ROP Sports Medicine: the SPINE & PELVIS

ROP Sports Medicine: THE SPINE & PELVIS

Introductory Information

The spine is a stack of _____ bones called vertebra held together by ligaments and muscles.

Between each vertebra, there is a fibrocartilage ______, which is made mostly of protein and water.

The bones are divided into 5 sections:

______Spine = the most superior group, a.k.a. the ______; has ____ vertebrae

______Spine = the ______; contains ______vertebrae

______Spine = the ______; contains ______vertebrae

______Spine = Contains ______vertebrae which are fused together into one structure called the ______.

______Spine = Contains ______vertebrae which are fused together into one structure called the ______.

Spinal Curvatures:

When viewed laterally, the spine has ______curvatures:

An anterior, or convex, curve called a ______is seen in the ______and ______spine.

A posterior, or concave, curve called a ______is seen in the ______and sacro-coccygeal spine.

What can cause an increase or decrease in the spinal curvature?

Bones of the Spinal Column

All vertebrae have:

1.  A vertebral ______.

2.  2 ______(TP)= lateral bony projections that serve as a source for ligamentous and muscular attachment.

3.  ______(SP) = a posterior bony process that serves as a source of ligamentous and muscular attachment.

4.  ______= where the spinal cord and nerve roots pass.

5.  Superior and inferior ______= where the vertebra articulates with the vertebrae above and below.

6.  ______= forms the posterior portion of the vertebral foramen.

7.  ______= form the lateral sides of the vertebral foramen.

8.  ______(IVF) = located between each vertebra and allows the nerve branches from the spine to pass through.

9.  ______= the bony area between the superior and inferior articulating facets.

Cervical Vertebrae:

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

What do all cervical vertebrae have?

1.

2.

What passes through the foramen?

______= the 1st cervical vertebra

Has no vertebral ______.

Has 2 large articular facets that provide a surface where the ______and the spinal column articulate.

______= the 2nd cervical vertebra

The atlas slides over the axis, and rests on 2 large superior articulating surfaces.

______(a.k.a. Odontoid Process) = a large bony process between the 2 articular surfaces of the axis.

C____ = has a very long spinous process (most easily palpated).

Thoracic Vertebrae:

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

What is special about the SP’s of Thoracic Vertebrae? Thoracic vertebrae have ______and more ______inclined spinous processes.

______= articulating surfaces on the anterior lateral aspects of the transverse processes and the superior and inferior portions of the posterior lateral aspects of the vertebral bodies that provide the articulation for the 12 pairs of ribs with the 12 thoracic vertebrae.

Lumbar Vertebrae:

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

What is special about them?

What do lumbar vertebrae not have?

Sacral Vertebrae:

The ______sacral vertebrae are separate at birth.

The bones eventually fuse together to form a large triangular-shaped bone known as the ______.

The 2 large articular surfaces formed on the lateral aspects of the sacrum are where the spinal ______articulates with the bones of the ______.

Coccygeal Spine:

The ______coccygeal vertebrae are separate at birth.

The bones eventually fuse together to form the ______, a.k.a. your ______.

The Intervertebral Disc (IVD)

The IVD is a cartilaginous disc made of mostly ______and ______.

There is ______disc between each pair of vertebrae (except for ______and the ______, and any of the ______or ______vertebrae).

Purpose:

1. A ______to allow nerve roots to pass from the spinal column to other body structures.

2. ______absorption for the spinal column.

Parts of the Disc:

______= the inner portion of the disc; consists of soft, pulpy, elastic tissue.

______= the other portion of the disc; consists of fibrous tissue.