Reading for Results, 12Th Edition

Reading For Results, 12th edition

Answer Key, Chapter 5

Exercise 1

1.  B

2.  A

Exercise 2

1.  One view of violent behavior holds that improper socialization and upbringing are responsible for violent acts.

2.  Hate or bias crimes like the one committed against Matthew Shepard, are violent acts directed toward a particular person or members of a group merely because the targets share a discernible racial, ethnic, religious, or gender characteristic.

Exercise 3

1.  Yet, respected or not, the governor’s office sometimes attracts true wackos as candidates.

Possible Main Idea answer: Sometimes real crazies run for governor.

2.  Scientists do not know what harm, if any, the very low concentrations of these chemicals found in the infant’s blood might cause, but they are deeply concerned.

Possible Main Idea answer: Although scientists do not know for sure about how much harm they will cause, they are worried about how chemicals already in the blood of infants will affect them.

Exercise 4

1.  But there are reasons why the so-called cross-pressures “problem” is simply not a problem for most adolescents

Possible Main Idea answer: It’s not really true that adolescents suffer from severe cross-pressure conflict between their parents and their peers.

2.  According to the linguistic relativity hypothesis, the answer is yes; the language we speak does affect how we think. This theory – also called the Whorfian hypothesis after Benjamin Whorf the amateur linguist who developed it – holds that the language we use determines how we think and how we perceive reality.

Possible Main Idea answer: According to Benjamin Whorf’s theory, the language we speak affects how we see the world.

3.  Many myths surround Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Possible Main Idea answer: There is a lot of misfortunes surrounding the effects and causes of ADHD.

4.  Although evidence of long-term effectiveness of premarital education remains elusive, some believe that mandatory counseling will promote marital stability.

Possible Main Idea answer: Some state governments think that premarital counseling will help people stay married.

Digging Deeper

1.  The prevalence or frequency of jury dodging

2.  B

3.  Because jury dodgers are multiplying, the courts have started applying some stiff penalties. It’s up to the Federal Reserve to carry out a delicate balancing act to keep the economy stable.

4.  The thesis statement concludes the first paragraph.

5.  C

6.  A

7.  The transition first tells you the answer has more than one part.

8.  Figuratively

9.  A

10. Using a stick

11. Germane = relevant, related, central

Remuneration = payment, reward, money.

TEST 1

1.  It sums up the main idea of the multi-paragraph reading.

It’s likely to express a more general or more complex main idea and may consist of more than one sentence.

2.  The chapter section opens with a thesis statement

3.  The topic sentence thesis statement

4.  It will usually be the answer to the question.

5.  Reversal transition the real thesis statement is coming right

TEST 2

1.  Instead, a new family relations model is emerging. It suggests that even nonbiological parents may be awarded joint custody or visitation rights as long as they have been economically and emotionally involved in the life of the child.

2.  Considered offspring of a once-hated enemy, Vietnam’s Amerasians are despised by the people they live with and rejected by the country to which they believe they rightly belong: the United States.

TEST 3

1.  History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery.

Paraphrase: Throughout history dreams have provided creative solutions to problems.

2.  But in everyday life, acting as if you know what is in someone else’s mind can interfere with effective communication.

Paraphrase: Avoiding mind reading is a good way to improve your ability to communicate.

Test 4

1.  And there are two basic reasons why the government can, on a regular basis, spend more than it earns.

Paraphrase: There are two key ways government debt differs from consumer debt.

2.  Due to her deadly history, the press had dubbed Mary Mallon “Typhoid Mary,” a nickname she richly deserved because everywhere she went, the disease called “typhoid” was not far behind, until, that is, one man decided to stop her.

Paraphrase: Mary Mallon certainly earned the nickname “typhoid Mary.” Everywhere she went she brought typhoid with her.

Test 5

1.  You can tell a lot about a potential employee by the way he or she treats the waiter.

Paraphrase: Employers can tell a lot about a person’s character by how he or she treats waiters.

2.  The problem we face now is a significant increase in temperature during this century. Such rapid climate change could have dramatic and drastic effects on the earth’s environment.

Paraphrase: We should be concerned about the earth growing warmer because it’s happening fast and rapid climate change can have catastrophic effects.

Test 6

1.  elusive

2.  mandatory

3.  socialization

4.  strident

5.  alternatives

6.  deviant

7.  desecrated

8.  patron saint

9.  frenzy

10. innuendo

11. discernable

12. domains

13. marital

14. merit

15. random