Safety Notice: Due to the nature of this experiment, there exists numerous warnings you must be aware of, and follow procedures to prevent injury. You agree by signing this form that:
1. I will follow all procedures during the States of Matter Lab today, and if it is offered, in the future. 2. I will use only approved tools to handle dry ice. 3. I shall wear eye protection when working with dry ice. 4. I shall not touch dry ice with my bare hands. 5. I shall not breath in dry ice vapors. 6. I shall not consume any product of the experiment. 7. I shall dispose of all materials properly.
Signature and date:______
Observation: This lab is to allow student to observe the physical properties of water in 3 states, and carbon dioxide in two forms.
Research: Dry Ice is frozen carbon dioxide, a normal part of our earth's atmosphere. It is the gas that we exhale during breathing and the gas that plants use in photosynthesis. It is also the same gas commonly added to water to make soda water. Dry Ice is particularly useful for freezing, and keeping things frozen because of its very cold temperature: -109.3°F or -78.5°C. Dry Ice is widely used because it is simple to freeze and easy to handle using insulated gloves. Dry Ice changes directly from a solid to a gas -sublimation- in normal atmospheric conditions without going through a wet liquid stage. Therefore it gets the name "dry ice."
As a general rule, Dry Ice will sublimate at a rate of five to ten pounds every 24 hours in a typical ice chest. This sublimation continues from the time of purchase; therefore, pick up Dry Ice as close to the time needed as possible. Bring an ice chest or some other insulated container to hold the Dry Ice and slow the sublimation rate. Dry Ice sublimates faster than regular ice melts but will extend the life of regular ice.
It is best not to store Dry Ice in your freezer because your freezer's thermostat will shut off the freezer due to the extreme cold of the Dry Ice! Of course if the freezer is broken, Dry Ice will save all your frozen goods.
Commercial shippers of perishables often use dry ice even for non frozen goods. Dry ice gives more than twice the cooling energy per pound of weight and three times the cooling energy per volume than regular water ice (H2O). It is often mixed with regular ice to save shipping weight and extend the cooling energy of water ice. Sometimes dry ice is made on the spot from liquid CO2. The resulting dry ice snow is packed in the top of a shipping container offering extended cooling without electrical refrigeration equipment and connections. From
Lab Operation:
Materials: beaker, tongs, Bunsen burner, ring stand, ring, wire gauze, lighter, dry ice, water, ice, dish soap, balloon, bottle, bag.
Procedures: 1. Observe ice and dry ice on dry surface; 2. Place ice and dry ice into cups of water, observe. 3. Place ice pieces into bottle, add water, place balloon over opening, observe. 4. Place ice and dry ice into cups of water with 4 drops of dish soap added, observe. 5. Place ice into beaker, and heat till ice is melted, collect vapor, condense and observe. 6. Place dry ice into beaker and heat till dry ice is melted, collect vapor, pour into balance bags and observe.
Basic data collection: 1. Observations, 2. Draw representative sketch 3. write down observations
Record the properties of each step in procedures.
Dry surfaceObservations
Ice
Dry
Ice
Ice
+
Dry ice +
Add soap
ice
Dry Ice
Heat till melted and collect vapors - pour vapor into balance.
Ice
Dry Ice
Conclusions: