RESEARCH PROJECT : STUDY LEADER : RINA GRANT (Physical Endurance/Physical Exertion and Training related to ECG)
Database: Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1996 to November Week 3 2009>
Search Strategy:
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1 exp Electrocardiography/ (50232)
2 exp physical endurance/ or exp physical exertion/ (19121)
3 1 and 2 (563)
4 training.mp. and 3 (75)
5 limit 4 to (english language and humans) (59)
6 from 5 keep 3,5-7,12-15,17,19,22,25-26,30,32-41,43,48-50,52,54,57-58 (32)
7 from 6 keep 1-32 (32)
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Result <1>
Unique Identifier
16128371
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Tanriverdi H. Kaftan HA. Evrengul H. Dursunoglu D. Turgut G. Kilic M.
Authors Full Name
Tanriverdi, Halil. Kaftan, H Asuman. Evrengul, Harun. Dursunoglu, Dursun. Turgut, Gunfer. Kilic, Mustafa.
Institution
Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
Title
QT dispersion and left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes: relationship with angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism.
Source
Acta Cardiologica. 60(4):387-93, 2005 Aug.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: QT dispersion (QTd) is a measure of inhomogeneous repolarization of myocardium and is used as an indicator of arrhythmogenicity. QTd is increased in myocardial hypertrophy secondary to systemic hypertension. The relation between left ventricular (LV) enlargement in endurance trained subjects and QTd is unknown. The cloning of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has made it possible to identify a deletion (D)-insertion (I) polymorphism that appears to affect the level of serum ACE activity. The aim of this study was to assess whether physiologic left ventricular hypertrophy as a result of physical training is associated with an increased QT length or dispersion depending on ACE I/D polymorphism. METHODS: 56 endurance athletes and 46 sedentary subjects were included in this study, and they underwent both complete echocardiographic and electrocardiographic examination, the QT interval was measured manually as an average based on a 12-lead ECG. We also ana!
lysed ACE I and D allele frequencies in all patients. RESULTS: Athletes had a significantly increased LV mass (235.1 +/- 68.5 g vs. 144.9 +/- 44.5 g, p < 0.001) and corrected QTd (QTcd) (55.5 +/- 18.1 ms vs. 42.9 +/- 17.2 ms, p < 0.001) in comparison to control subjects. There was a positive correlation between left ventricular mass index and QTcd in athletes (r = 0.3, p = 0.024). Left ventricular mass and mass index in ACE DD, DI and II genotypes were significantly different (p < 0.001). QTcd was significantly different between ACE DD (63.2 +/- 12.8 ms) and ACE II (44.9 +/- 17.6 ms) genotypes in athletes (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These data show that myocardial hypertrophy induced by exercise training might be associated with increased QTd as observed in systemic hypertension and might be affected by ACE I/D polymorphism.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <2>
Unique Identifier
10755165
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Pavlik G. Olexo Z. Sido Z. Frenkl R.
Authors Full Name
Pavlik, G. Olexo, Z. Sido, Z. Frenkl, R.
Institution
Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, Hungarian University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.
Title
Doppler echocardiographic examinations in the assessment of the athletic heart.
Source
Acta Physiologica Hungarica. 86(1):7-22, 1999.
Abstract
Doppler echocardiography is a method with the help of which flow velocity and the duration of different intervals can be estimated. The ratio between early and late peak velocities (E/A) is linearly proportional to diastolic function, i.e. to ventricular compliance. Data of 179 athletes and of 42 nontrained young healthy men indicated that the E/A quotient was higher in athletes than in the sedentary controls (2.086 +/- 0.505 vs. 1.905 +/- 0.384) in young adult age, but of the different athletes it was the only group of endurance athletes that showed a significant increase. Regular physical training seems to protect against an age-dependent impairment of left ventricular compliance, as an increased E/A ratio can be observed at the age of 31-45 years (1.77 +/- 0.46 vs. 1.43 +/- 0.276) as well as in men above 45 years of age (1.61 +/- 0.36 vs. 1.24 +/- 0.36). Bradycardia of the athletic heart resulted in a significantly longer duration of the cardiac cycle in athletes than i!
n non-athletes. Different phases of the cardiac cycle, however, were not equally modified. There were periods the absolute duration of which were slightly decreased, unchanged or slightly increased, but the relative ones are strongly decreased: such as isovolumetric contraction time (ICT), acceleration of the transaortic flow (AOAT), deceleration of the transaortic flow (AODT), acceleration period of the early diastolic filling (EACC), and deceleration period of the early diastolic filling (EDT). There were periods the absolute duration of which increased proportionally to the increase of the whole cardiac cycle, while relative duration was not changed: isovolumetric contraction time (IVRT) and the atrial systole (A). There was one period that showed the greatest variability in the different subjects and both its absolute and relative duration was definitely increased in the athletes: this was the EA period, i.e. the period from the end of early filling to the beginning of !
the atrial systole.
Publication Type
Clinical Trial. Comparative Study. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <3>
Unique Identifier
9271292
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Bowman AJ. Clayton RH. Murray A. Reed JW. Subhan MF. Ford GA.
Authors Full Name
Bowman, A J. Clayton, R H. Murray, A. Reed, J W. Subhan, M F. Ford, G A.
Institution
Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Title
Baroreflex function in sedentary and endurance-trained elderly people.
Source
Age & Ageing. 26(4):289-94, 1997 Jul.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: to determine the differences associated with age and endurance exercise training on the baroreflex function of healthy subjects. DESIGN: cross-sectional study. SETTING: university research department. PARTICIPANTS: 26 (10 female) sedentary, healthy, normotensive elderly subjects (mean age 67 years, range 62-81), eight (two female) elderly endurance-trained athletes (66 years, 62-69) and eight (two female) young (30 years, 25-34) subjects. MEASUREMENTS: baroreflex sensitivity was quantified by the alpha-index, at high frequency (HF, 0.15-0.35 Hz) and mid frequency (MF, 0.05-0.15 Hz), derived from spectral and cross-spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in heart rate and blood pressure. RESULTS: resting heart rate was significantly lower in endurance-trained athletes than sedentary elderly people (58 +/- 12 versus 68 +/- 11 min(-1), P < 0.05) but not different to that in healthy young subjects (63 +/- 9 min[-1]). alpha(HF) in sedentary elderly subjects (8.!
1 +/- 4.2 ms.mm Hg[-1]) was lower than both endurance-trained elderly athletes (14.8 +/- 4.8 ms.mm Hg(-1), P < 0.05) and healthy young subjects (28.3 +/- 21.8 ms.mm Hg(-1), P < 0.05) and was not significantly different between endurance-trained elderly athletes and healthy young subjects (P = 0.10). alpha(MF) in healthy young subjects (15.4 +/- 8.8 ms.mm Hg[-1]) was greater than in sedentary elderly subjects (6.5 +/- 3.2 ms.mm Hg(-1), P < 0.01) and endurance-trained elderly athletes (6.9 +/- 2.0 ms.mmHg(-1), P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between the two elderly groups (P = 0.66). CONCLUSIONS: both components of the baroreflex measured by the alpha-index show a decrease with age. Elderly endurance-trained athletes have less reduction in the high, but not mid, frequency component of the alpha-index compared with sedentary elderly subjects. Some of the age-related changes in baroreflex sensitivity may be related to physical fitness and activity levels.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <4>
Unique Identifier
18621855
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Baggish AL. Yared K. Wang F. Weiner RB. Hutter AM Jr. Picard MH. Wood MJ.
Authors Full Name
Baggish, Aaron L. Yared, Kibar. Wang, Francis. Weiner, Rory B. Hutter, Adolph M Jr. Picard, Michael H. Wood, Malissa J.
Institution
Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey Suite 5B, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Title
The impact of endurance exercise training on left ventricular systolic mechanics.
Source
American Journal of Physiology - Heart & Circulatory Physiology. 295(3):H1109-H1116, 2008 Sep.
Abstract
Although exercise training-induced changes in left ventricular (LV) structure are well characterized, adaptive functional changes are incompletely understood. Detailed echocardiographic assessment of LV systolic function was performed on 20 competitive rowers (10 males and 10 females) before and after endurance exercise training (EET; 90 days, 10.7 +/- 1.1 h/wk). Structural changes included LV dilation (end-diastolic volume = 128 +/- 25 vs. 144 +/- 28 ml, P < 0.001), right ventricular (RV) dilation (end-diastolic area = 2,850 +/- 550 vs. 3,260 +/- 530 mm2, P < 0.001), and LV hypertrophy (mass = 227 +/- 51 vs. 256 +/- 56 g, P < 0.001). Although LV ejection fraction was unchanged (62 +/- 3% vs. 60 +/- 3%, P = not significant), all direct measures of LV systolic function were altered. Peak systolic tissue velocities increased significantly (basal lateral S'Delta = 0.9 +/- 0.6 cm/s, P = 0.004; and basal septal S'Delta = 0.8 +/- 0.4 cm/s, P = 0.008). Radial strain increased sim!
ilarly in all segments, whereas longitudinal strain increased with a base-to-apex gradient. In contrast, circumferential strain (CS) increased in the LV free wall but decreased in regions adjacent to the RV. Reductions in septal CS correlated strongly with changes in RV structure (DeltaRV end-diastolic area vs. DeltaLV septal CS; r2 = 0.898, P < 0.001) and function (Deltapeak RV systolic velocity vs. DeltaLV septal CS, r2 = 0.697, P < 0.001). EET leads to significant changes in LV systolic function with regional heterogeneity that may be secondary to concomitant RV adaptation. These changes are not detected by conventional measurements such as ejection fraction.
Publication Type
Journal Article.
Result <5>
Unique Identifier
16172170
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Martinmaki K. Rusko H. Kooistra L. Kettunen J. Saalasti S.
Authors Full Name
Martinmaki, Kaisu. Rusko, Heikki. Kooistra, Libbe. Kettunen, Joni. Saalasti, Sami.
Institution
KIHU-Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
Title
Intraindividual validation of heart rate variability indexes to measure vagal effects on hearts.
Source
American Journal of Physiology - Heart & Circulatory Physiology. 290(2):H640-7, 2006 Feb.
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) has been widely used as a measure of vagal activation in physiological, psychological, and clinical examinations. We studied the within-subject quantitative relationship between HRV and vagal effects on the heart in different body postures during a gradually decreasing vagal blockade. Electrocardiogram and respiratory frequency were measured in subjects (8 endurance athletes and 10 participants of nonendurance sports) in supine, sitting, and standing postures before the blockade, under vagal blockade (atropine sulfate, 0.04 mg/kg), and four times during a 150-min recovery from the blockade. Fast Fourier transform was used to calculate low-frequency power (LFP, 0.04-0.15 Hz), high-frequency power (HFP, 0.15-0.40 Hz), and total power (TP, 0.04-0.40 Hz). A within-subject linear regression analysis of recovery time on each HRV index was conducted. Complete vagal blockade decreased all HRV significantly, particularly HFP (P < 0.001). A linear fit ex!
plained a large portion of the within-subject variance between recovery time and natural log-transformed (ln) HRV indexes in every posture, with coefficients of determination (R2) in the supine posture [means (SD)]: 98 (SD 2)% for mean R-R interval, 87 (SD 10)% for lnLFP, 87 (SD 13)% for lnHFP, and 91 (SD 10)% for lnTP. Neither body posture nor endurance-training background had an impact on R2 values. There was marked between-subject variation in the R2 values, slopes, and intercepts. In conclusion, all HRV, particularly HFP, is predominantly under vagal control. Within subjects, lnLFP, lnHFP, and lnTP increased linearly with the gradually decreasing vagal blockade in all postures.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Validation Studies.
Result <6>
Unique Identifier
17061939
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Baumert M. Brechtel L. Lock J. Voss A.
Authors Full Name
Baumert, Mathias. Brechtel, Lars. Lock, Juergen. Voss, Andreas.
Institution
Centre for Biomedical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Title
Changes in heart rate variability of athletes during a training camp.
Source
Biomedizinische Technik. 51(4):201-4, 2006.
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects regulatory processes of the cardiovascular system and reveals fractal characteristics. In this paper we investigated standard HRV parameters and scaling characteristics in ten athletes before, during, and after a 2-week training camp to assess the effects of short-term overtraining on cardiovascular control. High-resolution ECGs were recorded over 30 min under resting conditions 1 week before the training camp, after 1 week of training in the camp, and after 3-4 days of recovery. Standard HRV analysis was performed according to Task Force recommendations. Scaling characteristics were assessed, applying detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Standard HRV analysis showed significant changes in meanNN and rmssd during the training camp. DFA revealed three distinct regions of scale-invariance and significant alterations during the training camp. In conclusion, HRV might be used to monitor the training state in athletes.
Publication Type
Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Result <7>
Unique Identifier
17273656
Status
MEDLINE
Authors
Marocolo M. Nadal J. Benchimol Barbosa PR.
Authors Full Name
Marocolo, M. Nadal, J. Benchimol Barbosa, P R.
Institution
Programa de Engenharia Biomedica, Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-graduacao de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua de Pompeu Loueiro 36/702, 22061-000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Title
The effect of an aerobic training program on the electrical remodeling of heart high-frequency components of the signal-averaged electrocardiogram is a predictor of the maximal aerobic power.
Source
Brazilian Journal of Medical & Biological Research. 40(2):199-208, 2007 Feb.
Abstract
Increased heart rate variability (HRV) and high-frequency content of the terminal region of the ventricular activation of signal-averaged ECG (SAECG) have been reported in athletes. The present study investigates HRV and SAECG parameters as predictors of maximal aerobic power (VO2max) in athletes. HRV, SAECG and VO2max were determined in 18 high-performance long-distance (25 +/- 6 years; 17 males) runners 24 h after a training session. Clinical visits, ECG and VO2max determination were scheduled for all athletes during the training period. A group of 18 untrained healthy volunteers matched for age, gender, and body surface area was included as controls. SAECG was acquired in the resting supine position for 15 min and processed to extract average RR interval (Mean-RR) and root mean squared standard deviation (RMSSD) of the difference of two consecutive normal RR intervals. SAECG variables analyzed in the vector magnitude with 40-250 Hz band-pass bi-directional filtering wer!