Use Cases
Demand Response Data Collection
[Product ID #]
Draft Report, June 2008
Insert Appropriate Project Manager Auto Text for EPRI, EPRICSG, or EPRIGEN
Type first initial and last name here
Insert Correct Auto Text for EPRI, EPRICSG, or EPRIGEN Address Here
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES
THIS DOCUMENT WAS PREPARED BY THE ORGANIZATION(S) NAMED BELOW AS AN ACCOUNT OF WORK SPONSORED OR COSPONSORED BY THE ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC. (EPRI). NEITHER EPRI, ANY MEMBER OF EPRI, ANY COSPONSOR, THE ORGANIZATION(S) BELOW, NOR ANY PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF ANY OF THEM:
(A) MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION WHATSOEVER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, (I) WITH RESPECT TO THE USE OF ANY INFORMATION, APPARATUS, METHOD, PROCESS, OR SIMILAR ITEM DISCLOSED IN THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR (II) THAT SUCH USE DOES NOT INFRINGE ON OR INTERFERE WITH PRIVATELY OWNED RIGHTS, INCLUDING ANY PARTY'S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OR (III) THAT THIS DOCUMENT IS SUITABLE TO ANY PARTICULAR USER'S CIRCUMSTANCE; OR
(B) ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING ANY CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF EPRI OR ANY EPRI REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES) RESULTING FROM YOUR SELECTION OR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION, APPARATUS, METHOD, PROCESS, OR SIMILAR ITEM DISCLOSED IN THIS DOCUMENT.
ORGANIZATION(S) THAT PREPARED THIS DOCUMENT
EPRI
Independent System Operator Ontario
NOTE
For further information about EPRI, call the EPRI Customer Assistance Center at 800.313.3774 or
e-mail .
Electric Power Research Institute, EPRI, and TOGETHER…SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ELECTRICITY are registered service marks of the Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.
Copyright © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
xxiii
Citations
This report was prepared by
EPRI
3420 Hillview Avenue
Palo Alto, CA, 94304
Principal Investigator
R. Entriken
IESO Ontario
Independent Electricity System Operator
Station A, Box 4474
Toronto, ON
Canada
Principal Investigator
M. Tobala
This report describes research sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI).<and list name(s) of other organization(s) as appropriate>.
This publication is a corporate document that should be cited in the literature in the following manner:
Use Cases: Demand Response Data Collection. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA : 2008 <Product ID Number>.
xxiii
product description
Write a brief description of the report and covered topics. Include some basic background information. Define the success factors, forecasting, and strategic alliances. Note the state of the market (competitive, regulated, fragmented).
Results and Findings
Tell the customer the answers and the immediate benefits they gain from the new information presented in the report. Include quantitative benefits (these should be measurable), and the values that are important to the client.
Challenges and Objectives
Describe the type of person who should read this report. In the description, include the type of business that this report impacts. Describe how this report could help a customer’s bottom line. List the reasons why they should continue to fund this work. List the players that you expect to drive this project. Emphasize the importance of this report to the customer. The project manager might need to tailor this section to the different market segments.
Applications, Values, and Use
Describe any possible future developments, potential upcoming changes, other business segments, and downstream applications. How do you see this market evolving?
EPRI Perspective
What separates us from the rest? What makes this report special and unique? What do we offer that the competition does not? If there is no competition, state that we’re unique, or why there is no competition.
Approach
What were the goals of the report? How were they reached? Use academic information.
Keywords
List the keywords here.
xxiii
Insert Appropriate Auto Text License Entry. If license is copyright, please delete
Abstract
Abstracts are optional. Limit text to one page in length. Apply EPRI Normal Style.
To delete this section, highlight the word “Abstract” through and including the section break below and hit the Delete key.
xxiii
Insert Appropriate Auto Text License Entry. If license is copyright, please delete
Additional Front Matter Section(s)
To create additional Front Matter sections such as this, place the cursor to the left of the paragraph mark at the beginning of the previous Section Break format marker, select Insert Break, choose Section Break Types Odd Page.
Type the desired Front Matter Section Title and hit Return twice. Highlight the Front Matter Section Title and apply EPRI Section Title Style.
Place the cursor to the left of the second paragraph mark, begin typing text, then apply EPRI Normal Style to the text.
Subheading (apply EPRI Subheadings Style)
Any subheadings created in Front Matter Sections (other than the Report Summary) must be styled with EPRI Subheadings Style.
To delete this section, highlight the Section Title through and including the section break below and hit the Delete key.
xxiii
Insert Appropriate Auto Text License Entry. If license is copyright, please delete
Contents
1 Introduction 1-1
Key Measurements 1-1
Adequacy 1-1
Security 1-2
Acceptable Level of Reliability 1-2
Reporting 1-2
LTRA 1-2
Summer Assessment 1-3
Ad Hoc 1-3
Data Collection 1-3
GADS 1-3
TADS 1-3
DRDTF Efforts 1-3
Issues 1-3
Demand Response Performance 1-3
Consistency Across Regions 1-3
2 USE CASE: Long-Term Resource adequacy 2-1
Reporting 2-1
Schedule 2-1
Key Measurements 2-1
Capacity Margin 2-1
Available Capacity Margin 2-2
Potential Capacity Margin 2-2
Committed Capacity Margin 2-2
Uncommitted Capacity Margin 2-2
Net Internal Demand 2-3
Net Capacity Resources 2-3
Data Collection 2-3
Demand Response Data 2-3
Generation Data 2-4
Margin Data 2-5
Data Processing 2-5
Margin Calculations 2-5
Issues 2-5
Data Requirements 2-6
3 USE CASE: Summer Assessment 3-1
Key Measurements 3-1
Data Processing 3-1
Reporting 3-1
Issues 3-1
Data Requirements 3-1
4 USE CASE: Conditional Performance 4-1
Key Measurements 4-1
Data Processing 4-1
Reporting 4-1
Issues 4-1
Data Requirements 4-1
Creating Additional Chapters 4-2
A Appendix A-1
xxiii
Insert Appropriate Auto Text License Entry. If license is copyright, please delete
List of Figures
Figure 11 First Figure Caption 4-2
Figure A1 First Appendix Figure Caption A-1
xxiii
Insert Appropriate Auto Text License Entry. If license is copyright, please delete
List of Tables
Table 11 First Table Caption 4-2
Table A1 First Appendix Table Caption A-1
xxiii
NERC & EPRI Confidential
USE CASE: Long-Term Resource adequacy
2-5
NERC & EPRI Confidential
USE CASE: Long-Term Resource adequacy
1 Introduction
Given the current growth of demand response as a resource in support of system reliability and the continued expectation of DR becoming even larger and more prevalent, NERC has concluded that it is imperative to gain greater insight on this phenomenon through further investigation. With regional quantities approaching gigawatts, DR is of a size where its dependability and scheduling make a significant difference in planning and operations.
Key question is how does DR perform under different conditions.
Worked on performance measures with Bernie. Additional data is needed to answer questions about performance under different conditions.
Conditions are weather, frequency, duration, time of day, day of week, season
Need to know data requirements for each use case. Having this we can balance the cost of data collection with the value of the reporting.
Key Measurements
This section sets the context for the DRDTF Use Cases, by identifying key concepts at NERC for what constitutes Reliability and an Acceptable Level of Reliability (ALR). NERC has two key measurements for assessing system reliability: Adequacy and Security. These measures are described in more detail in the following subsections. A third subsection describes ALR.
Adequacy
Adequacy — The ability of the bulk power system to supply the aggregate electrical demand and energy requirements of the customers at all times, taking into account scheduled and reasonably expected unscheduled outages of system elements.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Security
Security — The ability of the bulk power system to withstand sudden disturbances such as electric short circuits or unanticipated loss of system elements from creditable contingencies.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Acceptable Level of Reliability
The Characteristics of a System with an Acceptable Level Reliability
- The System is controlled to stay within acceptable limits during normal conditions.
- The System performs acceptably after credible Contingencies.
- The System limits the impact and scope of instability and cascading outages when they occur.
- The System’s Facilities are protected from unacceptable damage by operating them within Facility Ratings.
- The System’s integrity can be restored promptly if it is lost.
- The System has the ability to supply the aggregate electric power and energy requirements of the electricity consumers at all times, taking into account scheduled and reasonably expected unscheduled outages of system components.
Source: Definition of “Adequate Level of Reliability,” Western Interconnection Reliability Advisory Board, March 3, 2008.
http://www.westgov.org/wirab/ALRpresent.ppt
Reporting
This section describes the major reporting functions of NERC in order to define the end use of demand response data. There are three major reliability reports: the Long-Term Reliability Assessment Report (LTRA), the Summer Assessment Report, and the Winter Assessment Report. We describe in more detail the LTRA and the Summer Assessment, since the Winter Assessment is in its definition and creation very similar to the Summer Assessment. We also describe Ad Hoc reporting, which can be useful both regionally and system-wide.
LTRA
Summer Assessment
Ad Hoc
Data Collection
This section describes the existing NERC data collection activities in support of the major reports. NERC collects data from industry regarding equipment availability. Two reporting functions are now established, one for generation and one for transmission. The DRDTF is working on the definition of a third reporting function for Demand Response.
GADS
TADS
DRDTF Efforts
Issues
This section describes important issues raised in recent NERC reports. The reason for recognizing these issues in the context of Use Cases is to understand what could be future needs. The formation of the DRDTF is, as an example, a response to a perceived long-term need to better characterize and reveal the capabilities of demand response acting in support of system reliability.
Demand Response Performance
Consistency Across Regions
2-5
NERC & EPRI Confidential
USE CASE: Long-Term Resource adequacy
2 USE CASE: Long-Term Resource adequacy
NERC publishes each year a report on Long-Term Resource Adequacy (LTRA). It utilizes forecasts of supply and demand, looking forward over a decade, to forecast future system reliability and to raise issues regarding a continued business-as-usual strategy. Important long-term issues can lead to the way that NERC assesses reliability.
Demand response (DR) is expected to grow as a resource in support of reliability, and this Use Case documents the kind of data collected presently for generation resources and describes how demand response is the same and how it is different from generation. By this means, demand response data analogous to that collected for generation can contribute to improved LTRA reporting.
Reporting
This section describes the LTRA report, how it is created, and how its content contributes to reliability assessment.
Schedule
The LTRA reporting cycle begins in March when each of the each of the eight regional entities submits information. A peer review process is used to validate each regional report, along with a line of approvals through NERC committees leading to the Board of Trustees. The final version of the report, published in October, also includes issues raised during a public workshop, which provides further review.
The main
Key Measurements
Capacity Margin
Capacity Margin — Capacity that could be available to cover random factors such as forced outages of generating equipment, demand forecast errors, weather extremes, and capacity service schedule slippage.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Available Capacity Margin
Available Capacity Margin — The difference between committed capacity resources and peak demand, expressed as a percentage of capacity resources.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Potential Capacity Margin
Potential Capacity Margin — The difference between committed plus uncommitted capacity resources and peak demand, expressed as a percentage of capacity resources. This is the capacity that could be available to cover random factors such as forced outages of generating equipment, demand forecast errors, weather extremes, and capacity service schedule slippage.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Committed Capacity Margin
Committed Capacity Resources — Generating capacity resources that exist, under construction, or planned that are considered available, deliverable, and committed to serve demand, plus the net of capacity purchases and sales.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Uncommitted Capacity Margin
Uncommitted Capacity Resources — Capacity resources that include one or more of the following:
· Generating resources that have not been contracted nor have legal or regulatory obligation to deliver at time of peak.
· Generating resources that do not have or do not plan to have firm transmission service reserved (or its equivalent) or capacity injection rights to deliver the expected output to load within the region.
· Generating resources that have not had a transmission study conducted to determine the level of deliverability.
· Generating resources that are designated as energy-only resources or have elected to be classified as energy-only resources.
· Transmission-constrained generating resources that have known physical deliverability limitations to load within the region.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Net Internal Demand
Net Internal Demand — Projected total internal demand less interruptible demand and direct control demand-side management. The regions are not expected to reach their peak demand simultaneously. Demand served under liquidated damages contracts is included.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Net Capacity Resources
Net Capacity Resources — Net generating capacity resources (existing, under construction, or planned) considered available (net operable), deliverable, and committed to serve demand, plus the net of capacity purchases and sales.
Source: NERC 2007 Long-Term Resource Adequacy Assessment
Data Collection