Science Semester Study Guide

  1. The sun and the nine planets make up our solar system.
  2. All the planets are held in orbit by a force called gravity.
  3. Each of the nine planets moves in an orbit, or curved path, around the sun.
  4. Mercury is the closest planet to the sun.
  5. Venus is the second planet from the sun.
  6. The earth is the third planet from the sun.
  7. The earth is about 93 million miles from the sun.
  8. The earth is 70% water.
  9. The moon is the largest object in the night sky. It is 240,000 miles from earth.
  10. The sun is 400 times larger than the moon.
  11. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon on July 20, 1969.
  12. Thunderstorms are heavy rains with thunder and lighting.
  13. Tornado is a large storm that forms over an ocean, the winds can go as fast as 500 per hour.
  14. Hurricane is a violent but small storm that starts over land.
  15. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean.
  16. The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean.
  17. The Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean.
  18. The Arctic is the smallest ocean.
  19. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
  20. An earthquake is shaking of the surface of earth when the plates of the earth move.
  21. About one million earthquakes happen every year.
  22. A tsunami is an earthquake underwater.
  23. Natural resources that can replace, or renew, themselves in a short time are called renewable natural resources.
  24. Natural resources that are replaced very slowly or not at all are called nonrenewable natural resources.
  25. Conservation is the protection of Earth’s natural balance and the wise use of its resources.
  26. Hibernation is sleeping through the winter.
  27. Migration is traveling south to warmer areas to find food and returning north in the spring.
  28. Protective coloring is called camouflage.
  29. A fox hole is called a den.
  30. The beaver builds a home in water. It is called a lodge.
  31. All animals reproduce. They make more living things like themselves.
  32. An animal that eats only other animals is a carnivore.
  33. An animal that eat both plants and animals is an omnivore.
  34. Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone.
  35. Earthworms do not have eyes or ears.
  36. Earthworms have 10 hearts.
  37. The two most dangerous spiders are the black widow and the brown recluse.
  38. Reptiles are vertebrates. A reptile is cold-blooded.
  39. Alligators can be found in the southeastern United States.
  40. Boa constrictor is the largest snakes in the world.
  41. There are about 300 kinds of poisonous snakes in the world.
  42. Birds are warm-blooded.
  43. There are over 8,600 kinds of birds.
  44. The largest bird is the ostrich.
  45. The smallest bird is the hummingbird.
  46. There are more than 4,000 different kinds of mammals.
  47. Mammals are vertebrates.
  48. Mammals are warm-blooded animals.
  49. Apes belong to a group of mammals called primates.
  50. Gibbons are the smallest apes.