Name: ______Date: ______Class: ______

Poetry Guided Notes

POETRY

______is a type of literatures that expresses ideas, feeling or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas).

The ______is the author of the poem. The ______of the poem is the narrator of the poem.

______is the appearance of the words on the page.

______a group of words together on one line of the poem

______a group of lines arranged together

KINDS OF STANZAS

  • ______=a two line stanza
  • Triplet (Tercet)=a three line stanza
  • ______=a four line stanza
  • Quintet=a five line stanza
  • Sestet (Sextet)=a six line stanza
  • Septet=a seven line stanza
  • Octave=an eight line stanza

SOUND EFFECTS

  • The ______created by the sounds of the words in a poem
  • ______can be created by meter, rhyme, alliteration and refrain.

METER

A ______of stressed and unstressed syllables.

  • ______occurs when the stressed and unstressed syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a repeating pattern.
  • When poets write in meter, they ______out the number of stressed (strong) syllables and unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. They ______the pattern throughout the poem.
  • ______- unit of meter.

TYPES OF POETRY

______Poetry

Unlike ______poetry, free verse poetry does NOT have any ______patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables.

Does NOT have ______.

Free verse poetry is very conversational - sounds like someone ______with you. It is more ______type of poetry.

______Poetry

Written in lines of iambic pentameter, but does NOT use end ______.

RHYME

______sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant ______.

Example: (A word always rhymes with itself.)

LAMP/ STAMP

Share the short “a” vowel sound

Share the combined “mp” consonant sound

______RHYME: A word at the end of one line rhymes with a ______at the end of another line.

______RHYME: A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same ______.

Different vowel sounds (long “o” and “oo” sound)

Share the same consonant sound

RHYME SCHEME

A ______scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always).

Use the letters of the ______to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)

SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME

The Germ

A mighty creature is the germ,

Though smaller than the pachyderm.

His customary dwelling place

Is deep within the human race.

His childish pride he often pleases

By giving people strange diseases.

Do you, my poppet, feel infirm?

You probably contain a germ.

By: Ogden Nash

CINQUAIN

A ______poem containing 22 syllables

A Cinquain follows this pattern:

Two Syllables

Four Syllables

Six Syllables

Eight Syllables

Two Syllables

Example:

How frail

Above the bulk

Of crashing water hangs

Autumnal, evanescent, wan

The moon.

NARRATIVE POEMS

A poem that tells a ______.

Generally longer than the lyric styles of poetry b/c the poet needs to establish characters and a plot.

Examples of Narrative Poems

“The Raven”

“The Highwayman”

“Casey at the Bat”

“The Walrus and the Carpenter”

CONCRETE POEMS

In concrete poems, the words are ______to create a ______that relates to the content of the poem.

FIGURATIVELANGUAGE

ASSONANCE: Repeated ______sounds in a line or lines of poetry.

(Often creates near rhyme.)

Example: Lake FateBaseFade = (All share the long “a” sound.)

Examples of ASSONANCE:“Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.”

By: John Masefield

“Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.”

By: William Shakespeare

CONSONANCE: Similar to alliteration EXCEPT . . .The repeated consonant sounds can be ______in the words

Example: “silken, sad, uncertain, rustling . . “

ONOMATOPOEIA: Words that imitate the ______they are naming

Example: BUZZ

OR sounds that imitate another sound

Example: “The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of each purple curtain . . .”

SIMILE: A ______of two things using “like” or “as”

Example: “He slept like a log.”

ALLITERATION: Consonant sounds repeated at the ______of words

Example: If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?

METAPHOR: A direct comparison of two ______things

Example: “All the world's a stage,
And all the men and women merely players:
They have their exits and their entrances;
And one man in his time plays many parts…”
- William Shakespeare

HYPERBOLE: ______often used for emphasis.

IDIOM: An expression where the ______of the words is not the meaning of the expression. It means something ______than what it actually says.

Example: To pull your weight

Definition: This does not mean to grab your belly and pull. This idiom means to work as hard as you possibly can, or at least give a contribution to a task that is equal to your peers.

PERSONIFICATION: An animal or inanimate object given ______-______qualities or an object given life-like qualities.

EXAMPLE: The Cat & The Fiddle

Hey diddle, Diddle,
The cat and the fiddle,
The cow jumped over the moon;
The little dog laughed
To see such sport,
And the dish ran away with the spoon

By: Mother Goose

OTHERPOETIC DEVICES

SYMBOLISM: When a person, place, thing, or event that has ______in itself also represents, or stands for, something else.

______= Innocence ______= Peace

ALLUSION: (Allusion comes from the verb “allude” which means “to refer to”)

An allusion is a reference to something ______.

IMAGERY:Language that appeals to the ______.

Most images are visual, but they can also appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell.