CW7

Secession to Gettysburg

  1. Who won the presidential election of 1860?

Abraham Lincoln

  1. Who became the vice president in this same election?

Hannibal Hamlin

  1. What compromise is considered to be the last great attempt to prevent a civil war?

Crittenden Compromise

  1. Who was president of the United States when secession began?

James Buchanan

  1. Which state was the first to secede from the Union?

South Carolina

  1. What six statesfollowed South Carolina in secession?

MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX

  1. Where did delegates from these six states meet to create their new government?

Montgomery, AL

  1. Who was elected as the president of the Confederate States of America?

Jefferson Davis

  1. Who was the vice president of the Confederacy?

Alexander Stephens

  1. How long did the American Civil War last?

Four Years

  1. When did the Civil War officially begin?

April 12, 1861

  1. What was the first place attacked (and thus the first conflict) to begin the American Civil War?

Fort Sumter

  1. How many volunteer soldiers did Lincoln call for in response to this attack?

75,000

  1. Because of this call to arms, what four southern states seceded?

VA, AR, TN, NC

  1. What became the official capital of the Confederacy?

Richmond, VA

  1. What was the Confederate aim of the war?

To defend their independence

  1. What was Lincoln’s, and therefore the Union’s, aim of the war?

To preserve the Union

  1. List the advantages of the Union entering into the war.

Refer to Page CW3

  1. List the advantages of the Confederacy entering into the war.

Refer to Page CW3

  1. Who was the overall commander of the Union forces to begin the war?

Winfield Scott

  1. What was his initial strategy for war called?

Anaconda Plan

  1. What was the first major battle of the war?

First Bull Run (Manassas)

  1. At the outset of the war, who led the Army of the Potomac?

Irvin McDowell

  1. Who led the Army of Northern Virginia?

Joseph Johnston

  1. What was the nickname of Thomas Jackson?

Stonewall

  1. Who won the First Battle of Bull Run?

Confederacy

  1. Who did Lincoln replace Scott and McDowell with as Union military commander as well as leader of the Army of the Potomac?

George McClellan

  1. To begin, who led the Union forces in the western theater?

Henry Halleck

  1. Who led the Confederacy in the western theater at the early stages of the war?

Albert Sidney Johnston

  1. Who led the Union in important victories at Fort Donelson and Fort Henry?

Ulysses S. Grant

  1. What major battle in the western theater (which had very famous conflicts at places referred to as the "Peach Orchard" and the “Hornet’s Nest”), resulted in the death of Confederate army commander, Albert Sidney Johnston. His death was the highest-ranking casualty of the war on either side.

Shiloh

  1. After several successful battles and with an injury to Johnston, who was promoted to the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia?

Robert E. Lee

  1. By deciding to fight from an offensive rather than a defensive position by attacking Maryland and Pennsylvania, Jefferson Davis hoped to get the backing of what two European nations?

England and France

  1. What document did Lincoln write that legally freed the slaves in the Confederacy?

Emancipation Proclamation

  1. After which battle was it issued?

Antietam (Sharpsburg)

  1. Because Lincoln was unsatisfied with McClellan’s performance, who did he promote to commander of the Union forces?

Ambrose Burnside

  1. Once again, Lincoln was not happy with the leader of the Union army (Burnside, who lost at Fredericksburg) and replaced him with who?

Joseph Hooker

  1. The Battle of Chancellorsville proved to be the final fight for the hero Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson. How did he die?

Pneumonia

  1. Just after Chancellorsville, which battle became the largest cavalry engagement of the American Civil War, as well as the largest ever to take place on American soil?

Brandy Station

  1. Yet again, with Hooker’s failure at Chancellorsville, Lincoln selected another man to lead the Union Army. Whom did he choose?

George Meade

  1. Lee decided upon a second invasion of the North (the first was the unsuccessful Maryland Campaign of September 1862, which ended in the bloody Battle of Antietam). Such a move would reduce the pressure on the besieged Confederate garrison at Vicksburg. The invasion would also allow the Confederates to live off the rich Northern farms while giving war-ravaged Virginia a much-needed rest. In addition, Lee's 72,000-man army could threaten Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, and possibly strengthen the growing peace movement in the North. As they approached northern territory, who did Lee order to lead the cavalry during the crucial phase of the approach into the north and ride around to screen the east flank of the Union army in an attempt to be the "eyes and ears" of the army, while advancing into unfamiliar enemy territory?

J.E.B. Stuart

  1. In what Pennsylvania town did Lee engage in battle with Meade resulting inperhaps the most famous, most important, and most destructive battle of the war?

Gettysburg

  1. How many days did the Battle of Gettysburg last?

Three Days

  1. What two famous charges in the Battle of Gettysburg have become very much a part of Civil War history and romanticism?

Chamberlain’s Charge, Pickett’s Charge

  1. Which Union leader is most associated with the charge at Little Round Top?

Joshua Chamberlain

  1. Which Confederate leader is most associated with Pickett’s Charge?

George Pickett

  1. Should the Battle of Gettysburg be considered a turning point in the eastern theater?

Yes (but not to all)

  1. What famous speech followed the Battle of Gettysburg?

Gettysburg Address

  1. Who wrote the speech? Why was the speech written?

Lincoln, to dedicate a cemetery

  1. Shortly after Gettysburg, what major city had massive riots in opposition to the draft?

New York

Line Ups:

Union versus Confederate

(Write U or C for the victor next to each battle as appropriate; Write I for those that are inconclusive)

  1. First Bull Run:C6. Seven Pines: I
  1. Wilson’s Creek:C7. Antietam:I tactical, U strategic
  1. Fort Henry/Fort Donelson: U8. Fredericksburg: C
  1. Hampton Roads: I9. Chancellorsville: C
  1. Shiloh: U10. Gettysburg: U