Rise of Modern Japan: Japan Responds to Foreign Pressure Packet #5

S. Gerhardt Global II

DO NOW: Match up the following terms by drawing a line from the left hand column to the right hand column matching up the word with the proper definition.

Vocabulary Terms Definitions

1.  Nationalism / European countries met to divide up Africa amongst themselves
2.  Industrial Revolution / People went from working at home with their hands to working in factories with machines
3.  Ethnocentrism / Unequal document the Chinese were forced to sign by the British. This document gave Britain control of the island of Hong Kong
4.  Colony / a territory that an imperial power ruled directly through colonial officials
5.  Sphere of Influence / Loyalty and love for ones country
6.  Berlin Conference / Conflict between China and Great Britain. Fought on the water and the British were victorious.
7.  Sepoy / The belief that your culture is superior to everyone else’s
8.  Opium War / Indian Soldier
9.  Treaty of Nanjing / Region of a country where the imperial power had exclusive investment or trading rights.


NOTES:

Vocabulary / Notes
An End to Isolation:
•  The Tokugawa Shogunate had ruled Japan for 200 years
•  The Tokugawa had maintained a policy of Isolationism
•  Western nations wanted to end Japan’s isolation, believing that expansion of trade on a global basis would benefit all nations
Commodore Matthew Perry:
•  First foreign power to succeed with Japan was the United States
•  Summer of 1853: Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Edo Bay with an American fleet to open foreign relations between the two nations
•  Arrived with a letter from President Fillmore to the Japanese Emperor
Treaty of Kanagawa:
•  Shogun’s advisors debated what to do – Japan did not have the ability to defend itself against the US Navy
•  Japanese signed the Treaty of Kanagawa and as a result:
–  Americans gained trading ports in Japan
–  Low taxes on American imports
–  Europeans soon followed demanding the same
•  Japanese were humiliated just like the Chinese with the unfair treaties
•  The Japanese people felt the Shogun caved to foreigners and overthrew him
•  The people restored the fifteen year old Emperor Mutsuhito to power
The Meiji Restoration:
•  The young Emperor began a long reign over the period known as the Meiji Restoration (1868-1912)
•  Emperor set out to strengthen Japan and modernize it
•  New leaders studied western ways to adapt them to Japanese needs
•  Members of the government traveled overseas to study western governments and brought experts in western culture to Japan.
Japan as a Global Power:
•  Japan used its industrial and military strength to begin a policy of imperialism
•  Sought colonies as sources of raw materials and markets for finished products.
Gained colonies through wars:
•  Sino- Japanese War: Fought China and won! Gained land and ports in China
•  Russo-Japanese War: Fought Russia and won! Gained complete control over Korea.

WRAP UP & REVIEW:

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan rapidly industrialized. During which period did this change take place?

(1) Heian Court (3) Yuan dynasty

(2) Song dynasty (4) Meiji Restoration

What is one reason for Japan’s involvement in the first Sino-Japanese War and the annexation of Korea?

(1) pursuit of imperialistic goals

(2) reaction to foreign invasions

(3) institution of five-year plans

(4) need for a warm-water port

Japan’s policy of expansion in the early 20th century was motivated by

(1) a lack of natural resources

(2) a plan to end unequal treaties

(3) the need to increase cultural diffusion

(4) the desire to spread communism

During the late 19th century, Japan’s lack of natural resources was one reason for implementing a policy of

(1) collectivization (3) socialism

(2) free trade (4) imperialism

Which action did Japanese leaders take directly following the visit of Commodore Perry in 1853?

(1) They attacked the British navy.

(2) They opened more ports to trade.

(3) They increased the power of the shogun.

(4) They allowed the importation of opium into Japan.

Which action in Japanese history occurred during the Meiji Restoration?

(1) Japan modernized its economy.

(2) Mongols invaded the islands of Japan.

(3) The Japanese government adopted an isolationist policy.

(4) Buddhism became the official religion of

Japan.

The annexation of Korea and Japan’s invasion of Manchuria were attempts by Japan to

(1) spread Shinto beliefs

(2) protect human rights

(3) acquire natural resources

(4) establish theocratic governments