
b.) Tennessee
c.) Georgia
38. Describe the Seminoles relationships with their slaves.
a.) They were very close with their slaves in comparison with other slave owners
b.) They treated their slaves very poor in comparison to other slave owners
c.) They did not own slaves
39. Name one famous Seminole leader?
a.) Geronimo
b.) Cochise
c.) Osceola
40. Name one thing the discovery of gold in California did?
a.) It sped up the Western movement
b.) It allowed the Indians to stay on their land in the East because so many settlers moved west to find gold
c.) It made the Native Americans rich because they owned a lot of the land the gold was found on.
41. Where was no man’s land?
a.) On the Eastern border of the Louisiana territory
b.) In Southeastern Oklahoma
c.) In the panhandle of Oklahoma
42. Which of the Five Civilized tribes adapted to the “white” way the fastest?
a.) Choctaw
b.) Chickasaw
c.) Seminole
43. Which type of Native American hid and lived as the natives always had?
a.) Mixed Bloods
b.) Native Bloods
c.) Full Bloods
44. Which type of Native adapted the best through education?
a.) Mixed Bloods
b.) Native Bloods
c.) Full Bloods
45. Name an occurrence that prompted some “whites” to write the government about the treatment of the natives.
a.) The natives were starting to win the battle against their removal
b.) The natives were becoming too prosperous in the west
c.) The Georgia guard committed crimes against the natives when removing them
46. Who were the Seminoles governed by?
a.) The Spanish
b.) The French
c.) The British
47. What were the years between the Indian removal and Civil War called?
a.) the removal years
b.) the Reservation period
c.) The Golden Years
48. What were the governments that the Five Civilized adopted like?
a.) Very much like the one of the U.S. Government
b.) They did not have constitutions due to wanting to be separated from the white settlers
c.) They completely separated them from the U.S. government, thus giving the United States no power over them
49. What was the main factor that helped the Indians “deal” with the white settlers?
a.) They became advanced enough to fight them off and remain independent
b.) Education
c.) Although they were outmatched they were better “warriors” thus keeping their independence
50. What percent of Indians owned slaves?
a.) About half
b.) More than half
c.) Very few
51. Describe the conditions for most of the Indians after their removal.
a.) Most lived in poverty
b.) Most lived in prosperity with their new land
c.) Most became slaves
52. What were the main crops in the south?
a.) Wheat, corn and Beans
b.) Cotton, tobacco and rice
c.) Soybean, sugarcane and tea
53. Name one thing each constitution for the five civilized tribes contained.
a.) An amendment declaring the Indian’s loyalty to the confederate states
b.) A Bill of Rights
c.) An amendment declaring the Indian’s loyalty to the union states
54. What was most of the Indian Territory a replica of?
a.) The American South
b.) The American North
c.) The same as it was before the removal
55. Where did the first territorial battle of the Civil War take place?
a.) Battle of Round Mountain
b.) Battle of Honey Springs
c.) Battle of Gettysburg
56. What were the results of the first battle of the Civil War?
a.) The Indians were able to make the Union soldiers retreat
b.) The Indians were able to make the Confederate soldiers retreat
c.) The Indians were overtaken by the Union troops
57. Where was the Indians loyalty in the Civil war.
a.) They wanted to remain neutral
b.) With the Confederacy
c.) With the Union
58. What eventually happened to the Indians during the Civil War.
a.) They eventually gained their independence from the Union
b.) They were overtaken and enlisted as Indian Home guards
c.) They eventually gained their independence from the Confederacy
59. What battle was the turning point of the war in Indian territory?
a.) Battle of Vicksburg
b.) Battle of Rock Springs
c.) Battle of Honey Springs
60. Who was the only Indian to gain the rank of General?
a.) Chief John Ross
b.) General Stand Waite
c.) General George Custer
61. Who won the Civil War?
a.) Union
b.) Confederates
c.) Indians
62. 4 out of 5 of the Civilized tribes provided warriors for who during the Civil War?
a.) The Union
b.) The Confederates
c.) The Slave owning states
63. What happened to the Indians in regards to their lands after the Civil War?
a.) The Union allowed them to keep most of their land due to their loyalty
b.) The Confederacy allowed them to keep most of their land due to their loyalty
c.) The Federal Government forced them to forfeit their lands although they were loyal to the union
64. What were the Cherokees, Creeks and Seminoles forced to do with their former slaves?
a.) They were forced to give them to Southern slave owners
b.) They were forced to give them to Union slave owners
c.) They were forced to make them citizens
65. Name a result of the Medicine Lodge Treaties.
a.) It created peace and stability while maintaining the boundaries of Indian Territory
b.) It further reduced Indian Territory lands
c.) It led to beginning of trust between the Indian nations and the U.S. Government
66. Name the biggest reason the U.S. Government wanted the Indians to farm?
a.) Because it would reduce the Indians exposure to the “White” settlers
b.) Because the buffalo was going extinct.
c.) Because the U.S. Government needed another cheap source of food from the Indians.
67. What General led the seventh cavalry that attacked and killed 102 Indian warriors?
a.) General Stand Waite
b.) General George Custer
c.) General Stonewall Jackson
68. Why were some Indians not opposed to white settlement?
a.) They did not want to be responsible for so much land
b.) They believed that hunting and gathering would be better under the new conditions
c.) They thought it would bring economic growth
69. What was the name of the group of people led by David Payne who created excitement about opening up the Indian territory for settlement?
a.) Boomers
b.) Reservationists
c.) Sooners
70. What continued to happen to Payne’s group that entered the unassigned land?
a.) They were continually forced to retreat back to Kansas
b.) They were able to buy the land they wanted
c.) They were able to force the U.S. Government to open the Cherokee strip
71. Who take over the Boomer Movement for Payne when he died?
a.) William Couch
b.) Stand Waite
c.) Grover Cleveland
72. How much land could each entrant claim in the Landrun?
a.) 80 Acres
b.) 320 Acres
c.) 160 Acres
73. How old did a person have to be to enter the landrun?
a.) 16
b.) 21
c.) 18
74. What was the name of the people who plotted land too early in the Land Run and hid until it was time for the race?
______
75. Where was the closest court that originally had the authority to try cases in the Indian Territory?
a.) Oklahoma City