Review Maya, Aztec, and Inca World History/Napp

Review Maya, Aztec, and Inca World History/Napp

Review – Maya, Aztec, and Inca World History/Napp

Which civilization is credited with recording data with quipu, developing an elaborate road system, and constructing Machu Picchu?
  1. Roman
  2. Egyptian
  3. Mesopotamian
  4. Inca
Which development is most closely associated with early Inca achievements?
  1. inventing the wheel as a transportation device
  2. improving iron weapons
  3. expanding global trade
  4. adapting a mountainous environment
A key reason the Incas were able to control their large empire was that they
  1. outlawed human sacrifice
  2. formed a democratic government
  3. built a road system to connect distant areas and to move armies
  4. promoted literacy and mass education programs to teach loyalty to their subjects
What was an important strategy used by both the Romans and the Incas to unify their empires?
  1. building a large network of roads and bridges
  2. using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes
  3. supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins
  4. granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples
/ Which achievement played an important role in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations?
  1. use of gunpowder
  2. production of corn
  3. domestication of horses
  4. development of sugar plantations
The location of the Inca civilization of South America demonstrates the
  1. importance of trade with western Europe
  2. ability of humans to adapt the environment
  3. influence of cultural diversity
  4. complexity of indigenous belief systems
A study of the achievements of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures would show that they
  1. sustained dense populations through intensive agriculture
  2. engaged in an extensive exploration of the Pacific Ocean
  3. built vehicles with wheels to transport goods
  4. developed rice paper and wood-block printing
One way in which the people of the Tibetan kingdom and the people of the Inca Empire are similar is that they
  1. developed coastal ports
  2. adapted mountainous terrains
  3. designed ships to conduct global trade
  4. introduced camel caravans as their primary form of transportation

Base your answer to the question on the following passage and your knowledge of social studies.

...We can only marvel at the ability of the Sapa Inca [chief ruler] to control his vast domains, separated as they were not only by long distances, but by dramatic changes in altitude. Inca engineers developed a massive road system over some of the most rugged terrain on earth, a lattice [network] of highways and tracks that covered a staggering 19,000 miles (30,000 km). The Inca empire could never have been created without this communication system that carried important officials, government correspondence, entire armies, and all manner of commodities and trade goods. Road-building started long before Inca times, for earlier states like Chimor on the coast also needed to connect dense concentrations of farmers in widely separated valleys. But the Incas vastly extended the network. The resulting lattice was a conceptual framework for thequipumakers, who used the sequences of sites on the roads to relate different areas to one another. Anthropologist John Murra has called these roads the “flag” of the Inca state, for they were a highly visible link between the individual and the remote central government. The same lattice of communication helped define symbolic alignments, link sacred shrines to the Temple of the Sun in Cuzco, and even separate different groups of people living near the capital….

Source: Brian M. Fagan,Kingdoms of Gold, Kingdoms of Jade: The Americas Before Columbus,Thames and Hudson

According to Brian M. Fagan, what was one effect of the Incan road system?

  1. Global trade was made possible.
  2. High taxation was needed for infrastructure.
  3. Unification of the empire was achieved.
  4. Revolutions broke out among warring tribes.

Base your answer to the question on the images below and on your knowledge of social studies.

style

Which of the following points of view is sharedby these artists?

  1. The Industrial Revolution has brought hardship throughout the world.
  2. The Green Revolution has encouraged new food stuffs to be produced.
  3. The Encounter made life in the New World very difficult for the native population.
  4. The Neolithic Revolution, without machinery, required strenuous labor.\

One way in which the Aztec and Inca civilizations are similar is that they both
  1. defeated the Spanish conquistadors
  2. developed advanced architectural techniques
  3. lacked strong central governments
  4. settled primarily in river valleys
Which factor most influenced the development of diverse cultures in pre-Columbian South America?
  1. trade agreements
  2. geographic features
  3. imported religious ideas
  4. peasant revolts
The Aztec use of the calendar and the Maya writing system both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas
  1. traded extensively with Africa
  2. flourished prior to European contact
  3. declined because of invasion and disease
  4. converted others to Islam
The Gupta civilization (4th–6th centuries) and the Maya civilization (4th–10th centuries) were similar in that both
  1. built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero
  2. eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy
  3. developed early democratic systems
  4. were conquered by European imperialists
The archaeological evidence found at the Mesoamerican sites of Tenochtitlan and Machu Picchu suggests that these societies
  1. consisted of hunters and gatherers
  2. were highly developed and organized cultures
  3. practiced a monotheistic religion
  4. followed a democratic system
/ One similarity of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca empires is that they
  1. developed in fertile river valleys
  2. maintained democratic political systems
  3. coexisted peacefully with neighboring empires
  4. created complex civilizations
Inca terrace farming and Aztec floating gardens are examples of
  1. the ability of civilizations to adapt to their region’s physical geography
  2. slash-and-burn farming techniques
  3. Mesoamerican art forms symbolizing the importance of agriculture
  4. colonial economic policies that harmed Latin American civilizations
One way in which the civilizations of the Sumerians, the Phoenicians, and the Mayas were similar is that each
  1. developed extensive writing systems
  2. emphasized quality in education
  3. established monotheistic religions
  4. encouraged democratic participation in government
The civilizations of the Aztecs, Incas, and Mayas were similar in that all
  1. spoke the same language
  2. followed a monotheistic religion
  3. developed cities and complex governments
  4. used a complex system of writing
In Latin America, the Maya and the Aztec civilizations were similar in that they
  1. showed no evidence of urbanization
  2. lacked a strong central government
  3. developed complex mathematical and calendar systems
  4. used military weapons superior to those of Europeans

Base your answer to the question on the illustrations and on your knowledge of social studies.

These illustrations suggest that early Latin American civilizations

  1. were based on European societies
  2. used advanced technology to build complex structures
  3. incorporated early Roman architectural design
  4. were strongly influenced by Renaissance humanism

Base your answer to the question on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Which letter identifies the region in the Andes Mountains where many Inca settlements were located?

  1. A
  2. B
  3. C
  4. D

Base your answer to this question on the drawing below and on your knowledge of social studies.

What does this drawing indicate about the Inca civilization?

  1. religious influence on architecture
  2. cooperation and planning in agriculture
  3. superior military technology used for defense
  4. role of government during a natural disaster

Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

… At Tenochtitlán, the Aztecs perfected an unusual method of farming. They built huge rafts, covered them with earth, and floated them on the lake. On these chinampas, or “floating islands,” they grew enough maize and vegetables to feed their expanding population comfortably. Eventually, roots from the tree rafts attached themselves to the bottom of the shallow lake to become permanent foundations for buildings.…

~ Lois Athey

Which conclusion is best supported by the information in this passage?

  1. The Aztecs terraced the land.
  2. Large plantations provided food for the markets.
  3. The Aztecs were limited to subsistence farming.
  4. Environmental adaptation aided economic development.

Base your answer to the question on the photographs below and on your knowledge of social studies.


These photographs indicate the people of China and the people of ancient Peru modified their environment to

  1. create effective trade routes
  2. increase the amount of land available for agriculture
  3. move large quantities of water into cities
  4. provide an effective defense

Base your answer to the question on the illustration below and on your knowledge of social studies.

To achieve the degree of development shown, the Aztecs first had to

  1. invent wheeled vehicles to move construction materials
  2. use domesticated animals to assist in agriculture
  3. establish an organized government and a specialized work force
  4. adopt advanced engineering techniques diffused from European cultures

Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

… The capital city, which may have had a population as high as 200,000 to 300,000 in the early sixteenth century, was a superb example of planned growth. By building out into the lake, the Aztecs consolidated and enlarged the original two islands which in turn were linked to the mainland by three large causeways. Fresh water was brought to the city from the mainland by aqueduct.…

Source: Jeremy A. Sabloff,The Cities of Ancient Mexico: Reconstructing a Lost World, Thames and Hudson

Sabloff is complimenting the Aztec’s use of technology in that civilization’s support of

  1. Urbanization
  2. Agriculture
  3. Industrialization
  4. Globalization

Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

… Chinampas added both living and agricultural space to the island. Houses could be built on chinampas after they were firmly in place, and the plots were used to grow a great variety of products, from maize and beans to tomatoes and flowers. The Mexica [Aztec] built chinampas all around Tenochtitlan, like their neighbors in the freshwater lakes to the south. They were, however, constantly faced with the danger of flooding, which brought salty water across the chinampas and ruined the land and crops. Lake Texcoco accumulated minerals from the river water running into it, which caused the water to be brackish [mix of fresh and salt water]. In the mid-15th century, this problem was solved; a dike was built, separating the western section of the lake where Tenochtitlan was located and protecting the city from salty water and some flooding.…

Source: Frances F. Berdan,The Aztecs, Chelsea House Publishers

According to Frances F. Berdan’s description of the development of the chinampas and the image above, the Aztecs had already experienced which revolution?

  1. Neolithic
  2. Industrial
  3. Green
  4. Global

Essay Practice:

Compare the achievements of the Maya, Aztec and Inca civilizations. Be sure to identify similarities and differences as well as analyze reasons for differences.

Maya / Aztec / Inca
Achievements / Achievements / Achievements

Introduction:

______

Body Paragraph – Similarity

______

Body Paragraph – Difference

______

Conclusion:

______