Grade 5 Revision sheet

Science quarter 4 (2016/2017)

  1. .Earth’s crust is made up of plates that rest on the mantle. Which of the following is the best estimate of how many plates make up the earth’s crust?

A. / 10
B. / 100
C. / 1,000
D. / 10,000
  1. ____Certain land features form where plates meet. Which land feature forms where two continental plates move toward each other?

A. / Glaciers
B. / Mountains
C. / Oceans
D. / Trenches
  1. ____ Once in a while a small piece of Earth can shake enough to crumble buildings to the ground.

In which layer of the earth does an earthquake begin?

A. / the inner core
B. / the outer core
C. / the mantle
D. / the crust
  1. ____Scientists use a seismograph to measure the strength of an earthquake.

Which specific aspect of an earthquake does a seismograph measure?

A. / the depth of the fault
B. / the total energy released
C. / the size of the energy waves
D. / the location of the epicenter
  1. ____Certain land features form at plate boundaries. Which land feature is likely to form most quickly?

A. / a volcano
B. / a rift valley
C. / a chain of islands
D. / a mountain range
  1. ____The earth consists of the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.

Which label do scientists use when they refer to the four parts of the earth shown in the image?

A. / Faults
B. / Layers
C. / Plates
D. / Rings
  1. Earth’s crust is made up of plates that rest on the mantle. Which of the following best estimates the distance across one of the plates that make up Earth’s crust?

A. / A typical plate is 2,500 feet wide.
B. / A typical plate is 25 miles wide.
C. / A typical plate is 250 miles wide.
D. / A typical plate is 2,500 miles wide.
  1. The following image shows the readings of a seismograph.

Which point on the seismographic reading shows an earthquake?

A. / Point A
B. / Point B
C. / Point C
D. / Point D
  1. As two continental plates move together, their edges fold and bend, pushing up mountain ranges. Which statement about a young mountain range would be true?

A. / It will be more snow-covered than older mountain ranges.
B. / Its mountains will be taller than those of older ranges.
C. / It will be less weathered than older mountain ranges.
D. / Its mountains will be less volcanic than those of older ranges.
  1. Earth’s surface is constantly changing. Which process begins in Earth’s mantle below Earth’s crust?

A. / an earthquake
B. / the forming of a mountain range
C. / the sinking of a fault line
D. / a volcanic eruption
  1. Which of the following is most like the action of an earthquake?

A. / frying a piece of chicken
B. / plucking a guitar string
C. / popping a balloon
D. / whistling a tune
  1. Different types of plate motion produce boundaries that shape different landforms and cause different types of events. Which events will most likely occur where two plates slide against each other, moving in different directions?

A. / Earthquakes
B. / Floods
C. / Hurricanes
D. / Volcanoes
  1. Which statement best describes why a model is useful when studying plate movement?

A. / Plate movement is difficult to observe in nature.
B. / Plate movement can be viewed only from space.
C. / Plate movement occurs only in remote areas of the world.
D. / Plate movement happens too quickly to understand its effects.
  1. Suppose that an earthquake has occurred along the San Andreas fault in the western United States. Which event most likely caused the earthquake?

A. / Two plates moved near each other.
B. / Two plates moved against each other.
C. / Two plates moved on top of each other.
D. / Two plates moved away from each other.
  1. Below the Atlantic Ocean floor, two plates move apart. What landform is beginning to develop?

A. / a canyon
B. / a crevice
C. / a mountain
D. / a volcano
  1. Earth is made up of many layers. Which layer is responsible for the movement of Earth’s plates?

A. / the core
B. / the crust
C. / the mantle
D. / the ocean
  1. Look at the image below. The arrow points to the Atlantic Ocean as it was millions of years ago.

Which statement best describes what is happening to the Atlantic Ocean as the plates drift farther apart?

A. / It is growing deeper.
B. / It is becoming wider.
C. / Its water is becoming saltier.
D. / Its temperature is decreasing.
  1. A scientist wants to study the effects of plate movements. What would be the best way for the scientist to do this?

A. / conduct an experiment
B. / visit an active volcano
C. / observe the Ring of Fire
D. / design a computer model

Sometimes, magma forces plates to push apart. Which statement best explains how magma reaches Earth’s surface?

A. / Gravity pulls the magma to the surface.
B. / Plate movement forces the magma upward.
C. / Heat and pressure cause the magma to rise.
D. / Magnetism attracts the magma to the surface.
  1. Plates cause changes to Earth’s surface as they move and shift. Which type of plate movement forms mountains?

A. / Plates drift apart.
B. / Plates slide by each other.
C. / Plates push against each other.
D. / Plates blend to form one large plate.
  1. As the mantle moves beneath Earth’s crust, plates move with it. Which of the following is this movement most like?

A. / logs in a river
B. / clouds in the sky
C. / sailboats on a lake
D. / ice cubes in a glass
  1. Study the table of mineral properties.

Mineral / Luster / Streak / Other characteristics
Calcite / nonmetallic / white / bubbles when cold, dilute hydrochloric acid is dropped on it
Graphite / metallic / black / feels greasy
Magnetite / metallic / black / is magnetic
Mica / nonmetallic / none / peels into thin flakes
Talc / nonmetallic / white to very pale green / feels greasy

Which mineral has cleavage in one direction?

A. / Mica
B. / Talc
C. / Calcite
D. / Magnetite
  1. Terrell has a colorless mineral that cleaves in three directions. He can scratch it with his fingernail, which has a hardness of about 2.5.

Mineral / Hardness / Color / Cleavage
Gypsum / 2 / colorless, white / cleaves in 3 directions
Galena / 2.5 / lead-gray / cleaves in 3 directions
mica (biotite) / 2.5 to 3 / black to brown to green / cleaves in 1 direction
Fluorite / 4 / colorless, purple / cleaves in 4 directions
Olivine / 6.5 to 7 / Green / no cleavage
Quartz / 7 / commonly colorless or white but comes in a wide range of colors / no cleavage

Using the information in the table above, which mineral does Terrell have?

A. / fluorite
B. / galena
C. / Gypsum
D. / Mica
  1. Kayla has a sample of the mineral galena and the section of the Mohs scale shown. Kayla wants to figure out galena’s hardness. She performs some tests. Here results are in the table below.

Test / Result
A / scratches talc
B / does not scratch apatite
C / scratches gypsum
D / does not scratch fluorite
Mohs Scale
Mineral / Hardness
Talc / 1
Gypsum / 2
Calcite / 3
Fluorite / 4
Apatite / 5

Based on Kayla’s results, what is the hardness of galena?

A. / between 1 and 2
B. / between 2 and 4
C. / between 4 and 5
D. / greater than 5
  1. Minerals can be sorted based on their hardness. The Mohs scale lists the hardness of specific minerals. Which statement best describes this scale?

A. / No two minerals have the same hardness.
B. / Minerals with the same hardness are usually the same color.
C. / A mineral will only scratch another mineral if both have the same hardness.
D. / A mineral will only scratch another mineral if the mineral being scratched is softer.
  1. The mineral below can be scratched with your fingernail. It can also be broken into thin sheets, as shown in the drawing.

Which mineral is this?

A. / Diamond
B. / Gold
C. / Mica
D. / Quartz
  1. Paolo wants to identify a mineral. He rubs a corner of the mineral across a white tile and records the color of the mark. What property is Paolo measuring?

A. / Color
B. / Luster
C. / Streak
D. / cleavage
  1. When you strike a piece of quartz with a chisel, it breaks into uneven pieces, as shown below.

Which property of quartz is shown in the picture?

A. / Streak
B. / Luster
C. / cleavage
D. / fracture
  1. Scientists can manufacture diamonds from carbon by using heat and pressure. These diamonds can be used to cut rocks, but they are not classified as minerals. Which statement explains why?

A. / These diamonds are made of glass.
B. / These diamonds do not form in nature.
C. / These diamonds are very soft and crumbly.
D. / These diamonds don’t have a crystal structure.
  1. Terrell identified some minerals. He recorded his results in the table below.

Mineral / Hardness / Color / Cleavage
Gypsum / 2 / colorless, white / 3 directions
Galena / 2.5 / lead-gray / 3 directions
Mica / 2.5 to 3 / white, brown to black / 1 direction
Fluorite / 4 / colorless, purple / 4 directions
Olivine / 6.5 to 7 / green / none

What is one way that Terrell can sort the all of the minerals into two groups?

A. / those that are colorless and those that are hard
B. / those with cleavage and those without cleavage
C. / those that are colorless and those that are black or white
D. / those that are softer than gypsum and those that are harder than olivine
  1. Elena recorded her observations about some minerals in this data table.

Mineral / Streak / Other characteristics
Calcite / nonmetallic / white / reacts with acid
Magnetite / metallic / black / magnetic
Quartz / glassy / none / breaks along uneven planes

Elena forgot to label the second column. What should the label be?

A. / Breakage
B. / Crystal shape
C. / Hardness
D. / Luster
  1. Minerals are classified according to their physical properties. Which group of words describes all minerals?

A. / natural, solid, nonliving
B. / metallic luster, fracture, streak
C. / liquid, natural, made of elements
D. / hardness, crystal shape, nonmetallic luster
  1. Some minerals have special properties. Which of these minerals can conduct electricity?

A. / Calcite
B. / Feldspar
C. / Talc
D. / quartz
  1. A mineral’s properties make it useful in different ways. Which of these minerals do you think is used to make baby powder?

A. / Quartz
B. / Talc
C. / Diamond
D. / Topaz
  1. Tallulah’s aunt gave her a pearl ring. Tallulah discovered that certain oysters produce pearls in their shells. Why aren’t pearls considered minerals?

A. / Minerals are not solids.
B. / Minerals do not form in nature.
C. / Minerals form only square crystals.
D. / Minerals are not made by living things.
  1. Tyrone was given four minerals. To test mineral hardness, he tried to scratch each mineral with his fingernail, a copper penny, and a steel nail. His results are shown in the table.

Mineral / Fingernail / Copper penny / Steel nail
Calcite / no / Yes / yes
Fluorite / no / No / yes
Gypsum / yes / Yes / yes
Quartz / no / No / no

Of the minerals Tyrone tested, which is the hardest?

A. / calcite
B. / fluorite
C. / gypsum
D. / Quartz
  1. Jonas has two mineral samples. He tests several properties of the minerals. The results are shown below.

Property / Sample 1 / Sample 2
Hardness / 6 / 6
Color / brown gray / brown gray
Streak / black / red
Mass / 2.4 g / 3.9 g
Luster / dull / dull

Jonas concludes that the two samples are the same mineral. Is his conclusion supported by his data?

A. / no, because the streak colors are different
B. / yes, because the samples have the same luster
C. / yes, because the samples have the same hardness
D. / no, because one sample has more mass than the other
  1. Bethany and Ian observe two chunks of quartz. Bethany’s piece is colorless. Ian’s piece is light pink. What do the two pieces of quartz not have in common?

A. / Color
B. / Luster
C. / Streak
D. / Hardness
  1. Jorge observes a sample of the mineral galena. He describes the mineral as cubic, gray, metallic, and opaque. Which term describes galena’s luster?

A. / Cubic
B. / Gray
C. / Metallic
D. / Opaque
  1. A group of students was given four unknown mineral samples. The table below shows the observations they recorded.

Sample / Color / Streak
1 / brown / red
2 / red / red
3 / brown / black
4 / red / red

Which samples are most likely from the same mineral?

A. / 1 and 2 only
B. / 1 and 3 only
C. / 1, 2, and 3
D. / 1, 2, and 4
  1. A steel nail can scratch a certain mineral. A copper penny cannot scratch the same mineral. Which statement is true about the mineral?

A. / It is softer than both copper and steel.
B. / It is harder than both copper and steel.
C. / It is harder than steel, but softer than copper.
D. / It is harder than copper, but softer than steel.
  1. In science class, Chantal finds that a steel nail, which has a hardness of 6.5, cannot scratch the mineral emerald. Based on this observation, what can she conclude?

A. / Emerald has a hardness of 6.
B. / Emerald has a hardness of 7.
C. / Emerald has a hardness of less than 6.5.
D. / Emerald has a hardness of more than 6.5.
  1. Franco is testing some mineral properties. The results of his test are shown in the picture.

Which property is Franco testing?

A. / Luster
B. / Streak
C. / Cleavage
D. / Hardness
  1. When you strike a piece of quartz with a chisel, it breaks into uneven pieces, as shown below.

Which property of quartz is shown in the picture?

A. / Streak
B. / Luster
C. / Cleavage
D. / Fracture
  1. Manuel labels a sample of quartz as “nonmetallic.” Which mineral property is Manuel describing?

A. / Cleavage
B. / Fracture
C. / Luster
D. / Streak
  1. Mae wants to sort some minerals based on their properties. Which property can she observe without using tools?

A. / Hardness
B. / Luster
C. / Mass
D. / Streak
  1. Kenji wants to test the streak of some mineral samples. Which of these should she use?

A. /
B. /
C. /
D. /
  1. .Joanie brought home several different kinds of seashells from the beach. Which one is a fossil?

A. / a clam that died on the way home
B. / a rock with an imprint of a seashell
C. / a clump of seashells stuck together
D. / two seashell halves that fit together
  1. Steve was studying fossil fuels. He learned that a common type of fossil fuel forms from dead plants. What type of fuel is it?

A. / Oil
B. / Coal
C. / gasoline
D. / natural gas
  1. Oil and natural gas are two types of fossil fuel that are used to heat homes. What did oil and natural gas form from?

A. / Sediment
B. / dead plants
C. / dead ocean fish
D. / tiny marine animals
  1. What is a scientist who studies fossils called?

A. / a biologist
B. / a botanist
C. / a paleontologist
D. / a physicist
  1. Fish live in many different environments such as lakes, ponds, and oceans. Which is one feature in fish that has changed over time?

A. / Scales
B. / Bones
C. / Eyes
D. / Jaws
  1. Kyle found a rock and used a hammer to it split open. One half of the rock had a raised shape of a shell. The other half had an impression of the shell. What type of fossil did Kyle find?

A. / a shell preserved in amber
B. / a mold and a cast of a shell
C. / a shell frozen in rock
D. / a trace fossil of a seashell
  1. Look at this figure.

The Green River Formation in Wyoming, is made of layers of rock that contain fabulous fish fossils. The figure above shows the type of fossils that are found in these rocks. What most likely occurred to allow the fish to be preserved so well?

A. / Animals ate the fish so the bones were clean and ready to turn to fossils.
B. / The fish got buried in sediment.
C. / The fish got moved along until it landed in a safe quiet place.
D. / Temperature and pressure increased until conditions were right to form fossils.
  1. Oil and natural gas are fossil fuels that are used to power cars and buses. What is oil formed from?

A. / shells of tiny sea organisms
B. / stalks and leaves of sea plants
C. / shells and bodies of sea organisms
D. / hydrogen and carbon from sea organisms
  1. Some coal is produces a lot of heat and little pollution. What makes this kind of coal form?

A. / a lot of plant material
B. / certain kinds of plants
C. / high temperature and pressure
D. / fast burial once the plant dies

Plants and animals become fossilized in several different ways. Which object fossilized most recently?

A. / A
B. / B
C. / C
D. / D
  1. _Scientists on an expedition to Alaska have just found a woolly mammoth frozen in the ice. What parts of its body will most likely have been preserved?

A. / bones and teeth
B. / bones, teeth, skin, and hair
C. / only the internal organs
D. / the whole animal
  1. How long does it take oil and natural gas to form?

A. / 10 years
B. / 100s of years
C. / 1,000,000s of years
D. / 1,000,000,000s of years
  1. Josleen divided some of the planets into two main groups. The table below shows how she grouped them.

Group 1 / Group 2
Mercury / Saturn
Mars / Uranus
Venus / Jupiter

Which two categories did Josleenmost likely use to group the planets?

A. / planets and dwarf planets
B. / with moons and without moons
C. / orbit the sun and orbit other bodies
D. / small diameters and large diameters
  1. It is difficult to see the surface of Venus through a telescope. Which of these features of Venus best explains why its surface is difficult to observe from Earth?

A. / It is surrounded by thick clouds.
B. / It is covered completely by water.
C. / It is too far from Earth to be seen.
D. / It does not produce light of its own.
  1. While looking at the sky one night, Bevan saw a streak of light. Bevan’s father told him that the light was produced by a small chunk of rock passing through Earth’s atmosphere. Which of these terms best describes what Bevan saw?

A. / Asteroid
B. / Comet
C. / Meteor
D. / Meteorite
  1. The picture below shows a feature known as the Great Dark Spot.

Which of these planets is shown in the picture?

A. / Jupiter
B. / Neptune
C. / Saturn
D. / Uranus
  1. A meteoroid is a chunk of rock traveling through the solar system. How is a meteorite related to a meteoroid?

A. / A meteorite is a meteoroid that enters Earth’s atmosphere.
B. / A meteorite is a meteoroid that has broken into smaller pieces.
C. / A meteorite is a meteoroid that is larger in size than an asteroid.
D. / A meteorite is a meteoroid that reaches the surface of Earth.
  1. The diagram below shows a planet and the sun.

What does the arrow on the diagram show?