Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences s38

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

ANNEXURE-II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1. / NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS (IN BLOCK LETTERS) / Dr. ANJU ANU JOSE,
POST GRADUATE STUDENT,
SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
VIDYANAGAR,
HASSAN-573201, KARNATAKA.
2. / NAME OF THE INSTITUTION / SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
VIDYANAGAR,
HASSAN-573201
KARNATAKA
3. / COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT / MASTER OF DENTAL SURGERY IN ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY.
4. / DATE OF ADMISSION TO COURSE / 31 - 05 - 2010
5. / TITLE OF THE TOPIC / “CHEILOSCOPY – A STUDY OF LIP PRINTS AS AN AID FOR SEX IDENTIFICATION.”
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7.
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BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:
6.1 Need for the study:
Establishing a person’s identity is a very important process in civil and criminal cases. Finger prints, postmortem reports and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques allowing fast and secure identification processes.1 Theory of uniqueness is the scientific principle behind finger print analysis to convince the court of law. Likewise, studies done so far show that even lip prints are unique for an individual and hence have the potential for personal identification. 2
The external surface of lips has many elevations and depressions forming a characteristic pattern called lip prints, examination of which is known as cheiloscopy. 3
Studies done previously showed that patterns remain unchanged over a person’s lifetime. 4
The prime objective of present study is to ascertain whether the lip prints behold the potential for identification of sex of an individual and to determine the most common lip patterns in relation to a specific gender.
6.2 Review of Literature:
1.  Aggrawal A in 2004, in his forensic files had analysed the importance of lip prints and reported that fissures and criss-cross lines are different in different people and can form a very good basis of identification.5
2.  Utsuno. H et al in 2004, had conducted a preliminary study of post mortem personal identification of lip prints and confirmed that post mortem lip prints taken from human remains, which are subjected to physical and chemical changes can be used similarly as living persons.6
3.  Sonal V and Nayak.C.D in 2005, had conducted a study of lip prints of different individuals and concluded that sex of a person can be determined by the lip print pattern.3
4.  T R Saraswathi, Mishra G and Ranganathan K in 2009, aimed to study the lip print pattern of different individuals in different parts of the lip and to find out the incidence of any particular pattern in a given age group and concluded that intersecting pattern was common and reticular pattern was least common.4
5.  In 2009,Sharma P, Saxena S and Rathod V conducted a study on lip print patterns and concluded that lip prints are unique for a person and they also help in determining the sex of a person.7
6.  In 2010, Domaity,et al did a study on morphological patterns of lip prints of individuals in Saudi Arabia and confirmed that the lip print pattern is unique for each individual even in twins and family relatives.8
7.  Sforza C,et al in 2010 conducted a study on age and sex related changes in three dimensional lip morphology and concluded that the dimensions of lips and mouth are sexually dimorphic and are modified by aging process.9
6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1)  To determine the sex of an individual using lip print.
2)  To evaluate the predominant lip print pattern in either sex
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
7.1 Source of data:
This study will be conducted on 120 individuals, 60 males and 60 females between 18-40 years reporting to the department of oral medicine and radiology, Sri Hasanamba Dental College and Hospital.
Materials used: Dark colored lip stick, Cellophane tape, White chart paper and Magnifying lens.
7.2 Method of collection of data:
The data will be obtained from those subjects satisfying the criteria’s , as listed below.
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
1)  Age range: 18-40 years
2)  Subjects with absolute normal transition zone between the mucosa and the skin.
3)  Lips free from any pathology.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
1)  Subjects with any malformation, deformity of lips.
2)  Subjects with any trauma or scar on the lips.
3)  Subjects with any active or passive lesions on the lip.
4)  Individuals with known hypersensitivity to lip sticks.
PROCEDURE:
All the participants will be given a brief about the purpose of the study and written consent will be taken from the subjects before undertaking the study.
Lips of all the subjects will be cleaned and the dark colored lip stick will be applied with a single stroke evenly on the lips. The subjects will be asked to rub both the lips to evenly spread the applied lip stick. Over the lip stick, the glued portion of cellophane tape strip will be placed and the subject will be asked to make a lip impression in the normal rest position of the lips by dabbing in the center first and then pressing it uniformly towards the corner of the lips.
The cellophane strip will be stuck to the white chart paper for permanent record purpose and then visualized by magnifying lens. The lip prints obtained will be coded, while noting the name and sex of the respective individuals. The lip prints will be given to an independent examiner for analysis who is not aware of the subjects. The middle part of the lower lip (10 mm wide) will be taken as area of study in accordance with Sharma et al7, since this part of the lip is almost always visible in any trace. The number of lines and furrows present, their length, branching and combinations will be noted.
In this study we will follow the classification of pattern of the lines on the lips proposed by Suzuki and Tsuchihashi,7
Type I : Clear- cut vertical grooves that run across the entire lips.
Type Il : Similar to type I, but do not cover the entire lip.
Type 2 : Branched grooves
Type 3 : Criss-cross pattern or reticular grooves
Type 4 : Undetermined, grooves do not fall into any of the types and cannot be differentiated morphologically.
The sex of the individual shall be determined as per the descriptions given by Vahanwala et al 3.
Type 1 & 1l pattern dominant : Female
Type 2 pattern dominant : Female
Type 3 pattern dominant : Male
Type 4 pattern dominant : Male
All the lip prints obtained will be studied and interpreted by the examiner to identify the sex of the subjects and results will be analyzed for the presence or absence of common lip print patterns in males and females.
Statistical Analysis :
Data will be collected and statistically analyzed.
7.3. Does the study require any investigations or interventions to be conducted on patients or other humans or animals? If so please describe briefly.
YES
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
YES
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LIST OF REFERENCES:
1.  Caldas I M, Magalhaes T, Afonso A. Establishing identity using cheiloscopy and palatoscopy. Forensic science international 2007;165:1-9
2.  Sivapathasundaram B, Prakash P A, Sivakumar.G.Lip Prints (Cheiloscopy). Indian journal dental research 2001;12:234-237.
3.  Sonal V, Nayak C.D, Pagare S.S. Study of Lip-prints as Aid for Sex determination. Medico-Legal update 2005;vol 5: No.3.
4.  Saraswathi T R, Mishra G, Ranganathan K.Study of Lip prints. Journal of Forensic Dental Science 2009;1:28-31.
5.  Aggrawal A. The importance of Lip prints. Dr Anil Aggrawal’s forensic files 2004; vol 2.
6.  Utsuno H, Kanoh T,Tadokoro O,Inoue K. Preliminary study of post mortem identification using Lip prints. Forensic science international 2005;149: 129-132.
7.  Sharma P, Saxena S, Rathod V. Cheiloscopy: The study of Lip prints in sex identification. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences 2009;1:24-7
8.  Domiaty E A M,Al-gaidi A S, Elayat A A, Safwat E D M, Galal A S. Morphological patterns of lip prints in Saudi Arabia at Almonawarah Province. Forensic science international 2010;200:179e1-170e9.
9.  Sforza C, Grandi G, Binelli M, Dolci C, Menezes D M, Ferrario F V. Age and sex related changes in three dimensional lip morphology. Forensic science international 2010;200:182.e1-182e7.
9. / SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE / ( Dr. ANJU ANU JOSE )
10. / REMARKS OF THE GUIDE
11. / NAME & DESIGNATION OF
(IN BLOCK LETTERS)
11.1 GUIDE
11.2 SIGNATURE
11.3 CO-GUIDE (IF ANY)
11.4 SIGNATURE
11.5 HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
11.6 SIGNATURE / Dr. ASHA M.L M.D.S
PROFESSOR AND HEAD,
DEPARTMENT OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIODIAGNOSIS,
SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE
AND HOSPITAL,
HASSAN-573201.

Dr. ASHA.M.L M.D.S

PROFESSOR AND HEAD,
DEPARTMENT OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIODIAGNOSIS,
SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
HASSAN – 573201.
12. /
REMARKS OF THE CHAIRMAN
& THE PRINCIPAL
12.1 SIGNATURE
/

Dr. S. RAVINDRA M.D.S.

PRINCIPAL,

SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
HASSAN – 573201.