CHAPTER 10 ______

STUDY GUIDE NAME

SECTION 1 – ECONOMIC GROWTH

1. Industrial Revolution first began in ______(country) in mid-1700’s. This was an important change in the way goods are produced (made). Goods prior to the “revolution” were made in ______, but after goods were now made in ______, or mills.

2. The Industrial Revolution first occurred in the United States in ______(region/area).

The reasons why it occurred in this region are:

1.______- which made a workforce willing to work in factories

2.______- these were necessary to power the factories

3.______- these would be necessary because both raw materials

finished products would pass through these.

3. The United States economic system is known as ______. Capital is money used

for ______.

The free enterprise system consisted of several elements like:

1. economic freedom

2. ______

3. profit

4. private property

4. New machines that were used in the production of cloth because they spun thread into cloth

were the ______and the ______.

Eli Whitney was important because he invented the ______which made

the cleaning of cotton ______and ______. He also developed the idea of

“uniform/identical pieces” this is known as ______. This

allowed for the mass production of goods and the reduction of prices of many goods.

Inventors like Whitney would receive exclusive rights privileges to make profits from their

inventions this was known as a ______.

5. Two men who were important in the development of factories in the United Stateswere:

Samuel Slater – Memorize plans for machines he had seen in ______. Then he moved to the United States and opened a mill in ______(state)

Francis Cabot Lowell- was the first to ………………………………………………………

…………………………………This would be known as the FACTORY SYSTEM.

6. Most Americans still lived on farms as of 1820, around ______%. As a result of the Industrial Revolution cotton production in the South ______.

7. Cities changed too as a result of the Industrial Revolution. Cities on rivers like theOhiogrew; examples of these types of cities were ______, Louisville and ______. Cities did have problems like ______, because most of the city was made of wood and there were not professional fire fighting companies. Also disease was a threat; the city of Philadelphia had thousands killed by ______

SECTION 2 – WESTWARD BOUND

8. The census in 1790 showed that there roughly ______million people in the U.S. Most

lived…………………………………………………By ______there were nearly

10 million people in the U.S. and almost 2 million west of the …………………………..

Families (pioneers) would face hardships as families as they traveled west.

The first federally built road was the NATIONAL ROAD. It began ______( state)

And eventually stretched to as far west as Vandalia,______.

9. River travel was preferred over travel in wagons because:

a.

b. could carry large amounts of material on a single river barge.

There were definite disadvantages to river travel, these are :

a. rivers flowed in the wrong direction—pioneers needed rivers that flowed ______to

______, but most rivers in the Northeast flowed ______to ______.

b.

The steamboat was a major improvement in transportation. ______was the man who created a steamboat powerful enough to fight the currents of most of the nations rivers. The name of his steamboat was the ______, its first successful run went from New York City to ______in a little more than 30 hours.

Steamboats dramatically changed transportation. Now goods moved ______and the cost of shipping ______. Cities grew as well, new cities began to grow like ______&

St. Louis.

10. The most famous canal would be in ______(state)and would link the ______River and Lake______. Its name is the ERIE CANAL, and was the work of ______, a businessman and politician.

The canal was built by ______immigrants during the 1820’s. The success of the canal led to a ______in the cost of shipping goods, and a ______in the amount of canal building throughout the United States.

4. New western states were admitted during the time period, they were:

1.

2.between 1791--1803

3.

4.

1.

2.

3. between 1816-1821

4.

5.

Study your Enrichment Worksheet from 10-2 on Roads and Canals.

There will be question on the test that deal with the map p.318 on Canals 1820-1860.

Section 3 – Unity and Sectionalism

12. The Republican candidate who won the election of 1816 was ______. He easily defeated the Federalists candidate and began a period of little political fighting known as the ______.

Leaders began to emerge from different regions or sections of the country. The three sections were:

1.- Daniel Webster spoke for this section interests.

2.- Henry Clay spoke for this section interests.

3. - John C. Calhoun spoke for this section interests.

13. Daniel Webster supported :

-______- which taxed imports and protected the industries of the Northeast.

- the Union over section interests, he famously said “Liberty and ______, now &

______, one and ______.

Henry Clay supported:

- was famous because he tried to settle disputes by ______.

- the most famous compromise he worked on was the ______,

that was worked out in 1820. The specific parts of it were:

1.______- would enter the Union as a free state

2.______- would enter the Union as a slave state

3.______-would be the line of latitude that slavery would be banned

north of.

Clay also proposed the American System. This was a idea of a program made up of several parts to strengthen the entire country. The parts are:

1. ______- which would protect industries in the North

2. ______- which would improve the movement of goods throughout the

country.

3.______- this would help strengthen the country’s economy.

John C. Calhounsupported:

1. ______which he thought were good for the South but eventually opposed

them because they made goods more expensive.

2. state sovereignty- which the belief that states had certain powers over the federal

government.

He opposed :

Tariff of 1816 and internal improvements.

14. The U. S. also negotiated several treaties during this time period. Here are the treaties and the importance of each.

RUSH- BAGOT—year negotiated --______

  1. dealt with disarmament on the ______.(body of water)
  2. this treaty was with ______(country).

CONVENTION OF 1818----year negotiated—1818.

  1. set the boundary (at the site of the LouisianaTerritory) of the U.S. with Canada

at the ______th parallel.

  1. created a ______border, which means there was a lack of military .
  2. opened up the ______to U.S. settlement.

ADAMS-ONIS TREATY----year negotiated______.

  1. this treaty was negotiated with ______(country)
  2. Americans had already taken parts of ______Florida in 1810 & 1812.
  3. ______was an American general who

Invaded ______Florida because he was chasing raiding ______(Indian tribe) Indians. The foreign minister from
Spain called for the U.S. officer’s, ______or military court trial.

  1. The U.S. also began to try and establish itself internationally during this period.

In 1823- President Monroe issued the MONROE DOCTRINE. This was a statement to Europe that said………………………………………………

The events that triggered this was the attempt by the Quadruple Alliance (made up of ______to put

down revolutions in ______( continent).