Prolinnova International Workshop

Tanzania

PROLINNOVA INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP

- POLICY ADVOCACY, CAMPAIGN and LOBBYING -

CapacityBuilding

Workshop for Development Workers

OCEANIC BAY HOTEL BAGAMOYO – TANZANIA

21ST-25TH AUGUST 2006

1.0INTRODUCTION...... 2

1.1Workshop Background...... 2

1.2Workshop Objectives...... 2

1.2.1Specific objectives...... 2

1.2.2Expected outputs...... 2

1.2.3The scope and key workshop questions...... 2

1.3Workshop Methodology...... 2

1.3.1Resource persons...... 2

1.3.2Who attended the workshop?...... 2

1.4Organization of the Report...... 2

2.0DAILY WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS...... 2

2.1Introduction...... 2

2.2.1Session One: Starting...... 2

2.2.2Official opening...... 2

2.2.4Self introduction...... 2

2.2.5Fixing the workshop program...... 2

2.2.6National presentations on Prolinnova experiences...... 2

2.3.1Session One: Expectations and Fears...... 2

2.3.2Presentations on CAL...... 2

2.3.3Group work on CAL...... 2

2.4.1First Presentation on Public Policy...... 2

2.4.2Presentation on stakeholder analysis...... 2

2.4.3Group work on stakeholder analysis for policy formulation...... 2

2.5.2Second presentation: PP formulation...... 2

2.5.4Open space discussions...... 2

2.5.5Presentation on Prolinnova International...... 2

2.6.1Presentation on conflict management...... 2

2.6.2Action planning for advocacy in CPs...... 2

2.6.3Closing...... 2

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Annexes

List of Acronyms

1.0INTRODUCTION

1.1Workshop Background

1.2Workshop Objectives

1.2.1Specific objectives

1.2.2Expected outputs

1.2.3The scope and key workshop questions

1.3Workshop Methodology

1.3.1Resource persons

1.3.2Who attended the workshop?

1.4Organization of the Report

2.0DAILY WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS

2.1Introduction

2.2.1Session One: Starting

2.2.2Official opening

2.2.4Self introduction

2.2.5Fixing the workshop program

2.2.6National presentations on Prolinnova experiences

2.3.1Session One: Expectations and Fears

2.3.2Presentations on CAL

2.3.3Group work on CAL

2.4.1First Presentation on Public Policy

2.4.2Presentation on stakeholder analysis

2.4.3Group work on stakeholder analysis for policy formulation

2.5.2Second presentation: Public Policy formulation

2.5.4Open space discussions

2.5.5Presentation on Prolinnova International

2.6.1Presentation on conflict management

2.6.2Action planning for advocacy in CPs

2.6.3Closing

3.0ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

4.0ANNEXES

Annex 1:List of Participants

Annex 2:Workshop program

Annex 3: Opening Speech by Deputy Chairperson of Prolinnova Tanzania

Annex 4: A brief overview of the Prolinnova Tanzania Program

Annex 5A: ...... Outcome Workshop Evaluation

Annex 5B: ...... The workshop evaluation form

List of Tables

Table 1: Summary of first CAL presentation on definition and basic elements

of CAL...... 32

Table 2: Summary of the second presentation on key stages of effective

advocacy ……………………………………………………………………………..33

Table 3: Summary of the third presentation on practical tips on

how to lobby legislatures and develop an advocacy plan………………………35

Table 4: Summary of Dr. Luvanda’s presentation on public policy …………………….40

Table 5: Summary of the key issues from Dr Shitundu’s Presentationon

Public Policy………………………………………………………………………….48

Table 6:Group presentations on how to engage in policy analysis, increase

farmer visibility in research and mobilize resources for Prolinnova…………...55

Table 7:Monique Salomon’s presentation on inputs from Prolinnova

international to the CAL workshop……………………………………………...57

Table 8:Summary of Mr.Simanga’s presentation on the concepts of conflicts…..……61

Table 9:Summary of Mr Simanga’s presentation on concepts of negotiation………….62

Table 10:Group presentation on Action Planning exercise………………………………..64

List of Annexes

1. Annex 1List of participants……………………………………………..71

2. Annex 2Workshop time table…………………………………………..72

3. Annex 3Brief overview of Prolinnova Tanzania programme………74

4. Annex 4 Workshop Evaluation…………………...…………………….79

5. Annex 4 aThe form used for evaluation………………………………...82

6. Annex 4 bSummary of results…………………………………………...83
List of Acronyms

ACDEPAssociation of Church Development Projects

AMSDPAgriculture and Marketing

ARAgricultural Research

ARCAgricultural Research Council

ARD Agricultural Research and Development

ASDPAgriculture Development Plan

ASEAgri-ServiceEthiopia

CALCampaign, Advocacy and Lobbying

CBOsCommunity Based Organisation

CEDACCentre d’Etude et de Development Agricole Cambodgien

CGIARConsultative Group on International Agricultural Research

CIATInternational Centre for Tropical Agriculture

CISCentre for International Cooperation

CPsCountry Programmes

CSIRCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research

CSOCivil Society Organisation

CTATechnical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

DAALIDepartment of Agronomy and Agricultural Land Improvement

DADODistrict Agricultural Development Officer

DAEDepartment of Agricultural Extension

DGISNetherlands Directorate General for International Cooperation

EAROEthiopian Agricultural Research Organisation

ECASARDEcumenical Association for Sustainable Agricultural And Rural Development

ECOSCENTREEcological Service Centre

ECSTEthiopian Commission for Science and Technology

FAOFood and Agriculture Organisation

FARAForum on Agricultural Research in Africa

FBOFarmer-based Organisation

FIFinancial Institution

FNNFarmer and Nature Net

FOFarmer Organisation

FSGFarmer Support Group

GFARGlobal Forum on Agricultural Research

GPPGlobal Partnership Programme

HSRCHuman Sciences Research Council

IAASInstitute of Agriculture and Animal Science

IFADInternational Fund for Agricultural Development

IIRRInternational Institute for Rural Reconstruction

IKIndigenous knowledge

ISTInstitute for Sustainable Development

ISTInternational Support Team

ITDGIntermediate Technology Development Group (Practical Action)

ITKIndigenous Technology

KCNSAKampongChamNationalSchool of Agriculture

LGALocal Government Authority

LI-BIRDLocal initiative for Biodiversity Research and Development

M&EMonitoring and Evaluation

MAAIFMinistry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries

MAFFMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

MOAMinistry of Agriculture

MOFAMinistry of Food and Agriculture

MPsMembers of Parliament

NAADSNational Agricultural Advisory Service

NARCNepal Agricultural Research Council

NGONon governmental Organisation

NGOCNon-Governmental Organisations Committee

NPCNational Planning Commission

NPESNational Poverty Eradication Strategy

NRM Natural Resource Management

NSCNational Steering Committee

NWGNational Working Group

PADEKPartnership for Development of Kampuchea

PCProgramme Coordinator

PDAProvincial Department of Agriculture

PELUM TzParticipatory Ecological Land Use Management Tanzania

PIDParticipatory Innovation Development

PM&EParticipatory Monitoring and Evaluation

POGProlinnova Oversight Group

PPPublic Policy

PPAPublic Policy Analysis

PR&DParticipatory Research and Development

PROFIEETPromoting Farmer Innovation and Experimentation in Ethiopia

ProlinnovaPromoting Local Innovations

PTDParticipatory Technology Development

R & DResearch and Development

RUARoyalUniversity of Agriculture

SNRMSustainable Natural Resources Management

1.0INTRODUCTION

1.1Workshop Background

PELUM-Tanzania is one of the ten Country Working Groups that constitute the so called PELUM Association. This is a regional network of Civil Society Organizations operating in East, Central and Southern Africa towards sustainable agriculture, food security and sustainable community development in the region. The association was launched in 1995 with 25 founding members and has now a membership of over 160 organizations. PELUM is currently working in ten countries being: Botswana, Kenya, Lesotho, Rwanda, Malawi, Uganda, Tanzania, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

PELUM’s long term objectives are to build the capacity of farming and rural community groups to accumulate ecological capital and stimulate farmer learning and inspire them to experiment and innovate in empowering ways for food security as well as sustainability. To attain these objectives, PELUM Association is facilitating learning and networking, participatory research, capacity building, lobbying and advocacy with small-scale farmers groups and civil society organizations. The same apply for PELUM-Tanzania. Through its member organizations, PELUM-Tanzania is currently implementing two main programmes: (1) Networking for Sustainable Agriculture and Marketing and (2) Documentation and Communication for Promoting Local Innovations in Sustainable Agriculture in Tanzania (PROLINNOVA Tanzania).

PROLINNOVA is an international initiative spearheaded by NGOs to build a global learning and advocacy network on promoting local innovation in ecologically-oriented agriculture and natural resources management (NRM). The focus is on recognizing the dynamics of indigenous knowledge (IK) and learning how to strengthen the capacities of farmers (including peasant/family farmers, forest dwellers, pastoralists and artisanal fisherfolk) to adjust to changing conditions – to develop and adapt their own site-appropriate systems and institutions of resource management in order to gain food security, sustain their livelihoods and safeguard the environment.

The programme builds on and seeks to scale up farmer-based R&D approaches that start with discovering how farmers carry out informal experiments to develop and test new ideas for improved use of natural resources. Understanding and documenting the rationale behind local innovation transforms how researchers and extension staff view local people. This experience stimulates interest, on both sides, to enter into joint R&D. Local ideas can then be further developed in a participatory innovation process that integrates the dynamics of IK and formal scientific knowledge where mutual learning is based on joint action and analysis.

It is PELUM and PROLINNOVA central interest to ensure that such participatory innovation approaches are also applied by regular government institutions (so called institutionalisation). To achieve this they are set to influence policy development and implementation in the area of agricultural development. They realise, however, that they need to strengthen their capacities in this field in order to become really effective. It is to this background that the international capacity building workshop on campaigning, advocacy and lobbying was organised.

1.2Workshop Objectives

The overall goal of the workshop was to build the capacity of development practitioners to campaign, advocate and lobby for change on issues that negatively impact on farmers, their communities and livelihoods. There was felt to be a need to sharpen participants’ expertise in Campaign, Advocacy and Lobby strategies on agricultural policies that impact local innovations.

The workshop aimed at opening another chapter in PELUM’s and Prolinnova role of supporting the efforts of development workers in the region to become more visible audible and self organized. The five day workshop would enable the participants to meet and together consolidate their views on advocacy and lobbying with particular focus on strengthening the capacities of farmers to develop and adapt their own site-appropriate systems and institutions of resource management in order to gain food security, sustain their livelihoods and safeguard the environment.

1.2.1Specific objectives

Specifically, the workshop aimed and realised the following:

Share experiences in CAL and draw lessons for the future.
Learn and discuss appropriate CAL principles, strategies and techniques to influence and stimulate agricultural policy change
Identify the most crucial CAL issues in the region that needs to be undertaken and the strategies to adopt including introduction to new skills and techniques for policy analysis and CAL.
Acquiring and practicing policy analysis, advocacy, campaigning and lobbying techniques
Identify the impact effects of continuous CAL activities on farmers, extentionists, researchers and the local population
Identify areas for CAL that will create favourable environment for promoting local innovations, recognition of innovator farmers and institutionalization of PID/PTD related to local innovation.

1.2.2Expected outputs

The following outputs were expected to be realised:

Shared CAL experiences and learning from one another

Identification of key CAL issues for PELUM and PROLINNOVA Partners to focus on at country, region and global levels.

Learn more about and internalize CAL concept and methodologies

Understand principles of Campaign, Advocacy, Lobby and policy analysis at National, Regional and International level.

Acquire new skills in Campaign, Advocacy and Lobby

1.2.3The scope and key workshop questions

The workshop covered experiences in CAL within the Africa Region and beyond, approaches to advocacy, different stages of advocacy and how to develop an effective advocacy strategy. The workshop also introduced participants to negotiation skills relevant in advocacy and to the highlights of the relationship between PROLINNOVA programme and the use of CAL strategies to influence agricultural policy change.

The following questions were key to the workshop

What CAL interventions have we undertaken in the past at local and global levels and what were the experiences?
What lessons emerged from the CAL interventions in the region and what are the gaps?
How best can PELUM and PROLINNOVA CPs improve on their CAL interventions?
What is the envisaged role of PROLINNOVA partners at the various levels and how should this role be played?
How can PELUM Association and PROLINNOVA partners improve on their CAL interventions to achieve the institutionalization process of PROLINNOVA programme?

1.3Workshop Methodology

The workshop ran for fivedays and was very interactive and participatory. Resource persons used visual aids to stimulate and kick start discussions and ensure involvement of participants. Both formal presentations, plenary sessions were ran to ensure maximum sharing and contribution.The program was flexible to allow exhaustion of contributions and in-depth discussion on matters found crucial and in need of more time. At all times, summaries were made after every session to consolidate and confirm matters raised and the respective resolutions.Practical examples and real case studies were often used to clarify matters.

1.3.1Resource persons

The workshop was hosted by PELUM-Tanzania. However lead facilitators familiar with CAL, policy analysis and other related regional issues were selected to facilitate the whole process:

Mss.Anne MainaWanjiku and Marjorie Chonya from the PELUM Regional Desk lead the sessions on CAL skills,

Dr. Eliabu Luvanda from the University of Dar es Salaam made a presentation and facilitated a session on Public Policy Analysis (PPA),

Dr. Joseph Shitundu also from the University of Dar es Salaam facilitated the session on Public Policy Processes and how Civil Societies can influence the processes.

Mr. Simanga from TRACE facilitate the session on negotiation skills and conflict management.

Ms. Monique Salomon (on behalf of Prolinnova International) facilitated the last session on the way forward and future plans.

The workshop was moderated by Ms. Vera Mugittu from Muvek Development Solutions Ltd. She also assisted PELUM-Tanzania in organizing and reporting on the workshop.

1.3.2Who attended the workshop?

The workshop was held at Oceanic Bay Hotel in Bagamoyo,Tanzania. Participants came from different parts of Africaand Asiawhere Prolinnova is operational. Those were, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ghana, Sudan, Ethiopia, South Africa, Nepal and Cambodia. There were also participants from Zambia who represented the PELUM-Association Regional Desk(See Annex 1 for Participants list).

1.4Organization of the Report

The report is organised in two sections.

SECTIONONE:Introduced the workshop by giving its background, objectives, content, methodology, and information on the resource persons and participants.

SECTION TWO:Presents daily outputs and discussions. In this chapter one will find consolidated summaries of what transpired in each session. Although not all that was spoken was captured, the most important points can be found in the report.

2.0DAILY WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS

2.1Introduction

This was a five days workshop which aimed at first, introduce participants and refreshtheir minds on Prolinnova concepts and the goals at international level; Secondly, impart basic skills on CAL by sharing experiences in lobbying and advocacy before being introduced into advocacy planning and processes including key advocacy stages, approaches and strategies; Thirdly, facilitate a learning about the public policy concept, the formulation process and its analysis; Fourthly, introduce conflict management and negotiation skills. Andfinally, take participants through a process of developing individual countries’CAL strategic plans and define the way forward in influencing agricultural policy change. (The detailed workshop program is attached as Annex 2 in this report).

Due to different reasons and unavoidable circumstances including unexpected changes in the arrival dates and times of some of the resources persons/facilitators, the program had to be adjusted. This was smoothly and collectively done.

The subsequent sections present outcomes and discussions held in each of the five days. The proceedings are organised in days and further into sessions.

2.2.1Session One:Starting

The workshop started at 8.30 a.m.when the Moderator Ms Vera F. Mugittuwelcomed the host, Mr.Yakobo Tibamanya from PELUM- Tanzania to welcome participants and briefly introduce the purpose and objectives of the workshop. Mr. Tibamanya made apologies for all the inconveniences which some of the participants underwent due to flight delays especially the Kenya Airways which made participants to arrive very late and others to miss the morning session.

Mr. Tibamanya then welcomed Ms Loyce Lema who is the Deputy Chairperson of PROLINNOVA Tanzania National Steering Committee and Director of EnvirocareTanzania to officiate the workshop.

2.2.2Official opening

Ms Loyce welcomedPROLINNOVA partners, distinguished workshop participants from Cambodia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Ghana, Nepal, Sudan, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia and those coming from outside Dar es Salaam to Bagamoyo, Tanzania which is a historical town enriched by ancient architecture, people and culture.

Ms Loyce went on to thank PROLINNOVA International for funding the workshop. She explained the aim of the workshop was to help build the capacities of partners involved in the Prolinnova international program to understand, own and effectively apply the skills gained to influence policies that have adverse impacts on the livelihood of farmers and local communities. This will sharpen the participants’knowledge in campaign, advocacy and lobbying for agricultural practices that have an impact upon local innovations.

She clarified that during the workshop, participants will be facilitated to:

Share experiences in CAL and draw lessons for the future

Learn and discuss appropriate CAL principles, strategies and techniques to influence stimulate agricultural policy change.

Identify the most crucial CAL issues in the region that needs to be undertaken and the strategies to adopt including introduction to new skills and techniques for policy analysis and CAL

Acquiring and practicing policy analysis, advocacy, campaigning and lobbying techniques.

Identify the impact on farmer’s extensions, researchers and the local population.

To identify areas for CAL that will create favorable environment for promoting local innovations, recognition of innovation farmers and institutionalization of participatory Innovation Development/Participatory Technology Development related to local innovations.

(See Annex 3 for the detailed speech)

2.2.4Self introduction

Participants were invited to make brief self introductions. From the introduction, it was learnt that different Prolinnova countries from Asia, and Africa were represented and it was clear that there was a room to learn new things from each other as well as exchanging experiences that will help in strengthening individual country’s work in Prolinnova context (the full list of participants is attached as annex 1 of this report).

2.2.5Fixing the workshop program

The moderator suggestedchanges to the time table sincedue to flight changesthe first session’s facilitatorMs Monique Salomonhad not yet arrived. The first session was on the concept of Prolinnova international. Two facilitators from the PELUM Regional desk in Zambia, i.e. Marjorie Chonya and Anne Mainawho were supposed to present and facilitate the afternoon sessions onCampaign, Lobbying and Advocacy (CAL) had also not arrived.