Questions and Vocabulary – Notes 10 Energy and the CellPart 1 ATP and Cellular Respiration

1. List three different major types of work that energy is used for in the cell.

For each type of work give an example.

2. Name one type of molecule that sometimes needs energy to do work.

What kind of work does this type of molecule do?

To which one of the four categories of biomolecule does this type of biomolecule belong?

(Hint to all of the above – see Notes 10, I. B. and see Notes 8, IV. B.)

3. What is ATP?

Describe how it works.

What happens to ATP when it is depleted of energy?

What happens to the organism if ATP runs out?

4. Whatis the name of the process that virtually all organisms use to recharge ATP?

In this process what types of biomolecules are typically broken down to get energy to recharge ATP?

What molecule helps get energy out of the molecules listed above? If this type of molecule is used in a reaction, what is the reaction called? (Hint: a ______reaction).

5. Write the chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration.

Write the equation, but use words instead of letters, numbers and symbols (as used in the chemical equation).

What are the reactants in the reaction? What are the products?

Which molecule releases energy when it breaks down? What is that energy used for?

6. Where does cellular respiration occur in eukaryotes?

What is a eukaryote? (Hint: See Notes 8, II.A.2.)

What is an organelle? Give an example of an organelle. (Hint: See Notes 8, I.B.4. and II.A.1.b.)

7. Where does cellular respiration occur in prokaryotes?

What is a prokaryote?

8, List the major types of organisms that use aerobic cellular respiration.

9. What is fermentation?

Describe a type of fermentation.

Questions and Vocabulary – Notes 10 Energy and the CellPart 2 Photosynthesis

1. Organisms need food biomolecules. What do they use them for?

2. What is the process called that breaks down food biomolecules and extracts energy from them?

List the major groups of organisms that use this process in their cells.

3. What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Which have mitochondria in their cells?

4. From what source do autotrophs obtain their energy?

From what source do heterotrophs obtain their energy?

5. From what source do autotrophs obtain the elements necessary to build and maintain their bodies?

From what source do heterotrophs obtain the elements necessary to build and maintain their bodies?

6. Specifically, from what do autotrophs obtain the carbon necessary to build their bodies?

How do autotrophs obtain elements such as nitrogen and phosphorous?

7. What does photosynthesis do?

8. Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis.

Describe the formula in words only (no chemical formulas, mathematical symbols, arrows, etc.).

9. What do autotrophs do with the glucose they make during photosynthesis?

10. What principally defines eukaryotic cells?

Are eukaryotes unicellular or multicellular?

What are the major groups of eukaryotes?

11. What principally defines prokaryotic cells?

Are eukaryotes unicellular or multicellular?

What term is usually used to refer to prokaryotes?

12. Where does photosynthesis take place in the eukaryotic cell?

Where does photosynthesis occur in the prokaryotic cell?

What is the difference between the two things you named in answer to the first two prompts of #12?

13. How are organisms classified according to how they acquire energy and elemental/molecular building blocks?