2003 Chicago Open
Round 8 – Tossups
1. Darcy’s law states that the flow rate in them is proportional to the permeability. The most sustainable ones are the riparian type, present in unconsolidated deposits of sand and gravel along river corridors. The Ogallala formation in the Great Plains contains fossil water from the time of the last glaciation. They are bounded above by the water table, and confined ones exhibit artesian flow. FTP, name these water-bearing permeable layers.
Answer: aquifers
2. The decisive moment of this battle was the afternoon return of forces under Alatheus and Syphax, which led to a crushing cavalry charge. The subsequent fighting space was so tight that Ammianus Marcellinus notes that soldiers could not even draw their swords. Against the starvation strategy advocated by his general Sebastiani, the foolish loser of the battle attacked, as he was jealous of victories by his nephew Gratian. But Fritigern and his Ostrogoths proved more than up to the task. FTP, name this crushing defeat for Roman forces under Emperor Valens in AD 378.
Answer: Adrianople
3. He is able to escape some robbers and the authorities through a window due to a note thrown through a hole in the wall. On his deathbed he bequeaths silver candlesticks to his adoptive daughter and says with his last breath that he tried to be worthy of the faith of the Bishop of Digne. He is recognized due to his strength while masquerading as Father Madeleine, and that strength later helps him save Marius, who loves his adoptive daughter Cosette. FTP, name this character who is constantly chased by Javert, the protagonist of Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables.
Answer: Jean Valjean (prompt on first name)
4. He primarily worked with producer Shondrae on his first solo album, though he had already guested on Timbaland’s Tim’s Bio album, on the original version of “Fat Rabbit.” That first album, titled Incognegro, was followed by the more successful Back for the First Time, which feature the hit single “What’s Your Fantasy?” Since then, he has become ubiquitous with such hits as “Rollout” and “Area Codes” and with guest raps on other hits like Missy Elliot’s “One Minute Man.” FTP, name this rapper whose trademark style is to slur his words, and who drew from his Atlanta upbringing for his biggest hit “Southern Hospitality.”
Answer: Ludacris
5. This language was originally developed to produce reports from B-news articles, and greatly enhanced by the addition of Henry Spencer’s regular expression package in its 1.0 release in 1987. Most operators default to performing their operation on the default variable, $_ (dollar sign-underscore). There are five types of variables: typeglobs, filehandles, scalars, arrays, and hashes. Developed by Larry Wall, FTP, what is this computer language whose source files often have a .pl extension?
Answer: Perl or Practical Extraction and Report Language
6. After polling more than 74,000 votes in its fourth congressional election, this party nominated John Parker Hale as its presidential candidate, though Hale withdrew his nomination later that year. It was initially formed in a convention in Warsaw due to disagreements with more radical leaders like the Tappan brothers and Theodore Weld. Among its founding members were John Greenleaf Whittier and its first presidential candidate James G. Birney. FTP, identify this American political party founded in 1839 on an Anti-Slavery platform as its name would indicate.
Answer: Liberty Party
7. It ends by mentioning “Words of the fragrant portals, dimly-starred, / And of ourselves and our origins , / In ghostlier demarcations, keener sounds.” The poet said of the sole name mentioned in the poem that he had just randomly combined two Spanish, without conscious reference to a the French literary critic and essayist, Ramon Fernandez. It tells of a female singer who, by singing, creates her world – “She was the single artificer of the world / in which she sang.” FTP, name this poem that begins “She sang beyond the genius of the sea,” a work by Wallace Stevens.
Answer: “The Idea of Order at Key West”
8. The term “functional music” was created for an opera of his, and shortly thereafter he became associated with the Zeitkunst movement for his controversial opera News of the Day. Other major works include The Long Christmas Dinner and The Harmony of the World, both composed after he came to teach at Yale. However, his two greatest works, including the opera Cardillac, were introduced in his native country. FTP, name this German composer, whose major composition is his opera on the life of Grunewald, Mathis der Maler.
Answer: Paul Hindemith
9. Near the end the author notes that people commonly mistake pleasure to be a process after he has discounted Eudoxus’ advocacy of pleasure because all people and animals seek it. This recalls the seventh book, which notes that brutishness, vice, and hedonism are the three bad states of character. It begins by rejecting Plato’s discounting of sensory observations in his Theory of Forms and argues that the “good” can be defined as the end goal of any activity. FTP, name this work that determines that happiness is the goal of life, a work in ten books by Aristotle.
Answer: Nichomachean Ethics
10. Among the more frequently encountered species in this phylum are Arinicola, Nereis, and Cistenides. The approximately 8,600 species in it are grouped into three classes including hirudineans, oligochaetes, and polychaetes. Members’ bodies consists of an unsegmented terminal section, a head, and a trunk composed of metameres. FTP, name this phylum that includes leeches and earthworms.
Answer: annelids or annelida
11. He took a class on poetry from John Crowe Ransom during his time at Kenyon College, from which he graduated in 1948. After returning to his own country, he steadily rose in politics and in the early 1970s he antagonized the U.S. when he publicly called for Vietnam deserters to seek refuge in his country. In 1980 he acted as UN special envoy to mediate in the war between Iran and Iraq, and upon winning reelection he sought to go against his predecessor, Tage Erlander’s, platform and reinstate Socialist economic policies in his country. FTP, name this figure who was killed in a subway station in 1986 during his second stint as prime minister of Sweden.
Answer: Olof Palme
12. After poring over Apuleius’ Metamorhposes the title character of this novel turns to Heraclitus. He only finds true satisfaction in his association with a group that includes the widow Cecilia, to whom he is attracted. His sorrow in seeing his friend Flavian die is offset by the Christianity that Cornelius introduces him to. FTP, name this philosophical novel set during 2nd-century AD and written by Walter Pater.
Answer: Marius the Epicurean
13. In the background on the right a brown-clothed torso with bare legs is seen next to a goat. The center background depicts a couple of buildings elevated on a hill, but the focus is the four figures in the foreground. The chiaroscuro is heavy enough that the men’s faces are unclear, but we do see the seated male on the left dressed in shades of red, and holding a mandolin. Of the two women, both are naked and the one on the right faces away from us with a flute in her hand, while the one left gathers water with a pitcher from a well. FTP, name this pastoral scene attributed to either Titian or Giorgione, which was the inspiration for Manet’s Luncheon on the Grass.
Answer: Fete Champetre or Concert Champetre or Pastoral Symphony
14. Its Festival Center is the site of a biennial arts festival, its continent’s largest, that began in 1960. Colonel William Light designed and surveyed it in 1837 after choosing a favorable site near the Gulf Saint Vincent on the mouth of the Torrens River. Its founders paid deference to William IV, as it was named for his consort. FTP, name this capital and chief city of the state of South Australia.
Answer: Adelaide
15. Although it correctly predicts the non-field-dependent Hall effect, magnetoresistance, and thermopower, it cannot predict the specific heat of a metal as well as the Sommerfeld effect, since it incorrectly assumes a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution for the electrons. Resting on the assumption that a metal is composed of a sea of independent and free electrons with immobile positive nuclei, FTP, what is this simplest model of electrical conduction?
Answer: Drude model (prompt on early “Sommerfeld”)
16. It grew out of discontent over illegal immigration resulting in squatters who established their own coffee fincas and would then get into fights with local campesinos. The tensions increased with the arrest of Martinez Argueta, for which the opposition retaliated by arresting 61 individuals. Due to American intervention, specifically a visit by Lyndon Johnson, the prisoners were freed in Tegucigalpa, but this skirmish went full bore the next year. FTP, name this intermittent war fought from 1968 to 1969 between Honduras and El Salvador and which was catalyzed over a rivalry in the titular sport.
Answer: Soccer War or Futbol War
17. Among the women featured in this novel are Antoinette Duchamp, a wealthy Frenchwoman; the Stuwing serving girl, whose marriage to Gotthold creates some tension; and Tony, who is courted by Bendix Grunlich. By the end Gerda moves back to Amsterdam, Christian is still institutionalized, and Hanno has died of typhoid fever. Also the wheat and grain firm established by Johann in Lubeck has fallen on hard times. The events described take place over 40 years and chronicle four generations. FTP, name this Thomas Mann novel about the titular family.
Answer: Buddenbrooks
18. Its final chapter ends with a section titled “Social relativity is hope, not despair.” This work presents Paranoid, Apollonian, and Dionysisan emphases on the titular entity, and the author’s thesis is that said entity is an integrated whole, or a “personality writ large.” This work was atypical of its author’s writings in that it was based on other people’s research when released in 1934. It begins with a section on the “Science of Custom,” and then examines the Dohi, the Pueblos, and the Kwakiutl in detail. FTP, name this major work of Ruth Benedict.
Answer: Patterns of Culture
19. This scientist showed that the atomic weights of the elements in the molecules of a volatile compound can be calculated by applying Avogadro’s principle concerning gases, work which greatly influenced his colleague, Dmitry Mendeleev. This occurred after his discovery of the production of cyanamide. In addition, he discovered that the treatment of benzaldehyde with a concentrated alcoholic hydroxide produced equal amounts of benzyl alcohol and the salt of benzoic acid. FTP, identify this Italian chemist, best known for the preceding namesake organic chemistry reaction.
Answer:Stanislao Cannizzaro
20. This deity was humiliated by Loki, who tied his testicles to a goat for merriment, during a key ceremony for her. She was the daughter of the giant Thiassi, who struck a bargain in return for the payment of her father, who was murdered for stealing Idun’s apples. She was allowed to choose her husband just by looking at this feet, and thinking she was getting Balder, she chose someone else. FTP, name this Norse goddess who placed the venomous snake above Loki’s head during his imprisonment and who became the wife of the sea god Njord.
Answer: Skadi
2003 Chicago Open
Round 8 – Bonuses
1. Name these 20th-century novelists, who made no bones about their devout Catholicism, FTP each:
A. His early works include Danton, Robespierre, The Path to Rome, and collections of humorous verse like The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts and Cautionary Tales for Children.
Answer: Hilaire Belloc
B. Hilaire Belloc was a frequent collaborator with this author of The Man Who Was Thursday and creator of the detective Father Brown.
Answer: G.K. Chesterton [Gilbert Keith]
C. This Nobel laureate’s two major novels are A Kiss for the Leper and Therese.
Answer: Francois Mauriac
2. Name the planets where these features can be found:
A. For 5 points, Valles Marineris, Olympus Mons
Answer: Mars
B. For 5 points, The Great Red Spot
Answer: Jupiter
C. For 10 points, The Great White Spot
Answer: Saturn
D. For 10 points, Caloris Basin
Answer: Mercury
3. Name these men involved in East India companies, FTP each:
A. This Brit had already consolidated English power at Pondicherry by the time he had returned to win at Plassey in 1757.
Answer: Robert Clive
B. This nawab of Bengal is believed to have ordered the infamous imprisonment in the Black Hole of Calcutta and would have easily defeated Robert Clive at Plassey had he not been betrayed by his uncle Mir Jaffar.
Answer: Suraj-ad-Daula or Siraj-ud-Dawlah
C. He served as governor-general of the French East India Company from 1742 to 1754 and took Madras from the British but lost it via the terms of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.
Answer: Joseph Dupleix
4. Name these things about the Dioscuri, FTP each:
A. Give the names of the Dioscuri.
Answer: Castor and Pollux (or Polydeuces) [Both names must be given for the points]
B. On one occasion the twins were forced to recover this sister of theirs after she had been carried of as a twelve-year-old by Theseus.
Answer: Helen
C. During the voyage of the Argo, Polydeuces killed this king of the savage Bebryces [beb-RYE-sees] with his bare hands.
Answer: Amycus
5. Name these actresses who have starred in Whit Stillman movies, FTP each:
A. Her role in Barcelona proved to be a launching pad for a career that reached its pinnacle with an Oscar win for her role in Mighty Aphrodite.
Answer: Mira Sorvino
B. She plays a young publishing assistant in The Last Days of Disco but might be better known for roles in Kids and Boys Don’t Cry.
Answer: Chloe Sevigny
C. She appeared in two scenes in The Last Days of Disco, but her fame will always rest on her starring role in Flashdance.
Answer: Jennifer Beals
6. Name these works of George Washington Cable, FTP each:
A. This second novel of his tells of the controversial miscegenation in which the title character partakes.
Answer: Madame Delphine
B. Cables’s first story, “Sieur George,” appeared in this 1879 publication, his first book.
Answer: Old Creole Days
C. Cable is probably best known for his depiction of the titular Creole family of this first novel of his.
Answer: The Grandissimes
7. Name these plant parts, FTP each:
A. This part of the root system is composed of suberin and lignin and causes the change of water between apoplastic and symplastic flow before it reaches the vascular tissue.
Answer: Casparian strip
B. This is the layer of plants cells lying within the stele between phloem and the endodermis. It is composed mainly of parenchyma, from which lateral roots originate.
Answer:pericycle
C. This tissue is made up mainly of tracheids and bordered pits.
Answer: xylem
8. Name these medieval German figures, FTP each:
A. In the 10th-century this Benedictine nun wrote six comedies in imitation of Terence and composed a chronicle in verse on the reign of Otto I, our chief source on said monarch.
Answer: Hrostvitha of Gandersheim or Roswitha
B. In 911 this native-born German led a company of Vikings in forcing Charles the Simple to cede the territory around the lower Seine Valley that became Normandy.
Answer: Rollo
C. This eldest son of Louis the Pious received much of modern western Germany in mediation with his brothers but lost much of it after they defeated him at Fontenoy in 841.
Answer: Lothair I
9. It is organized into nearly 700 observations and was based on a series of notes that the author made to himself while lecturing. The notes are often framed as a question, as in “How do I know this is red?” and the philosopher provides a short answer. FTP, each:
A. Name this work of 20th-century philosophy
Answer: Philosophical Investigations
B. Name the author of Philosophical Investigations and the Tractatus Logico-Philosohpicus.
Answer: Ludwig Wittgenstein
C. Wittgenstein wrote this work in the last year and a half of his life, mainly in answer to many of the questions posed by G.E. Moore. Its launching pad is Moore’s infamous paper on “knowing” his hand then deducing the universe, which Wittgenstein shows the inherent fallacy in.
Answer: On Certainty
10. Name these architects of the 19th-century Gothic revival, FTP each:
A. The major work of the period might be this man’s fantastic house at Strawberry Hill. He didn’t actually design the house but enlisted the help of such men as John Chute and Robert Adam.