Name: ______Date: ______
English 7RMs. Mach and Ms. Hordern
Review Sheet for the FINAL EXAM
1. Alliteration: The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words
Example: Little Lucy loves lemons.
Example: ______
2. Simile: A comparison using like or as
Example: The pillow is as soft as a cloud. I slept like a log.
Example: ______
3. Hyperbole: An extreme exaggeration
Example: I am really tongue tied right now!
Example: ______
4. Personification: Applying human qualities to non-living objects or animals
Example: The evening wind screamed in the distance.
Example: ______
5. Metaphor: A direct comparison (without using like or as)
Example: The criminal is a monster!
Example: ______
6. Repetition: the repeating of a sound, word, phrase, and/or grammatical structure more than once for emphasis
Example: The girl was young. The girl was naive. (The writer wants to emphasize the girl’s age/maturity)
Example: ______
______
7. Onomatopoeia: the use of words whose sound suggests their meaning
Example: Boom! Bang!
Example: ______
8. Imagery: words and phrases that appeal to readers’ senses (hearing/sight/touch/scent/taste)
Example: The bright red, juicy apple looks delicious!
Example: ______
______
1. Setting: when and where a story takes place
Example: This story takes place on a dark, stormy night on June 14, 1922, in New York City.
Setting of So far from the Bamboo Grove: ______
2. Plot: the sequence of events in a story
Exposition: characters and setting are introduced
Rising action: The action in a play before the climax
Climax: The moment in a play, novel, short story, or narrative poem at which the crisis reaches its point of greatest intensity and is thereafter resolved
Falling action: Once the climax is over, the descending side of the pyramid depicts the decrease in tension and complication
Resolution: the conclusion
3. Characterization: the techniques writers use to create characters by describing a character’s physical appearance, thoughts or speech, and what other characters think or say about him/her.
Example: Lisa has blonde hair and blue eyes. She looked friendly, but after she beat up Mary, we knew otherwise.
(Here, the writer is giving a physical description and characterizes Lisa as mean based on what she did to Mary.)
Example of characterization: ______
______
______
4. Conflict: a struggle between opposing forces.
Examples: Mary got in a fight with Brian. (man vs. man)
Lisa was angry with herself for failing the test. (man vs. self)
Mary couldn’t go outside because it was raining. (man vs. environment)
John didn’t like the school rules. (man vs. society)
Example of man vs. man conflict: ______
Example of man vs. self conflict: ______
Example of man vs. environment conflict: ______
Example of man vs. society conflict: ______
5. Theme: an author’s message about life or people
Example: In Nightjohn, one main theme is the importance of literacy in order to achieve your dreams.
Theme from So Far from the Bamboo Grove: ______
______
6. Foreshadowing: when a writer provides hints or clues to suggest future events in a story
7. Tone: the writer’s attitude toward his or her subject
8. Mood: a feeling that a literary work conveys to readers
9. Symbol: a person, a place, an activity, or an object that stands for something beyond itself.
10. Point of View: the perspective the story is being told from
First person point of view: the narrator uses personal pronouns (I, me, my)
Third person limited: the narrator tells us what one person thinks
Third person omniscient: the narrator relates the thoughts, feelings or opinions of several or all of the characters.
11. Flashback: An interruption of the action of a present scene to discuss something that happened previously.
12. Dialogue: The words the characters speak aloud.
13. Irony: "saying one thing and meaning another." Verbal irony is also called sarcasm. Dramatic irony (the most important type for literature) involves a situation in a narrative in which the reader knows something about present or future circumstances that the character does not know. In that situation, the character acts in a way we recognize to be grossly inappropriate to the actual circumstances, or the character expects the opposite of what the reader knows that fate holds in store, or the character anticipates a particular outcome that unfolds itself in an unintentional way.
14. End Rhyme: Rhyme in which the last word at the end of each verse is the word that rhymes.
15. Rhyme scheme: The pattern of rhyme. The traditional way to mark these patterns of rhyme is to assign a letter of the alphabet to each rhyming sound at the end of each line.
16. Connotation: How the meaning of a word makes you feel. Example: lazy- negative connotation.
17. Denotation: The minimal, strict definition of a word as found in a dictionary.
18. Protagonist: The main character in a work, on whom the author focuses most of the narrative attention
19. Antagonist: character against whom the protagonist struggles or contends (if there is one), is the antagonist
20. Dynamic character: Also called a round character, a dynamic character is one whose personality changes or evolves
21. Static character: A static character is a simplified character that does not change or alter his or her personality
22. Style vs. structure: author’s choice of wording vs. how the author chooses to layout the words on a page.