Reform and Antebellum Culture

(1790-1860)

Chapter 15

**Realize that Abolitionism also arose during this time period but is dealt with in

another chapter.

1.Background: in the late 18th and early 19th centuries there was a rise in liberal

religious ideas. Two of these “liberal” Christian faiths that were the antithesis of

N.E. Calvanism were Deism and Unitarianism. Define the beliefs of these two

religious belief systems

2.What was the Second Great Awakening?

3.Overall, what was the effect of the Great Awakening?

4.What were “camp meetings”?

5.Which two Christian religious sects “reaped” the most benefits from the religious

revival?

6.What were the basic elements of these new “revival churches”?

7.Define why the following preachers were significant to the Great Awakening.

Peter Cartwright -

Charles G. Finney –

NEW DENOMINATIONS

8.What was the “burned over district”?

9.Millerites (Adventists) – what did they believe?

10. Define the regional and economic divisions that were deepened by the Second

Great Awakening.

11.Mormons (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints)

Who was Joseph Smith?

Who wasBrigham Young?

Why were the Mormons persecuted and reviled by other Americans?

PUBLIC EDUCATION

12.Why were “ragged schools” not highly supported in the antebellum period?

(Which region of the country had always supported primary education?)

13.What two factors caused the “public school” movement of the 19th century to

gain momentum?

14.What was the typical primary school curriculum? What were the weaknesses in

these early American One-room school houses?

15.Define the contributions of Horace Mann and Noah Webster and

William McGuffey.

16.Assess (with historically accurate statements) how great the change was in public

education by the time of the CivilWar (1860).

17.Women’s Education - Define the importance of the following institutions and

people.

Emma Willard –

OberlinCollege –

Mary Lyon -

18.Women’s Education –Delineate the limited progress that women made in the

area of education by the time of the Civil War and explain why so little progress

had been made.

19.Using page328 and 329, characterize in a paragraph or two the dreams of

reformers in the social realm, the motivations they had and the limits of their

“reform-mindedness” (include Laud, Dix and others)

20.Temperance Movement – Define the following –

T.S. Arthur’s Ten Nights in a Barroom and What I Saw There (1854)

Neal S. Dow -

Maine Law of 1851 –

21.What is the difference between temperance and “teetotalism”? How effective

were they in stopping drinking?

22.Define the elements that compose the “Cult of Domesticity”

23.What were the legal, political and economic barriers that women experienced ?

24.Define the significances of the following women:

Lucretia Mott –

Elizabeth Cady Stanton –

Susan B. Anthony

Elizabeth Blackwell –

Margaret Fuller -

The Grimke sisters–

Lucy Stone –

Amelia Bloomer–

Woman’s Rights Convention (1848) (aka. Seneca Falls Convention)

Declaration of Sentiments-

24.Define the following people and movements

New Harmony (Robert Owen) – 1824 -

Brook Farm –

Oneida Community –

Shakers (Mother Ann Lee)

25.What do the utopian movements have in common?

26.American Artists - Define the significant contributions of the following–

John Audobon –

Gilbert Stuart – (1755-1828)

Charles Wilson Peale –

John Trumbull –

The Hudson RiverSchool -

27.American Writers – List and describe the significant works of the following:

Knickerbocker Group –

WashingtonIrving –

James Fenimore Cooper –

William Cullen Bryant –

Transcendentalists –

28.Define Transcendentalist beliefs

29. Characterize the works of the following writers:

Ralph Waldo Emerson –

Henry David Thoreau –

Walt Whitman –

American Literary “Lights”

Henry Wadworth Longfellow –

John Greenleaf Whittier–

James Russell Lowell–

Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes –

Emily Dickinson-

Edgar Allen Poe –

Nathaniel Hawthorne –

Herman Melville-

George Bancroft –

Francis Parkman –

Bonus: What were Lyceums?