Name ______
Science EOG Study Guide Review Packet
8th Grade Science EOG is on Wednesday May 29, 2014
This packet will be separated into 9 different homework assignments. Please remember that 3 late or missing assignments will result in after school detention.
In order to receive credit for any of the 9 EOG Assignments, you must complete the following:
- label each unit with the proper unit number
- Create flashcards either online or on notebook
- number and answer all questions in Cornell Notes form
- complete 100% of each unit – blanks will not be accepted
Unit 1 – Introduction to ScienceDue ______
Helpful resources: Coach Lessons1-4
Vocabulary
1.scientific theory, 2.scientific law, 3.independent variable, 4.dependent variable, 5.volume, 6.mass, 7.density, 8.constant
Questions
1. What unit and device is used to measure each of the following?
- length, mass, density, volume, time, temperature
Units 2A, 2B, 2C – ChemistryDue ______
Helpful resources: Coach Lessons 25-34, Chemistry of Matter book, Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1.evaporation, 2.boiling, 3.condensation, 4.freezing, 5.melting, 6.precipitate, 7.physical change, 8.chemical change, 9.solubility, 10.solute, 11.solvent, 12.saturated, 13.unsaturated, 14.supersaturated, 15.homogeneous mixture, 16.heterogeneous mixture, 17.solution, 18.atom, 19.periodic table, 20.group/family, 21.metals, 22.non-metals, 23. metalloid, 24.valence electron, 25.malleability, 26.ductility, 27.specific heat, 28.magnetism, 29.conductor, 30.law of conservation of mass, 31.product, 32.reactant, 33.chemistry, 34.element, 35.compound, 36.pure substance
Questions
1. Describe the shape and volume (constant or variable) for each of the three states of matter.
2. What happens to the molecules of water as it heats up?
3. Give one example of a physical change and one example of a chemical change.
4. Give an example of both a solvent and a solute.
5. In which kind of mixture can you see the different parts?
6. Give one example of each of the different kinds of mixtures.
7. What is the name of the mixture that has particles too small to see, but big enough to block light?
8. How do you know how many protons, neutrons and electrons are in each atom?
9. Describe the electrical charge for each subatomic particle.
10. Draw a model of one atom of Boron and label the protons, neutrons and electrons.
11. How many electrons can fit in the first ring or shell? Second ring or shell? Third ring or shell?
12. Calculate the number protons, neutrons and electrons for the following atoms;
- Iron, Tin, Neon, Mercury, Cobalt, Copper, Silver
13. Which types of elements are used as conductors?
14. Most elements exist in which state of matter?
15. Which two groups on the periodic table are the most reactive?
16. How can you tell a chemical reaction or change has taken place?
17. How does a chemical equation demonstrate the law of conservation of mass?
Unit 3 – Properties of Freshwater, Water QualityDue ______
Helpful resources: Coach Lessons16, 17, 21-24 Textbook Chapters 2 & 3, Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1.condensation, 2.precipitation, 3.water cycle, 4. evaporation, 5.permeable, 6.impermeable, 7.aquifer, 8.erosion, 9.drainage basin/watershed/river basin, 10.runoff, 11.turbidity, 12.secchi disk, 13.pH, 14.dissolved oxygen, 15.nitrates, 16.bioindicators, 17.water hardness, 18.acid, 19.base, 20.point source pollution, 21.non-point source pollution, 22.polarity, 23.universal solvent, 24.adhesion, 25.cohesion, 26.surface tension, 27.specific heat
Questions
1. Draw the water cycle and label it using the following terms
- Evaporation, precipitation, condensation
2. Where is most of the earth’s water located?
3. What percentage of water is found in the oceans?
4. Of the fresh water in the world, where is the most located?
5. Why should we be worried about water for the future of the human population?
6. What drainage basin/watershed do we live in?
7. What determines which drainage basin/watershed a person lives in?
8. Why is groundwater often cleaner than surface water?
9. What does the Clean Water Act do for our drinking water?
10. What is environmental stewardship?
11. List 4 pollutants that could be found in road runoff.
12. What is the relationship between dissolved oxygen and temperature?
13. How can we use bio-indicators to tell if water is healthy?
14. Why don’t oil and water mix?
15. What determines if an object will sink or float in water?
Unit 4 – OceansDue ______
Helpful resources: Coach Lessons 18-20 Textbook Chapters 2 & 4, Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1. food web, 2.trench, 3.mid-ocean ridge, 4.plankton, 5.nekton, 6.benthos, 7.estuary, 8.intertidal zone, 9.neritic zone, 10.open-ocean zone, 11.magma, 12.bioluminescence , 13.sea-floor spreading, 14.SONAR, 15.upwelling, 16.brackish water, 17.salinity
Questions
1. In which vertical ocean zone will you find the following?
- Highest pressure? Highest density? Highest temperature?
2. Draw a sketch of the ocean floor and label the following
- Continental shelf, continental slope, abyssal plain, mid-ocean ridge, trench
3. Draw a food web and correctly label the following animals: duck, benthos, fish, polar bear.
4. Describe what happens when two tectonic plates converge.
5. Describe what happens when two tectonic plates diverge.
6. How is upwelling important for humans and marine life?
7. What are three conditions that intertidal zone organisms must withstand?
8. Why do most organisms live in the neritic zone?
Unit 5 – Energy ResourcesDue ______
Helpful resources: Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1. energy, 2.renewable resource, 3.nonrenewable resource, 4.fossil fuels, 5.biofuels, 6.solar power, 7.geothermal power, 8.wind power, 9.hydroelectric power, 10.nuclear power, 11.greenhouse effect, 12.energy conservation
Questions
1. Which type of energy source creates the most pollution?
2. What is a disadvantage to all renewable resources?
3. What are three disadvantages to using nonrenewable resources?
4. How will building a hydroelectric power plant affect the environment?
5. How does mining for coal affect the environment?
6. What gas is released into the air from burning fossil fuels?
7. Why will we need to use more renewable resources in the future?
8. What are two disadvantages to drilling for oil in the ocean?
9. What is a disadvantage to using nuclear power?
10. What effect does excess carbon dioxide have on the environment?
Unit 6 – EcologyDue ______
Helpful resources: Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1. ecosystem, 2.biotic, 3.abiotic, 4.symbiosis, 5.mutualism, 6.commensalism, 7.parasitism, 8.cooperation, 9.competition, 10.predator, 11.prey, 12.carrying capacity, 13.energy pyramid, 14.primary consumer, 15.secondary consumer, 16.decomposer, 17.scavenger, 18.carnivore, 19.herbivore, 20.omnivore, 21.heterotroph, 22.autotroph
Questions
1. Describe how carbon and oxygen are used during photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
2. Where on the energy pyramid will you find the following?
- highest energy, highest number of organisms, producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, autotrophs, heterotrophs
3. How does energy from a top level consumer get recycled back into the pyramid?
4. Why are energy pyramids shaped like pyramids?
5. If space becomes limited, describe three things could result.
6. Which organisms require the most energy to survive? (producers, primary or secondary consumers)
7. How is nitrogen used in plants and animals?
8. Where do producers get their energy needed to grow?
Unit 7 – MicrobiologyDue ______Helpful resources: Coach Lessons 46-50 Textbook Chapters 11 & 12, Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1. microbiology, 2.unicellular, 3.prokaryote, 4.eukaryote, 5.antibiotic, 6.antibiotic resistance, 7.vaccine, 8.parasite, 9.pathogen, 10.carrier, 11.vector, 12.infectious disease, 13.noninfectious disease, 14.epidemic, 15.pandemic, 16.sanitation, 17.quarantine
Questions
1. What are three differences between viruses and bacteria?
2. How can fungi reproduce using spores?
3. What are the four main protists and how does each of them move?
4. Describe how viruses multiply.
5. Describe how bacteria reproduce asexually.
6. Why don’t antibiotics affect viruses?
7. Why can viruses only affect certain cells in your body?
8. What do vaccines do for your body’s immune system?
9. Why should you get a flu vaccine every year?
10. What are three ways to get an infectious disease?
11. What is malaria caused by?
Unit 8 – Molecular BiologyDue ______
Helpful resources: Textbook Chapter 9, Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1.obesity, 2.protein, 3.lipid, 4.carbohydrate, 5.heart disease, 6.diabetes, 7.nucleic acid, 8.biotechnology, 9.genetic engineering,
Questions
1. What do carbohydrates provide for your body?
2. What do lipids provide for your body?
3. What does protein do for your body?
4. Describe a healthy meal you might eat for lunch.
5. Which of the three organic compounds should you limit the most?
6. What could result if you consume too much fat?
7. What could result if you consume too much sugar?
8. How could smoking affect a healthy lifestyle?
9. Give an example of how modifying DNA of a crop could benefit humans.
10. What are two ethical problems that arise from genetic engineering?
11. What are two careers that involve biotechnology?
Unit 9 – Earth History and EvolutionDue ______
Helpful resources: Coach Lessons 35-39, Textbook Chapters 6-8, Unit Packet
Vocabulary
1.fossil, 2.relative age, 3.absolute age, 4.law of superposition, 5.index fossil, 6.radioactive decay, 7.geologic time scale, 8.extinct, 9.intrusion, 10.fault, 11.unconformity, 12.Pangaea, 13.mechanical weathering, 14.chemical weathering, 15.continental drift, 16.evolution, 17.natural selection, 18.genetics, 19.adaptation, 20.variation, 21. anatomy, 22.uniformitarianism
Questions
1. Explain how fossils form.
2. What are the different types of fossils?
3. How can you tell the relative ages of rock layers?
4. What are index fossils used for?
5. What is radioactive decay used for?
6. Explain how an object from space is believed to be the cause of the dinosaur mass extinction.
7. What do intrusions tell about the relative age of rocks around it?
8. Why doesn’t Pangaea exist today?
9. What information can we get from ice cores?
10. Explain how marine fossils could found on top of mountains.
11. Why don’t fossils form in igneous rocks?
12. How do scientists know when organisms are related?
13. What information can we get from earthquakes?
14. How does genetic variation affect extinct rates?
15. What causes most organisms to go extinct?
16. What can radioactive Carbon-14 be used for?